• 제목/요약/키워드: Feed waste

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Reduction of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Livestock Waste A Major Priority for Intensive Animal Production - Review -

  • Yano, F.;Nakajima, T.;Matsuda, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.651-656
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    • 1999
  • In current animal production in Japan, a large surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus is given to animals as their feed which are mostly imported from outside of our own country. Today, an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal manure has been spread out of the area of animal production and the surroundings. These components have become the major reason for eutrophication of ground, surface and inland water. Nutritional studies for the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus from animal waste has been done by many researchers. The reduction of excess protein in animal feed and the supplementation of deficient essential amino acids to feed have a possibility to increase the biological value of feed and to reduce nitrogen excretion, especially, via urine. The use of phytase activity to degrade phytate and to release utilizable inorganic phosphorus make it possible to cut an excess supply of feed additive inorganic phosphorus and to reduce phosphorus excretion from animal waste.

Effects of Wet Feeding of Diets with or without Food Waste on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Finishing Pigs

  • Moon, J.S.;Kwon, I.K.;Chae, B.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.504-510
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    • 2004
  • Two experiments were conducted. In expt. 1, a total of fifty-four pigs (L$\times$Y$\times$D, 56.14$\pm$1.7 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of a commercial-type diet without food waste (FW). Treatments were dry (Control), wet (WF) and wet+dry feeding (WDF). For wet feeding, the diet was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:2.5 (feed:water). A wet feed was given during the whole experimental period for the WF group, but the dry feed was given during the finisher period for the WDF group. In expt. 2, a total of fifty-four pigs(L$\times$Y$\times$D, 55.7$\pm$1.8 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of FW. Treatments were a commercial-type dry (Control), wet fermented food waste (WFFW) and WFFW+dry feeding (WFFW+DF). For wet feeding of fermented food waste, however, some ingredients (concentrate) were added to make nutrient contents comparable to the control diet. The FW collected was ground ($\leq$5 mm), heated with a steam jacket (140$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$) and fermented with probiotics for one day in a steel container at 30-40$^{\circ}C$. For the WFFW group, the wet feed was given during the whole experimental period, but a dry feed was given during finisher period for the WFFW+DF group. In expt. 1, during the grower period, pigs fed wet feed showed higher average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed only dry feed (p<0.05). During the finisher period, pigs in the WDF group showed better ADG and FCR than the control group. During the entire experimental period, pigs in the WDF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control group, and the same trend was found in FCR. Also, dressing percentage, backfat thickness, lean %, and pork color were not affected by the wet feeding of diets in this study. In expt. 2, during the grower period, pigs fed diets containing FW showed lower (p<0.05) ADG than those fed the control diet. But FCR was better (p<0.05) in pigs fed FW than in the control group. During the finisher period, pigs in the WFFW+DF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control and WFFW groups. During the entire experimental period, pigs fed the control diet showed better ADG (p<0.05) than those fed FW, but feed intake and FCR were vice versa. Dressing percentage was lower (p<0.05) in the WFFW than in the control group, but backfat was thinner in the WFFW group than in the control group. In summary, it can be concluded that wet feeding of formula feed can improve daily gain, however, feeding fermented wet food waste may reduce daily gain of finishing pigs, even though it was fermented and the nutrient was fortified with concentrates. In addition, dry feeding of a formula feed during the finishing period can improve daily gain in pigs fed a wet feed with or without food waste during the grower period.

남은 음식물발효사료가 산란계의 난생산성과 계란품질에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Feeding Fermented Food waste on the Egg Production and Egg Quality in Laying Hen)

  • 정승헌;이상락;김철;안정제;맹원재;권윤정
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2000
  • An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding fermented food waste on the egg production and egg qualities in laying hens. A lot of 30 commercial layer(ISA Brown) at the age 58 weeks were placed in individual of 80% commercial feed and 20% fermented food waste(C80%+F20%), a mixture of 50% commercial feed and 50% fermented food waste (C50%+F50%), and a mixture of 20% commercial feed and 80% fermented food waste (C20%+F80%). Daily measurements were made on feed intake, egg production rate, egg weight, yolk color, Haugh unit, shell color during the experimental period. At the end of the experiment, body weight change and egg cholesterol contents were determined. The results indicate that up to 50% of basal diet could be supplied by fermented food waste with little depression in feed intake and efficiency in egg production (p<0.01). Egg weight, egg shell thickness and Haugh units were not significant different between the treatments and the control. Egg color quality improved with increasing the proportion of the fermented food waste in the diet.

