• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.923-929
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• 1994

The effects of vitamin B6 deficiency on energy utilization during fasting or underfeeding were studied in rats. Fifteen rats were fed a vitamin B6 deficient(-B6) diet and another 15 rats wee fed a control (+B6) diet. These rats were fed for 5 weeks with respective diet, and then subdivided into 3 groups : non-fasted group, fasted group, underfed group. Rats of the fasted group were fasted for 3 days and those of underfed group for 6 days. At the respective time (non-fast, 3 day-fast, 6 day-underfeed at 5 weeks), animals were sacrificed. Feed efficiency ratio of - B6 rats was significantly lower than that of +B6 rats. In - B6 rats, the liver and kidney weights were significantly heavier than those of +B6 rats but spleen and heart weights were not. In non-fasted group, liver protein and triglyceride level of - B6 rats were significantly higher than that of +B6 rats. After - B6 rats were fasted for 3 days, plasma free fatty acid level was significantly lower but liver glycogen level was higher than that of +B6 rats and muscle protein level of +B6 was decreased while that of - B6 was not changed. Vitamin B6 deficiency had little effect on the energy utilization with 6 days underfeeding. These results suggest that vitamin B6 deficiency may impair the utilization of stored fuel during fasting.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.579-590
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of Ephedra sinica pharmacopuncture on the weight and lipid metabolism of obese mice.Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by a 60% fat diet. The animals were divided into three groups (n=5) fed a normal diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with Ephedra sinica pharmacopuncture. After 13 wk, fasting blood sugar levels were measured in each group, and oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted. After 15 wk, body weight, epididymal fat pad weight, subcutaneous fat pad weight, and serum lipid and gene expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), perilipin, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ were measured in each group.Results: In the Ephedra group, body weight, fasting blood sugar, and oral glucose tolerance were significantly decreased. In addition, in the Ephedra group, the gene expression of HSL was significantly increased, whereas that of perilipin was significantly decreased.Conclusions: These results provide evidence that E. sinicapharmacopuncture affects obesity and obesity-induced metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, by activating lipolysis via the HSL pathway in adipose tissue.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2014

최근 사람연구에서는 심부전과 관련하여 발생하는 인슐린 저항성이나 공복혈당 이상과 같은 혈당 대사 이상 중요한 예후인자로 받아들여지고 있다. 그러나 심부전이 있는 개에서 이와 관련된 연구는 매우 드물다. 따라서 본 연구는 혈당대사이상이 이첨판 폐쇄 부전증이 있는 개에서도 나타날 것이라고 가정하였다. 총 113마리의 보호자가 있는 개를 대상으로 혈중 insulin, glucagon, fructosamine, glucose 를 측정하였으며, 인슐린 저항성은 homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) score를 이용하였다. 실험결과 혈중 인슐린 농도는 심장병이 심해짐에 따라서 유의성 있게 감소함을 확인하였다. 반면, fructosamine, HOMA score, and 공복 혈당은 심부전의 심각도와 어떠한 상관성도 보이지 않았다. 인슐린 농도, fructosamine, HOMA 의 경우 body condition scores (BCS)와 양의 유의적 상관관계를 보였으나, 혈당의 경우 그러지 않았다. 심부전과 BCS와의 음의 유의적 상관관계 또한 확인 되었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 자연적으로 발생한 이첨판 폐쇄부전증에 따른 심부전 환자에서 심장 병이 심해짐에 따라서 인슐린 분비 기능이 감소함을 확인하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2011

The definite mechanism in the control of triglyceride metabolism is not well understood. Nowadays, it has been known that the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I was an important candidate for contributing to the control of triglyceride metabolism. In 298 Korean women aged 30 years or more, the genotypes of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I were statistically compared with total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to compare the odd-ratios of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus with them. The differences among the polymorphic types ($S_1S_1$, $S_1S_2$, and $S_2S_2$) were not statistically significant in the distribution of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c. There were not statistically significant in the odds ratios of the hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus, neither. Those were not statistically significant. This study did not show that there was any association between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I and various laboratory values-total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c.

