• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 2003년도 제19회 학술대회
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• pp.182-182
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• 2003

Objectives : The methods to treat glottic incompetence include thyroplasty type I, arytenoid abduction, and intracordal injection using various materials. The intracordal injection is easy and simple and does not require skin incision. In general, the grafted cartilage shows a high survival rate, a low absorption rate and small voluminous change. The authors performed injection of minced autologous auricular cartilage and fat using a Bruning injector in unilateral vocal cord palsy We evaluate the effect and safety of autologous auricular cartilage intracordal injection. Study Design : Retrospective study. Methods : Auricular cartilage was obtained by incising tragus vertically and it was minced with a scalpel and #15 blade. About 2g of abdominal fat was obtained by small periumbrical incision and cut into small pieces. The minced cartilage was put into a 1$m\ell$ injector and then the injector was filled with fat. The operation was conducted under laryngeal microscope. Minced cartilage was injected into the vocalis muscle at the junction of the middle and posterior third of the vocal fold. In three cases, we performed autologous cartilage intracordal injection. Results : We observed no postoperative complications, such as dyspnea, granulation, inflammation, in any of the cases. The voice was improved compared with the voice prior to operation in all cases. Conclusion : Although the cases are still limited and the observation period is short, we suggest that the autologous cartilage using the auricular cartilage is the ideal and new effective augmentative material in vocal cord palsy.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.224-238
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• 1992

간 섬유화에서 fat-storing cell의 변화를 미세 구조학적 측면에서 관찰하고자, 사염화탄소를 mineral oil에 녹여 1 : 1로 회석한 후 Kg당 0.5 ml의 용량을 주 2회씩 12주간 흰쥐에 복강 주입하였다. 실험기간 동안 1주 간격으로 도살하고, 적출된 간조직을 광학현미경과 연역조직화학적 검사 및 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 광학현미경적 소견상 소엽 중심주의 염증 반응 및 세포 침윤 현상은 사염화탄소 투여 후 1주부터 나타나서 4주 째 가장 심하였으며, 이시기에 desmin염색 반응 양성세포의 수도 증가되었다. 괴사 및 섬유화는 2주부터 나타나기 시작하여 6주부터 결절이 형성되기 시작하였고 괴사성 병변은 8주까지 지속되었다. 그러나 세포 침윤 정도는 감소되면서 desmin에 대한 반응성도 낮아졌고, 경변성 변화는 10주 이후부터 나타났다. 전자현미경적 소견상 fat-storing cell의 숫적 증가는 1주부터 관찰되었으며 지방적이 감소하고 rER이 팽창된 이행세포는 2주째 출현하여 4주에 가장 현저히 증가되었다. 섬유아세포는 3주부터 나타나기 시작하였는데, rER이 확장되었으며 지방적은 없거나 1-2개의 소적이 세포돌기에서 관찰되었다. 섬유화가 진행됨에 따라 이행세포 및 fat-storing cell은 감소하고 섬유아세포는 증가된 상태를 유지하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 fat-storing cell은 간섬유화 과정에서 활성화되고 증식하여 형태학적으로 이행세포 및 섬유아세포로 전환함으로써, 정지상태에 있는 섬유아세포의 전구체로서 간섬유화에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한융합한의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2021

Objectives: Excessive accumulation of fat on specific region, regarded as localized fat, is one of the serious problems and well-known risk factors of health. Recently, an interest in health and aesthetics is growing by treating lipolytic injection. Polygonatum sibiricum Rehd (PS) has been known to have anti-oxidant, -aging and -atherosclerotic effects. In this study, we investigated the lipolytic effects of PS pharmacopuncture in obese mice. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice was fed with high fat diet to induce obesity for 12 weeks. PS pharmacopuncture was dissolved in saline by adjusting pH 7. 100 μL of PS pharmacopunture was injected subcutaneously into the left side inguinal fat pad, while saline was injected into the right side inguinal fat pad in mice as self-control. Samples were treated 3 times per weeks for 2 weeks. Results: PS pharmacopunture significantly decreased the inguinal fat weight compared to left side inguinal fat pad. Decrease rate of PS pharmacopuncture was about 21%. In addition, the diameter of adipocyte in inguinal fat tissues was significantly reduced by 17% compared to saline-injected side. There was no sign of toxicity through whole experiments. Conclusion: The present study indiates that PS pharmacopunture could be a material derived from natural herb as a lipolytic injection for decreasing localized fat.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1993

We attempted in this study to understand the hypoglycemic action of the fat soluble fraction of red ginseng roots in streptozotocin injected diabetic rats, through its actions on several enzymes relating to carbohydrate metabolism of the 1eve1 to compare with those of ginsenosides in streptozotocin injected diabetic rats. It was realized that the increased level of glucose, ketone bodies, lactate, nonesterified fatty acids and triacylglycerol in blood was significantly decreased and the decreased liver glycogen content of streptozotocin injected rats were appreciably moderated by intraperitoneal injection of the fat soluble fraction of red ginseng roots as shown in the saponin injected diabetic rats. The deceased activities of liver enzymes relating to carbohydrate metabolism such as phosphofructokinase, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and acetyl CoA carboxylase of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were also sufficiently modified by the intraperitoneal injection of the above fat soluble fraction as shown in the ginsenoside injected streptozotocin induced rats.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2018

