• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2009

In this treatise, a survey was conducted on American female consumers to confirm the possibility of segmenting the American cosmetic industry by classifying lifestyles and analysing differences in consumer behavior, and also to provide global marketing strategy for entry into the American cosmetics industry by Korean companies. The results of the analysis provided three categories of American female consumer lifestyles. The first is the "practical conservative" type(58 people) who are fairly indifferent to or uninterested in external changes. The second is the "pro-active sensitive" type(48 people) who are interested in external changes and want to live a leading life. The last is the "neutral economical" type(54 people) who resemble characteristics that are in between the previous two types. The study has showed there was a difference in consumer motivation, considerations during selection, factors associated with shop choice according to consumer classification. It provides evidence that lifestyles can be a criteria in segmenting the American cosmetics market.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-120
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to find the factors that facilitate married female immigrants' early adjustment in Korea. For this purpose, 14 immigrated female participants living in Daegu were interviewed in-depth by using an open-ended questionnaire. The major findings are as follows: Through content analysis of participants' responses, three major factors were found to influence successful adjustment of married female immigrants personal factors, familial support and the social support system. Among the personal factors, having a conservative marital attitude, optimism and liking the partner rather than economic concern for the reason of marital decision making are contributing factors to the successful marital adjustment. Above all, familial support, a husband's good personality, care, and active support are the important factors in a foreign wife's adjustment and life satisfaction. Parent-in-law's help and tolerance playa role in a foreign daughter-in-law's successful adjustment. In the social support system, joined activities and the support of mends from the homeland make a contribution to decreasing the sense of isolation and to giving mental well-being for married female immigrants. The center for support of multicultural family gives them the opportunity to meet people from their homelands and to expand the social network.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.511-529
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• 2016

The current study aims to segment Chinese female consumers using their lifestyle dimensions in the cosmetics market, and analyze their cosmetics purchasing behavior based on that segmentation. Specifically, lifestyle groups were examined to see if there is any group difference(s) in consumer behavior for Korean cosmetics. Lifestyle groups were examined based on: consumers' demographic characteristics, perceived brand attributes, loyalty toward Korean cosmetics, usage of Korean cosmetics products, preferred stores of shopping for Korean cosmetics, and use of information sources in purchase decisions. An online survey was administered to female consumers who live in Beijing and Shanghai. A total of 493 surveys were used for data analyses. The results of the study were as follows: First, factor analysis revealed 11 significant lifestyle dimensions. Second, using these 11 lifestyle dimensions, cluster analysis was conducted, which revealed four distinct groups of consumers: (1) "timid inactive group," characterized by having low scores in most lifestyle dimensions; (2) "showcase goers," who tend to be highly fashion/appearance-conscious and brand-oriented; (3) "practical buyers," who tend to be price-conscious, sensitive and timid; and (4) "sensible buyers," who enjoy finer meals and wellbeing lifestyles, as well as hardworking in everything and impulse-buy things. Third, consumer behavior of purchasing Korean cosmetics brands were examined; significant differences among the four lifestyle groups were found. The study concludes with a discussion of the results and practical implications.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.17-26
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• 2019

Purpose - Today's companies concentrate intensively on building consumer value and corporate reputation for continuing growth and advancement in an ever-changing global business management environment. This research intended to study the correlation between consumer value and corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities in building corporate reputation with consumers. Research design, data, and methodology - Online and offline surveys were conducted among male and female adults across Korea. Surveys were conducted for three weeks from August 21, 2018 to September 8, 2018. The samples consisted of 350 offline and 112 online surveys, and a combined total of 462 samples was used for final analysis. Result - Higher consumer value means a greater chance that consumers will select that company's products over those of competitors. For competitive advantage purposes, companies use various consumer management strategies to bolster consumer value and corporate reputation with consumers. Conclusions - Brand assets are subject to ethical responsibility, which is a dimension of corporate social responsibility. Of note, one relevant finding about brand assets (similar to findings in previous research) is the existence of confusion about brand recognition and brand image as perceived by customers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.205-215
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identity the relationship of clothing involvement, consumer characteristics, and clothing buying behavior of college female students in China. A questionnaire was developed to measure clothing involvement, materialism, conspicuous consumption, reference group influence, clothing purchasing modes, fashion information sources. The questionnaire was administered to 390 college female students in Dandong of china. The data were analyzed using percentage, frequency, factor analysis, and t-test. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Subjects were divided into low clothing involved and high clothing involved groups according to the level of clothing involvement. 2. Three dimensions of materialism were derived by factor analysis such as Happiness-pursuing, Life-centered, and Sucess-symbolic. And three dimensions of conspicuous consumption and reference group influence were derived by factor analysis such as luxury oriented, Status symbolic, Brand-name oriented, and Comparative, Informational, Normative exactly. Clothing purchasing motives and fashion information sources were factor analysed as Social and Individual mole, and Printed & Electric-wave media, Marketer managed, Personal exactly. 3. There were significant differences between high involved and low involved consumers in consumer characteristics and clothing purchasing behavior. The high involved consumers showed more importance than low involved consumers about materialism especially in Happiness-pursuing about conspicuous consumption in status symbolic and about influence of reference group in comparative. The high involved consumers put more importance than low involved consumer individual motive as clothing purchasing motive, and marketer managed in clothing fashion information. The high invoked consumers showed more importance than low invoked consumers about evaluating attributes of product, and about store patronage criterion.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-110
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the money management behavior according to the consumption value for consumers, especially for adolescents. Using 502 samples of middle school adolescents, a survey was conducted from May 10 to May 20, 2004. The main results were as follows: 1) The consumption value for adolescent consumers was categorized conspicuous-consumption value, brand-oriented value, mental-oriented value and advertising-dependent value. 2) Female adolescent, with more private spending money, with mobile phone, with importance on brand when purchasing mobile phone, paying more for using mobile phone, having conspicuous-consumption value, with more importance for brand when purchasing mobile phone and having more advertising-oriented value. Adolescent consumers with less private spending money, less payment for mobile phone and having mental-oriented value. 3) Female, with more educated mother, with less spending private money and having better money management behavior. 4) With less conspicuous-consumption value, more mental-oriented value, adolescent consumers have better for money management behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.787-798
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• 2000

This study intended to investigate the benefits sought in 2(i s female formal wear and the clothing behaviors of 20's working women segmented by the benefits of female apparel and to provide marketing strategy on the segmented market. The subject of this study were 605 working women in their 20's living in seoul, and survey based on references and formal studies was used. The results of data analysis are as follows: 1. The factor structures of the benefit sought in clothing products were classified into symbolismㆍaesthetics, and practicality. 2. Consumer groups were segmented into four groups by the benefit factors sought in clothing products. 3. Product involvement, fashion involvement, information search and brand loyalty were proven significantly different among the segmented consumer groups. Demographic variables and purchasing traits such as subjective social class, average monthly expenditure on clothing, and usage of fashion credit card or credit cards were proven to significantly different among the segmented consumer groups.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.29-42
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• 2017

This study investigates the impact of female consumer self-image on pursued fashion style. A survey was carried out among 717 women between the ages of 20 and 60 living in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi. Analysis was conducted in the following manner: SPSS 18.0 was used to perform an Exploratory Factor Analysis (descriptive analysis, principal factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, frequency analysis, and reliability analysis) and AMOS 21.0 was used to carry out a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Based on a Structure Equation Model, results show that ideal self-image and realistic self-image, which are factors derived from psychology, affect pursued fashion style. By contrast, social self-image - derived from social contexts - does not. Therefore, the female consumers' self-image influences pursued fashion style; this is opposed to the relationship between the realistic self-image and ideal self-image of women, which is more unconscious and self-satisfying. The presented results indicate that we should respond to changes in the fashion industry and develop a deeper understanding of consumer niches to discover the factors that predict purchasing behavior. This knowledge can then be applied to establish market strategies. This study contributes to the literature by producing preliminary data that can help support such strategy formulation in the fashion and clothing industry.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.75-87
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the intention of one-person households' selection in the university students. The survey was analyzed with factor analysis, reliability, cross tabulation analysis, t-value, and regression analysis with SPSS version. 18.0. The total of 237 male and female university students participated in the survey. The results were summarized as follows. First, there were significant differences between male and female students in the important factors, problems and reasons when selection of the one-person households in the future, and the perception of one-person households. Second, gender, perception of one-person households, the importance of self-improvement, housing expenses, and family rite had significant effects on the intention of one-person households' selection. The result of the study can be used as basic data for social discussion about one-person households.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.137-149
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• 2004

This research analyzed the tasks performed by firm's consumer department, evaluation, and efficiency of those tasks. In addition, regression analysis was employed to find what factors influence the level of evaluation and efficiency of tasks performed by firm's consumer department. Research results summarized as follows. First, two thirds of the appropriate amount of resources and systems for the consumer department were equipped and the score of evaluating for consumer counseling tasks was high. Second, the amounts of resources and systems being equipped by the firm's consumer department were greater in insurance companies and firms with more employees, firms with 70% to 100% female employees in the consumer department, firms that listed their stocks, and firms with the consumer department located higher than the second floor. Third, the score of evaluating the tasks performed by the firm's consumer department was greater in firms that listed their stocks, owned great resources and systems, and had a higher degree of work satisfaction. Finally, the task of consumer counseling performed by the consumer department turned out to be effective in firms that listed their stocks, were recently established, and owned necessary resources and systems.