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표고 재배(栽培) 폐재(廢材)의 사료화(飼料化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Studies on the feeding value of the waste wood of Leniinus eddodes)

  • 김법회;이택원;민두식;김내수
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 1978
  • In order to determine the feeding value of t:1e waste wood of Lentinus eddodes, the waste wood was milled and treated with $Ca(OH)_2$ and cellulase, then raw waste wood and the treated waste wood were fed to broiler chicken and Korean native goates. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The chemical composition of the waste wood was c. protein 2.26%. c. fat 2.57%. c. fiber 44.60 and c. ash 5.58%. No differences were detected between the raw waste wood and $Ca(OH)_2$ or cellulase treated waste wood in chemical composition. 2. In amino acid composition. no cystine and methionine was showed, but trace amount of Vitamin A, $B_1$, and $B_2$, and cholin chloride were detected. 3. Trichoderma viride SANK. No. 16374 was used to decompose the cellulose. 4. In broiler performance, when waste wood meal was subsituted for 5% wheat bran, no adverse effect was showed on weight gain, feed in take and feed efficiency. But $Ca(OH)_2$ and cellulase treated waste wood meal could be subsituted for 8% wheat bran. 5. In Korean native goat performance, feeding waste wood meal subsituted by 50% various bran (25% defatted rice bran and 25% barley bran) had no adverse effect on growth and feed efficiency. 6. Considering the above results, though the waste wood meal could be replaced to part of various bran, there was a bottle-neck to process the waste wood. The waste wood of Lentinus edodes was little feeding value on bed of ruminant.

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Methane Production Potential of Food Waste and Food Waste Mixture with Swine Manure in Anaerobic Digestion

  • Islam, Mohammad Nazrul;Park, Keum-Joo;Yoon, Hyung-Sun
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.100-105
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: Methane production potential in aerobic digestion was assessed according to feed to inoculum (F/I) ratio for food waste only, and mixing ratio of two materials for food waste and swine manure to give a basic data for the design of anaerobic digestion system. Methods: Anaerbic digestion test was performed using a lab scale batch reactor at $35^{\circ}C$ for six different feed to inoculum (F/I) ratios (0.50, 0.72, 1.14, 1.50, 2.14 and 3.41), three food waste to swine manure ratios (100:0, 60:40 and 40:60) with two different loading concentrations (10g VS/L and 30g VS/L). Results: For food waste only, the highest biogas yield of 1008 mL/gVS was obtained at 0.50 of F/I. For the co-digestion of food waste and swine manure mixture, the highest biogas yield of 1148 mL/gVS was obtained at a mixing ratio of 40:60 with loading concentration of 10g VS/L. Conclusions: F/I ratio for the food waste only, mixing ratio of food waste and swine manure, and co-substrate loading rate affected the biogas production rate. For the low loading rate, there was not so much difference according to the mixing ratio of food waste and swine manure, but for the high loading rate higher biogas yield was acquired for the co-digestion of food waste and swine manure than for the food waste alone (mixing ratio, 100:0).

Biological Estimation of Waste Products from Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Fed on Three Different Feed Types

  • Lee, Jin-Hwan;Jo, Jae-Yoon;Lee, Sang-Min;Cho, Sung-Hwoan;Hutabarat, Johannes;Spj, Nur Taufiq
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.317-323
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    • 2009
  • Waste products were biologically estimated from juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) on three diet types-raw fish-based moist pellets, moist pellets, and extruded pellets. Total solid and soluble wastes were estimated by determining nutrient digestibility and accumulation in juvenile flounders through growth trials. Total solid wastes produced were 20%-23% of the organic matter supplied. Soluble excretions ranged from 45% to 49%. Soluble nitrogenous excretions ranged from 36.4% to 46.2%. These results indicate that about 30.2%-35.9% of supplied feed is retained in the fishes' bodies while the remainder of feed is excreted into culture systems or the surrounding environment.

고속건조기에 의한 수산폐기물 완전처리장치 개발 (Development of Perfect Recycling Equipment for Sea Fish Waste)

  • 한두희
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.614-619
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    • 2010
  • 수산시장이나 어항에서 발생하는 수산폐기물을 수거하여 처리하는 과정은 긴 시간과 불결한 처리로 악취발생 및 비위생적인 면이 많아 민원의 대상이 되어 왔다. 이것을 수거하여 완전 처리하는 기술을 적용하면 비위생에 대한 민원이 없어지고 자원재활용의 비율을 확실히 높일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 지방과 단백질이 풍부한 수산폐기물을 증류건조시켜, 고형물은 가축사료로 활용하고 응축수는 탈취제나 하수처리장의 외부탄소원으로 활용하는 완전 재활용공법을 소개한다.

대도시 음시물쓰레기 재활용 방안 평가 (The Assessment of Recyc1ing of Garbage Discharged from Metropolitan City)

  • 홍상표
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 1999
  • Community residents are tend to evade waste treatment facilities such as waste landfills, waste incinerators. Therefore, decision-makers of waste management are concerned about the reduction and recycling of food garbage. As a treatment alternative of food garbage which consists of 30% of municipal waste, producing compost and feed stuff from food garbage is environmentally amenable. In considering the characteristics of food garbage are putrid and high moisturized, methods of landfilling and incineration for food garbage are environmentally inadequate. For the institutionalization of food garbage recycling, separate discharge, establishment of collection system, securing of market for compost and feed stuff manufactured from food garbage, and tax and financial incentives for food garbage recycling facilities are necessary.