Clarification is needed regarding the definitions and classification of groove and hollowness of the infraorbital region depending on the cause, anatomical characteristics, and appearance. Grooves in the infraorbital region can be classified as nasojugal grooves (or folds), tear trough deformities, and palpebromalar grooves; these can be differentiated based on anatomical characteristics. They are caused by the herniation of intraorbital fat, atrophy of the skin and subcutaneous fat, contraction of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi muscle or squinting, and malar bone resorption. Safe and successful treatment requires an optimal choice of filler and treatment method. The choice between a cannula and needle depends on various factors; a needle is better for injections into a subdermal area in a relatively safe plane, while a cannula is recommended for avoiding vascular compromise when injecting filler into a deep fat layer and releasing fibrotic ligamentous structures. The injection of a soft-tissue filler into the subcutaneous fat tissue is recommended for treating mild indentations around the orbital rim and nasojugal region. Reducing the tethering effect of ligamentous structures by undermining using a cannula prior to the filler injection is recommended for treating relatively deep and fine indentations. The treatment of mild prolapse of the intraorbital septal fat or broad flattening of the infraorbital region can be improved by restoring the volume deficiency using a relatively firm filler.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.423-426
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• 2006

Purpose: In the autologous fat injection, the centrifugation is useful for the refinement of harvested fat. As it can be an injury to the fat cell, we studied the fat cell viability with the change of centrifugation velocity and centrifugation time in order to get the limits of centrifugation velocity and centrifugation time. Methods: We used the Colman System in 8 patients. We handled the control group with no centrifugation, group I with the centrifugation with 1500rpm for 1 minute, group II with 1500 rpm for 3 minutes, group III with 1500rpm for 5 minutes, group IV with 3000rpm for 1 minute, group V with 3000rpm for 3 minutes, group VI with 3000rpm for 5 minutes, group VII with 5000rpm for 1 minute, group VIII with 5000rpm for 3 minutes, group IX with 5000rpm for 5 minutes. We used the collagenase to separate the fat tissue. We had evaluated the fat cell viability by checking survival cell counts. Results: There was no significance in group I, II, IV, V, but there was significant difference in group III, VI, VII, VIII, IX. Conclusion: The centrifugation with 3000rpm for 3 minutes is recommendable.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this research is to develop new animal-experimental model for Sasang Constitutional Medicine, especially for partial Taeyangin(one of four constitution which has good pulmonary function and poor hepatic function) by AAP intraperitoneal injection, and to estimate from the viewpoint of obesity and lipid metabolism. Methods: The C57bl/6J mice was divided into 4 groups ; Normal group, AAP group, High-Fat-Diet(HFD) group, and HFD+AAP group. 200mg AAP was injected intraperitoneally to the AAP group twice a week for six weeks, and HFD group was fed with 60%-High-fat Diet for six weeks. HFD+AAP group got both AAP injection and 60%-High-fat Diet at the same time for the same period. In this period, We measured the weight and Food Efficiency Ratio(FER, %) once a week. After six weeks, We conducted the blood chemical test from the groups, and extracted the fat tissue to measure weight. Results & conclusion: In the liver function test, two AAP groups had higher AST and ALP, and normal LDH. The blood level of creatinine from all groups were normal. The rate in weight was lesser by 7.8% in HFD+AAP group, and had lesser FER than HFD group. Also They had lesser Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and had more HDL cholesterol than HFD group. HFD+AAP group hadmore glucose in serum and lesser Insulin-like Growth Factor 1(IGF-1) than HFD group.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.462-468
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• 2009

Purpose: The liposuction has been generalized & undergone in the field of plastic surgery and it has had a great influence on fat graft. But despite of liposuction and fat injection being performed widely, we did not focus on complication associated with donor site. So we reported satisfactory result with the intraoperative sustained limited expansion & direct closure to donor site tissue necrosis after liposuction and analyzed the cause & measures of donor site necrosis with the literature investigation Methods: From November 2007 to June 2008, we treated four cases of tissue necrosis and infection surrounding the thigh and forearm. Necrosis after liposuction was 1 case, donor site necrosis after fat injection were 3 cases and MRSA was detected in 2 cases. first, we debrided the necrotic tissue and treated with potadine gauze soaking dressing & susceptible antibiotics. After confirmation of healthy granulation tissue, we used intraoperative sustained limited expansion and closed directly of defect & observed the results. Results: The patient was displeased and worried with the unexpected damage concerning the donor site and the procedure concerning time and financial exhaustion, but after confirming no contracture of the scar tissues and only a thin or slightly widened line of scar, showed satisfaction. Conclusion: Because it is fastidious to avoid donor site complication after liposuction & fat injection, enough explanation and understanding on possible complication to donor site are necessary and careful surgery procedure & materials are required. But if donor site necrosis were occurred although close consideration of possible causes of necrosis, we should think about not only wound healing process but also the sequela like scar contracture & cosmetic effect and treat the most adequate method to satisfying both concerns.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2022

Aqualyx (Marllor International Ltd, Rimini, Italy) was originally developed in Italy by Professor Pasquale Motolese and has been commercially available since 2009. It is a deoxycholate, aqueous gelatinous solution mixed with saline and buffering compounds. It is the only drug approved by the European Union for the reduction in localized fat. Aqualyx is sold exclusively to doctors and nurses trained in intralipotherapy. In the case of our patient, the product administered was advertised as Aqualyx, but was not administered by a trained health professional and was administered too superficially. The patient developed severe pain following the injection and was unable to sit for several weeks. There was localized skin necrosis, and palpable collections where the injection was administered. Our initial suspicion was development of an abscess or hematoma. To characterize further, we arranged an ultrasound scan that showed a "superficial hypoechoic lesion" but no deeper infection or spread. The numerous painful nodules ruptured onto the skin surface, resulting in purulent and bleeding lesions. This case demonstrates the importance of appropriate training and competence in performing cosmetic procedures including injections and fat dissolving treatments.