• BMB Reports
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2024

The stomach has emerged as a crucial endocrine organ in the regulation of feeding since the discovery of ghrelin. Gut-derived hormones, such as ghrelin and cholecystokinin, can act through the vagus nerve. We previously reported the satiety effect of hypothalamic clusterin, but the impact of peripheral clusterin remains unknown. In this study, we administered clusterin intraperitoneally to mice and observed its ability to suppress fasting-driven food intake. Interestingly, we found its synergism with cholecystokinin and antagonism with ghrelin. These effects were accompanied by increased c-fos immunoreactivity in nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema, and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Notably, truncal vagotomy abolished this response. The stomach expressed clusterin at high levels among the organs, and gastric clusterin was detected in specific enteroendocrine cells and the submucosal plexus. Gastric clusterin expression decreased after fasting but recovered after 2 hours of refeeding. Furthermore, we confirmed that stomachspecific overexpression of clusterin reduced food intake after overnight fasting. These results suggest that gastric clusterin may function as a gut-derived peptide involved in the regulation of feeding through the gut-brain axis.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.498-510
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity, characterized by abnormal fat accumulation and metabolic disturbances, presents a significant health challenge. Opuntia humifusa Raf., commonly known as Korean Cheonnyuncho, is rich in various beneficial compounds and has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its potential impact on glucose and lipid metabolism, particularly in obese rats, remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate whether O. humifusa stems and fruits could beneficially alter glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in a rat model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. MATERIALS/METHODS: Thirty-two rats were allocated into 4 groups: normal diet (NF), HFD control (HF), HFD treated with 2% O. humifusa stems (HF-OS), and HFD treated with 2% O. humifusa fruits (HF-OF). Experimental diets were administered for 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment, liver and fat tissues were isolated, and serum was collected for biochemical analysis. The major flavonoid from O. humifusa stems and fruits was identified and quantified. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of treatment, the serum fasting glucose concentration in the HF-OS group was significantly lower than that in the HF group. Serum fasting insulin concentrations in both HF-OS and HF-OF groups tended to be lower than those in the HF group, indicating a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in the HF-OS group. Additionally, the HF-OS group exhibited a tendency towards the restoration of adiponectin levels to that of the NF group. CONCLUSION: The 2% O. humifusa stems contain abundant quercetin and isorhamnetin, which alter fasting blood glucose levels in rats fed a HFD, leading to a favorable improvement in insulin resistance.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2001년도 제53차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.276-277
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• 2001

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oral supplementation of alanine and glutamine on alcohol metabolism. The subjects were 70 male ICR mice weighing 25-30 g. The animals were raised on standard rations artier weaning. After 24 hours of fasting, all the animals were given a peritoneal injection of 20% alcohol. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups: control and experimental. Fifteen minutes after the injection of alcohol, the mice in the experimental group wer given an oral solution of alanine(5 mM, 2 g/kg B. W) and glutamine (5 mM, 2g/kg B.W). The concentration of alcohol in the blood was measured in all the mice 20 minutes after they received the alochol, and the measurements continued every 20 minutes up to 140 minutes. The experimental group sustained lower blood alcohol levels at every 20 minute time interval compared to the control group, showing that oral supplementation of alanine and glutamine increases the rate of alcohol metabolism. Furthermore, the total amount of alcohol remaining in the blood, determined by using the Area Under the Curve (AUG) method, was lower in the group supplemented with alanine and glutamine, However, the effectiveness of alanine and glutamine in increasing the rate of alcohol metabolism, compared to the control group, diminished with time throughout the experiment. In conclusion, alanine and glutamine supplementation appears to promote alcohol metabolism shorthy after alcohol intake.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.261-274
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• 2015

Although fasting programs have recently attracted close attention because of benefits of detoxification, few studies have examined these programs. This study investigates the effects of a modified juice-based fasting program on lipid metabolism. A total of 33 volunteers fasted for 10 days and participated in program lectures, exercise programs, water bath regimens, and enemas. Pre- and post-program blood samples were obtained to evaluate lipoprotein levels. A paired t-test was conducted using SPSS 18.0. Changes in the lipid profile were observed during the juice-based fasting program and attending 3 degrees. All lipid profiles decreased significantly, including total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.001), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p<0.05). Program participation was documented by assessing attendance levels as high, moderate, and low. TC decreased significantly in all programs and levels (p<0.05), TG decreased proportionally only in enemas according to the attending degree: high (48 %), moderate (20 %), and low (10 %). HDL-C decreased at all low levels, but moderate exercise ($53.8{\pm}12.5mg/dL$ to $55.6{\pm}10.2mg/dL$) and a high enema ($54.9{\pm}14.1mg/dL$ to $55.0{\pm}9.4mg/dL$) showed small increases. The antioxidant property of the juice-based fasting program in terms of the blood vessel, enemas, and exercise played an important role in preventing cardiovascular disease from increased levels of HDL-C. These results suggest that juice-based fasting and combined lifestyle programs may help improve lipid metabolism and protect against dyslipidemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.426-434
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• 1995

The purpose of this study were to investigate the effect of fasting and vitamin B6 repletion on tissue concentration of pyridoxal 5-phosphate and urinary excreteion of 4-pyridoxic acid in vitamin B6 deficient rats. Sixty six rats(6 per group) were fed either a vitamin B6 deficient diet (-B6) or a control diet (+B6) for 6 weeks and then rats were repleted with +B6 diet for 2 weeks. Rats were fasted for 1 and 3 days and for 3 days after repletion. Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) concentration in plasma, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart muscle and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) excretion were compared. Fasting resulted in a significant increase in PLP concentration in the plasma, liver and heart muscle of rats fed the -B6 diet. Skeletal muscle PLP concentration was significantly decreased in +B6 rats but not in -B6 rats. Following vitamin B6 repletion, PLP concentration in the plasma, liver and heart muscle in previously -B6 rats was similar to the respective concentration in +B6 rats while PLP concentration in the skeletal muscle of previously -B6 rats increased, but it was not reached to that of +B6 rats. At day 1 and 2 of the fast, urinary 4-PT excretion increased in both +B6 and -B6 rats although there was no supply of vitamin B6 due to fasting. These results suggest that vitami B6 is redistributed as PLP when there is a caloric deficit and PLP is supplied by an endogenous source, possibly PLP bound to skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase.