• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2009

For the inspection of wood, machine vision is the most common automated inspection method used at present. It is required to sort wood products by grade and to locate surface defects prior to cut-up. Many different sensing methods have been applied to inspection of wood including optical, ultrasonic, X-ray sensing in the wood industry. Nowadays the scanning system mainly employs CCD line-scan camera to meet the needs of accurate detection of lumber defects and real-time image processing. But this system needs exact feeding system and low deviation of lumber thickness. In this study low cost CCD area sensor was used for the development of image processing system for lumber being fed. When domestic red pine being fed on the conveyer belt, lumber images of irregular term of captured area were acquired because belt conveyor slipped between belt and roller. To overcome incorrect image merging by the unstable feeding speed of belt conveyor, it was applied template matching algorithm which was a measure of the similarity between the pattern of current image and the next one. Feeding the lumber over 13.8 m/min, general area sensor generates unreadable image pattern by the motion blur. The red channel of RGB filter showed a good performance for removing background of the green conveyor belt from merged image. Threshold value reduction method that was a image-based thresholding algorithm performed well for knot detection.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.301-312
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• 1982

A series of growing and digestion trials was conducted using Sprague- Dawley weanling male rats in order to determine the effects of two protein sources (casein and ISP (isolated soyprotein) ), three protein levels (10, 20 and 30%), and two feeding patterns (ad libitum and meal feeding) on the growth, protein and energy metabolism, and body composition of rats. The total energy level of experimental diets was kept constant in 3,600 kcal ME /kg diet. The results were as follows : 1) The amount of food intake and the weight gain of meal-fed group were lower than those of ad libitum group. Though the intake of meal-fed group on 20 and 30% casein diet was only 85% of ad libitum group, it was able to gain as much as ad libitum group. 2) There were no significant differences in the food efficiency ratio (FER) and the energy efficiency (weight gain per 100 kcal GE intake) between ad libitum and meal feeding group. The FER and the energy efficiency of 20 and 30% casein diets of meal-fed group were greater than those of ad libitum group. 3) Though the gross energy intake (GE ), the digestible energy (DE) and the metabolizable energy (ME) tended to be lower at meal-fed group, the DE/GE and the ME/GE ratios for meal-fed group were the same as those for ad libitum. 4) Though meal- fed group fed less amount of nitrogen than ad libitum group, there were no differences in nitrogen balance and the retention of rats among the treatments. Actually meal-fed group retained more nitrogen than ad libitum group at the levels of 20 and 30% dietary protein. 5) After growing and digestion trials, the body composition of rats was constant among all treatments. Significantly high negative correlation coefficient (r = -0.77) was found between the body fat content and the body moisture content. Consequently, this study suggests that meal- fed group on 20 and 30% casein diets has shown more effective utilization of the ingested food and energy than ad libitum group, and increasing tendency of weight gain and the body fat deposition. Those influences of meal feeding pattern in rats were more effective on the casein diet than on the ISP diet.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2010

In this paper, we have described a simple CPW-fed UWB antenna for wireless UWB communication. The proposed antenna consists of two symmetrical strips having two steps and CPW feeding. Two techniques(symmetrical structure, two steps) are used to produce good low-dispersion and impedance matching. The proposed UWB antenna has an omni directional radiation pattern, compact size, low dispersion, and low cost.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2015

This paper proposes a reconfigurable square-patch antenna with polarization diversity. The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating patch and a Y-shaped feed structure with two PIN diodes. The shape of the feed structure can be changed by adjusting the bias states of the two PIN diodes, which helps switch between two orthogonal linear polarizations. The polarization diversity characteristic is validated by the simulated current distribution and the measured radiation pattern.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.309-313
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• 1998

We found some larvae of non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) that Injured rice crops by feeding on seeds and/or roots in the reclaimed rice fields in Seosan, Chungchongnam-do, Korea, in May 1997, Four instar larvae were collected and reared in the laboratory. This pest species of the rice plant was identified as a new species of Cricotopus, similar to C. sylvestris. The main differences are the color pattern of the abdominal tergites. Both adult and immature stages of the new species are described with illustrations.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2013

