• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2003

This research was concentrated to Investigate the effects of Insumon as a newly developed dietary supplement in patients with type 2 diabetes. The average glycated hemoglobin level was dropped from 7.0${\pm}$1.1％ to 6.7${\pm}$0.9％ after 8 weeks with statistic significance (p＝0.0202). For patients of HbA1c over 7％, the average HbA1c significantly decreased from 8.1${\pm}$0.8％ to 7.5${\pm}$0.8％ (p＝0.0171). The average fasting blood glucose level was decreased significantly from 9.5${\pm}$1.2 mmol/L (171.6${\pm}$22.3 mg/dL) to 8.5${\pm}$1.5 mmol/L (152.3${\pm}$26.3 mg/dL) (p=0.0262) after 4 weeks and to 8.8${\pm}$1.5 mmol/L (158.3${\pm}$24.1 mg/dL) (p=0.0445) after 8 weeks in the group of patients of FBG of over 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL). The average HDL cholesterol level was increased significantly after 8 weeks from 1.2${\pm}$0.2 mmol/L (46.5${\pm}$8.6 mg/dL) to 1.3${\pm}$0.3 mmol/L (51.6${\pm}$10.9 mg/dL) (p=0.0007). Thus, these results suggested that patients with type 2 diabetes might benefit by Insumon as a herbal dietary supplement without any serious side effects.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 2001

Purpose : Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was standardized in 1979 by the National Diabetes Data Group and the World Health Organization as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, replacing groups such as 'borderline' and 'chemical' diabetes. The main clinical significance of IGT is as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and as a component of the metabolic syndrome. In 1997 the American Diabetes Association(ADA) was proposed the new classification and diagnostic criteria for diabetes, which is strict with the diagnostic baseline of Diabetes from 140mg/dl to 126mg/dl. And it's main purpose is to prevent chronic complications by early diagnosis and treatments. In the oriental medicine, Supungsunkihwan has been used in treatments of Diabetes including IGT & NIDDM, however there is not enough studies about the its objective hypoglycemic effect. so in order to investigate whether there is hypoglycemic effect of Supungsunkihwan, clinical studies were performed with IGT and mild NIDDM patients. Methods : Prior to the study, fasting blood sugar(FBS) and postprandial 2hrs(PP2hrs) glucose were checked. In addition, ECG, cholesterol, TG, HbA1c levels were measured, and the dinical characteristics of patients that can be influence to the blood sugar level such as age, gender, rest type, diet type were surveyed. Supungsukihwan was administered for 7 days, and FBS & PP2hrs were measured again after the therapy. Result : PP2hrs glucose levels were decreased by the administration of Supungsunkihwan. And It's hypoglycemic effects has the correlation with age. That is, the more age increase, the more hypoglycemic effect decrease. Conclusion : Supungsukihwan has hypoglycmic effects on IGT & mild NIDDM patients and it is more effective when administrated to young patients relatively.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.1231-1244
• /
• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to report the glucose-lowering effect and safety of herbal extracts in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: We investigated 21 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were administered Daeshiho-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, Jowiseunggi-tang, and Hoechunyanggyeok-san at Kyung-Hee University Korean Medical Hospital from 2014 to 2019. The hypoglycemic effect of the herbal extracts was assessed by comparing blood glucose levels, including fasting blood sugar (FBS) and 2-hour postprandial glucose (PP2) levels. For safety assessment, the effects of herbal extracts on liver and kidney function were analyzed by liver function tests, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and kidney function tests, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). Patients were stratified according to their glycated hemoglobin (<6.5 or >6.5) levels and the kind of herbal extract used for treatment. Results: After administration of herbal extracts, FBS and PP2 significantly decreased to 20.24 mg/dL and 35.0 mg/dL respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that, regardless of the glycated hemoglobin level, FBS and PP2 were significantly reduced in both groups. The safety profile showed no significant difference before and after taking herbal extracts. Conclusions: Daeshigo-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, Jowiseunggi-tang, and Hoechunyanggyeok-san may show the further glucose-lowering effects on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have already treated with anti-hyperglycemic agents.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.100-106
• /
• 1998

Purpose: Ceftriaxone, a potent parenteral third-generation semisynthetic cephalosporin is widely used for the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections in both children and adult. Review of recent data indicates that ceftriaxone treatment has been associated with the development of reversible biliary pseudolithiasis and that is thought by many to be a benign process. Despite, several reports describe patients with ceftriaxone pseudolithiasis who required cholecystectomy for presumed acute cholecystitis. In this study we evaluated the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of gallbladder pseudolithiasis after ceftriaxone treatment. Methods: Between march, 1997 and January, 1998, any child admitted to the Children's hospital of National University of Seoul and prescribed ceftriaxone for probable or definite bacterial infection were eligible for the study. 21 of them had ultrasound examination on the 2~12 days later after the start of ceftriaxone treatment, 8 of whom documented gallbladder precipitates or pseudolithiasis during treatment by serial abdominal ultrasound. Repeat abdominal ultrasound was performed 10~80 days later after the end of ceftriaxone treatment. The children with underlying liver disease or decreased renal function were excluded in this study. Results: 1) 21 children had ultrasound examinations of gallbladder during ceftriaxone treatment and 8 (38%) of them acquired pseudolithiasis. 2) The patients who developed gallbladder pseudolithiasis were significantly older ($6.3{\pm}2.9$ yr. vs $2.2{\pm}3.1$ yr.)(p<0.05), and older than 24 months were probably the significant risk associated with this phenomenon (p<0.05). However, no significant differences in sex, type of infection, fasting, and ceftriaxone treatment regimen (dose, duration of therapy). 3) The abnormality found on gallbladder ultrasonography was a strikingly hyperechogenic material with post-acoustic shadowing in 5 patients without post-acoustic shadowing in 3 patients 4) Follow up of gallbladder ultrasound was performed in 6 patients after cessation of ceftriaxone treatment. Sonographic abnormalities completely resolved within 14 days post cessation of therapy in 2 patients; 30 days, 1 patient; 80 days, 3 patients. Conclusions: We suggest that routine abdominal ultrasound should be considered in all children who received high dose ceftriaxone in more than 24 months of age and developed hepatobiliary symptoms during or just after ceftriaxone treatment.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Preterm infants are very susceptible to malnutrition because of a lack of storage of nutrients, immature digestion and metabolism, and accompanying diseases associated with prematurity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutritional support by the pediatric nutritional support team (pNST) on the clinical course of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: Between July 2003 and July 2006, 48 preterm infants who were admitted to the NICU at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were included. The subjects were divided into the following two subgroups according to the presence of NST activity; pre-NST group (n=23) and NST group (n=25). Hospital records were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Forty-eight preterm babies were included (M：F=27：21; gestational age, 25~33 weeks). A dietician, pharmacists, or the pNST participated in the prescription of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) more rapidly in the NST group (p=0.000). The fasting periods and TPN administration periods were significantly decreased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.017 & p=0.001, respectively). The doses of calories, protein, and lipids administered via TPN were significantly increased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.016, p=0.000, and p=0.000, respectively). The total period on antibiotic therapy was significantly decreased in the NST group compared to the pre-NST group (p=0.007). Conclusion: Because nutritional support by the pNST is of benefit to the clinical course of preterm infants in the NICU, the pNST should recommend to improve the nutritional status and clinical outcome of preterm infants.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.39 no.7
• /
• pp.624-640
• /
• 2006

Dialysis patients are at risk of malnutrition not only because of losses of nutrients during peritoneal dialysis but also because of anorexia that results in inadequate nutrient intakes. The aim of this study was to estimate the nutritional status of 154 patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), especially focused on protein-energy malnutrition and vitamin and mineral status. The mean age of the subjects was $5.12\;{\pm}\;12.4\;y$ with educational years of $12.3\;{\pm}\;0.4\;y$ for male and $9.6\;{\pm}\;0.4\;y$ for female. The mean duration of dialysis was $22.7\;{\pm}\;21.7\;mo$. The causes of renal failure included diabetes (32.7), chronic glomerulonephritis (15.0%), and hypertension (8.5%). The main complications associated with chronic renal failure were hypertension (86.1%), diabetes (35.4%) and liver disease (9.0%). The mean daily energy intake was $1216.8\;{\pm}\;457.3\;kcal$ and increased to $1509.2\;{\pm}\;457.2\;kcal$ when added with the energy from dextrose in dialysate. The latter was still much lower than estimated energy requirement but energy intake per kg of body weight (28.1 kcal/1 g) was within the range of that recommended for CAPD patients' diet therapy (25 - 30 kcal/kg). The average daily intake of protein was $49.2\;{\pm}\;25.1\;g$ with 37.6% of the patients showing their intakes less than Estimated Average Requirement. The average protein intake per kg of weight was 0.9 g/kg, which is less than that recommended for CAPD patients (1.2-1.5g/kg) with mean serum albumin level $3.2\;{\pm}\;0.5\;g/dl$. The proportion of the patients with dietary calcium intake less than EAR was 90.9%, but when added with supplementary calcium (phosphorus binder), most patients showed their total calcium intake between EAR and UL. Fifty percent of the patients were observed with dietary iron intake less than EAR, however most patients revealed their total iron intake with supplementation above UL. The addition of folic acid with supplementation increased mean total folic intake to $1126.0\;{\pm}\;152.4\;{\mu}g$ and ninety eight percent of the subjects showed their total folic acid intake above UL. The prevalence of anemia was 83.1 % assessed with hemoglobin level, even with high intakes of iron with supplementation. Thirty four percent of the patients showed their fasting blood glucose was not under control $(\geq\;126\;mg/dl)$ even with medication or insulin probably due to dextrose from dialysate. The mean blood lipid levels were within the reference levels of hyperlipidemia, but with 72.1 % of the patients showing lower HDL-C. In conclusion, Fairly large proportion of the patients were observed with protein malnutrition with low intake of protein and serum albumin level. Few patients showed their vitamins and minerals intake less than EAR with supplementation. For iron and folic acid, their intakes were increased to above UL for large proportion of he patients. However, more than eighty percent of the patients were still anemic associated with decreased renal function. The serum blood glucose and lipid level were not under control for some patients with medication. It seems that supplementation and medications that patients are taking should be considered for dietary consulting of CAPD patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.561-570
• /
• 2008

This study aimed to determine the effects of freeze-dried onion powder (OP) which contains rich in quercetin (22 mg/10 g) on hyperlipidemic participants. Fourteen participants (total cholesterol level in plasma $270.8{\pm}21.4mg/dL$) $40{\sim}59$ years of age who were diagnosed as hyperlipidemia by a physician at Fatima Hospital in Changwon took part in this study for 12 weeks. We investigated the anthropometric data and dietary habit by using questionnaires. Also, blood samples were collected from the patients in fasting before and after this 12 weeks intervention study. 78.6% of the patients showed interest in health diet management and weight control; however, they also showed some problems in their dietary habit (meal irregularity, food choice, calorie nutrient balance, high fat and cholesterol etc.) and life style (smoking, eating out, alcohol intake) that could have adverse effect on hyperlipidemic therapy. Most participants (85.7%) thought that OP was good for their health. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol significantly decreased with OP intake. The HDL-cholesterol increased and the Atherogenic index (AI) significantly decreased. Regarding the correlations of dietary habit and life style with anthropometric and biochemical factors, the alcohol intake level was significantly correlated with the frequency of eating out and body mass index (BMI). Exercise level showed positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol and negative correlation with atherogenic index (AI). These results suggest that the intake of polyphenol rich onion may decrease the risk of hyperlipidemia by reducing cholesterol level. We consider these hypolipidemic effects of OP as a possible functional food. However, further research such as a well designed longterm clinical study with experimental and placebo groups is needed.