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Vermicomposting 에 의한 유기성 폐기물의 처리 (Treatment of Organic Waste by Vermicomposting)

  • 조익환;이주삼;전하준
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.125-135
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    • 1996
  • A study was made to investigate the possibility of treating various organic waste of cattle manure, swine manure, goat manure, apple pomace, chinese medicine residue and coffee less by feeding these to earthworms and then by studying the growth and reproductive efficiency of earthworms, and the chemical composition of worm cast and its production. The results are summarized as follows. 1. When the feed for earthworms were in good condition which were cattle manure, swine manure and apple pomace, the reproductive efficiency of earthworms was improved however in worse condition the feed of which were goat manure and chinese medicine residue, the increasing rate(IR) became faster. 2. Despite the high content of organic matter(OM) in coffee lees, the earthworms fed coffee lees showed significantly lower reproductive efficiency and increasing rate(IR) than those fed other organic waste due mainly to its lower pH and lower total nitrogen(TN) content. Therefore, when coffee lees is considered to be fed to earthworms, it is believed necessary to be mixed with addiveves or other organic waste in order to improve the feed condition. 3. pH in swine manure, goat manure, apple pomace, chinese medicine residue and coffee lees became neutralized by being fed by earthworms. 4. Available P2O5 and exchangeable cation(EC) of earthworm cast were a little increased compared to those of feed. The contents of Mn, Fe and Cu in earthworm cast were a little decreased to compared to those of feed. 5. The contents of Mn, Fe and Cu in earthworm cast were a little a decreased to compared to those of feed. 6. Mean fresh weight of earthworm at final time(FW2) was negatively correlated with number of young worms(NY)(P<0.01), but positively with increasing rate(IR) (P<0.001) and C/N ratio(P<0.05) respectively. Number of cocoons (NC) and fresh weight of cocoons(WC) were positively(P<0.01) correlated with fresh weight of young worms (WY) and digested matter(DI) but negatively(P<0.001) correlated with residual matter(WY) and digested matter(DI) but negatively(P<0.001) correlated with residual matter(RW). Number of young worms(NY) and fresh weigh of young worms(WY) were negatively(P<0.001) correlated with increasing rate(IR), however increasing rate(IR) of earthworm was positively(P<0.05) correlatedd with C/N ratio.

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폐액 중 프로필 글리콜 모노메틸 에테르 아세테이트(PGMEA) 회수하는 증류공정에서 회귀분석을 이용한 공정 최적화 (Process Optimization Using Regression Analysis of Distillation Processes for the Recovery of Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate (PGMEA) Containing Waste Organic Solvent)

  • 최용석;변헌수
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제53권2호
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    • pp.181-192
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) 세척 후 발생하는 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate (PGMEA)폐액 재활용을 위한 2기 증류탑을 사용하는 공정의 최적 조건을 산출하였다. 공정조건 최적화 기법으로 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 1차 증류 시 Bottom 온도(BTM 온도), Reflux 량, Feed 량 및 Feed 온도에 따라 PGMEA 함량에 대한 최적 조건과 2차 증류 시 BTM 온도, Reflux 량, Feed 량에 따른 PGMEA 함량에 대한 최적 조건과 공정인자를 산출하였다. 1차 증류탑의 공정인자 중 Reflux 량, Feed 온도 및 Feed 량이 중요한 인자로 산출되었다. 본 연구의 공정조건 범위에서는 BTM 온도범위가 PGMEA함량에 크게 영향을 주지 못하였다. 따라서 최적 공정 조건은 Feed 량 $5,700{\ell}$, Reflux 량 $2,500{\ell}$, BTM 온도 $165^{\circ}C$ 및 Feed 온도 $130^{\circ}C$이며 이때 예측된 PGMEA 함량은 92.12~94.62%로 산출되었다. 2차 증류탑에서는 Reflux 량이 함량에 많은 영향을 미치고 있으며, Feed 량과 BTM 온도도 영향을 미치는 인자로 산출되었다. 다중공선성(Multicollinearity)이 Reflux 량과 BTM 온도 간에 강한 양의 상관관계가 있어, 두 인자 중 다중회귀식에 영향이 지배적인 인자 하나를 선택하였으며, 최적조건은 BTM 온도 $199^{\circ}C$ 기준에서 최적 공정 조건은 Feed 량 $4,275{\ell}$ 및 Reflux 량 $6,200{\ell}$이며, 이때 예측 PGMEA 함량은 99.0~99.5%로 산출되었다.