This study investigated the impact of the fire disturbance and the pattern of recovery of soil dwelling oribatid mite communities with respect to the resilience from the fire disturbance. Oribatid mites are important decomposer animals of plant debris in soil with the feeding habits of saprophagy and mycophagy. Massive wild fire reduced soil oribatid mite abundance and diversity. The impact varied relative to the intensity of the disturbance. The proportion of the species common to the non-disturbed natural site increased as the time after the disturbance elapsed, which implying some degree of naturalness occurring in reorganization phase of the oribatid mite community. From the sites with different degree of fire impact, we found higher diversity in intermediately disturbed sites than in severely disturbed or non-disturbed site, supporting the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Also this study showed that with differential degree of disturbance plots, resilience pattern after the disturbance can be explored even with shorter period research relative to the ecological succession of community.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2002

The bed combustion in an incinerator interacts with the gas flow region through heat and mass transfer. Combined bed combustion and gas flow simulations are performed to investigate this coupled interaction for various operating conditions and furnace configurations. Radiation onto the bed from the furnace is interrelated with the combustion characteristics in the bed, and is also affected by the flow pattern in the gas flow region. Since the contribution of gaseous emission to the total radiation is significant, an adequate flow pattern in a well-designed furnace shape would lead to an increased heat influx on the bed, especially in the early stage of the waste combustion. Advancing the initiation point of the waste combustion can also reduce the size of the lower gas temperature region above the bed, which can be achieved by controlling operating conditions such as the waste feeding rate, the bed height and the primary air flow distribution.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.291-293
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• 1997

A new quadrature RF coil is designed for Breast MR Imaging. Quadrature RF coils for MRI have been useful to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by "$\sqrt{2}$" using two orthogonal RF coils in combination. A modified Breast Quadrature coil is designed. It is a modified type of the high-pass birdcage coil. To reduce the field distortion, by using current feeding, the field pattern is optimized to achieve a quadrature circularly-polarized field pattern. The coil has been implemented for receive-only mode, and tested by phantom imaging. The experimental results show the utility of the proposed RF coil.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.4 s.141
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• pp.271-276
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• 2005

To investigate feeding behaviour of the greenpeach aphid (Myzus persicae) on several plants, DC electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique was used. We chose 5 plants including pepper, melon, cabbage, radish, and eggplant which were known as major host Plants of this species. This study was focused whether feeding patterns of the aphid were different and which plants would be the most preferable among 5 host plants. The time from initial proboscis contact with a each leaf until the first electrical contact, as a measure of the time taken for the stylet penetration, the time from electrical contact to the first potential drop as a time consumed until intracellular sampling, the number of potential drops per an hour during periods of regular intercellular pathway probing, and the time from electrical contact to tile first phloem specific pattern indicating the time taken to reach and attempt to feed upon the phloem were analysed. As a result, except the number of potential drop, there was no significant differency of feeding patterns among 5 plants. However, the feeding patterns related on host acceptability were observed more frequently from Pepper, radish, and e99r1an1 than melon and cabbage.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.401-408
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• 2007

The feeding behaviors of 2 biotypes (type B and Q) of tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tobaci, were monitored using EPG technique on tomato and pepper plants treated 3 insecticides for controlling whiteflies, for examples, acetamiprid, spinosad and thiamethoxam. After treatment of three insecticides with recommended concentrations to tomato and pepper plants, EPG waveforms were recorded during 6 hours. The characteristic patterns of feeding behaviors investigated were as follows; time consumed by withdrawal of proboscis, total non-penetration time, total stylet pathway pattern time and total phloem feeding time. There was somewhat difference among 3 insecticides tested. As a result of investigation of total duration showed the stylet pathway activity due to the reaction against all tested insecticides, the Q biotype showed fewer time than those from the B biotype. The B biotype showed more frequent stylet pathway activity patterns during whole recording time and a shorter phloem ingestion time than those from the Q biotype. In result of prior up (non-penetration) time representing the reaction against the insecticide treated, the time of B biotype was more faster than that of the Q biotype, so it was considered that the B biotype was more sensitive to the tested insecticides. Therefore, our results revealed a clear difference in feeding behaviour between the B and Q biotypes of B. tabaci. Also, it was investigated that B biotype was susceptible to the 3 insecticides.