• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.176-178
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• 1997

To make a long story short I made up my mind to experiment with a multimedia approach to my classroom presentations two years ago because my ways of giving instructions bored the pants off me as well as my students. My favorite ways used to be sometimes referred to as classical or traditional ones, heavily dependent on the three elements: teacher's mouth, books, and chalk. Some call it the 'MBC method'. To top it off, I tried audio-visuals such as tape recorders, cassette players, VTR, pictures, and you name it, that could help improve my teaching method. And yet I have been unhappy about the results by a trial and error approach. I was determined to look for a better way that would ensure my satisfaction in the first place. What really turned me on was a multimedia CD ROM title, ELLIS (English Language Learning Instructional Systems) developed by Dr. Frank Otto. This is an integrated system of learning English based on advanced computer technology. Inspired by the utility and potential of such a multimedia system for regular classroom or lab instructions, I designed a simple but practical multimedia language learning laboratory in 1994 for the first time in Korea(perhaps for the first time in the world). It was high time that the conventional type of language laboratory(audio-passive) at Hahnnam be replaced because of wear and tear. Prior to this development, in 1991, I put a first CALL(Computer Assisted Language Learning) laboratory equipped with 35 personal computers(286), where students were encouraged to practise English typing, word processing and study English grammar, English vocabulary, and English composition. The first multimedia language learning laboratory was composed of 1) a multimedia personal computer(486DX2 then, now 586), 2) VGA multipliers that enable simultaneous viewing of the screen at control of the instructor, 3) an amplifIer, 4) loud speakers, 5)student monitors, 6) student tables to seat three students(a monitor for two students is more realistic, though), 7) student chairs, 8) an instructor table, and 9) cables. It was augmented later with an Internet hookup. The beauty of this type of multimedia language learning laboratory is the economy of furnishing and maintaining it. There is no need of darkening the facilities, which is a must when an LCD/beam projector is preferred in the laboratory. It is headset free, which proved to make students exasperated when worn more than- twenty minutes. In the previous semester I taught three different subjects: Freshman English Lab, English Phonetics, and Listening Comprehension Intermediate. I used CD ROM titles like ELLIS, Master Pronunciation, English Tripple Play Plus, English Arcade, Living Books, Q-Steps, English Discoveries, Compton's Encyclopedia. On the other hand, I managed to put all teaching materials into PowerPoint, where letters, photo, graphic, animation, audio, and video files are orderly stored in terms of slides. It takes time for me to prepare my teaching materials via PowerPoint, but it is a wonderful tool for the sake of presentations. And it is worth trying as long as I can entertain my students in such a way. Once everything is put into the computer, I feel relaxed and a bit excited watching my students enjoy my presentations. It appears to be great fun for students because they have never experienced this type of instruction. This is how I freed myself from having to manipulate a cassette tape player, VTR, and write on the board. The student monitors in front of them seem to help them concentrate on what they see, combined with what they hear. All I have to do is to simply click a mouse to give presentations and explanations, when necessary. I use a remote mouse, which prevents me from sitting at the instructor table. Instead, I can walk around in the room and enjoy freer interactions with students. Using this instrument, I can also have my students participate in the presentation. In particular, I invite my students to manipulate the computer using the remote mouse from the student's seat not from the instructor's seat. Every student appears to be fascinated with my multimedia approach to English teaching because of its unique nature as a new teaching tool as we face the 21st century. They all agree that the multimedia way is an interesting and fascinating way of learning to satisfy their needs. Above all, it helps lighten their drudgery in the classroom. They feel other subjects taught by other teachers should be treated in the same fashion. A multimedia approach to education is impossible without the advent of hi-tech computers, of which multi functions are integrated into a unified system, i.e., a personal computer. If you have computer-phobia, make quick friends with it; the sooner, the better. It can be a wonderful assistant to you. It is the Internet that I pay close attention to in conjunction with the multimedia approach to English education. Via e-mail system, I encourage my students to write to me in English. I encourage them to enjoy chatting with people all over the world. I also encourage them to visit the sites where they offer study courses in English conversation, vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, reading, and writing. I help them search any subject they want to via World Wide Web. Some day in the near future it will be the hub of learning for everybody. It will eventually free students from books, teachers, libraries, classrooms, and boredom. I will keep exploring better ways to give satisfying instructions to my students who deserve my entertainment.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 1982

In an effort to provide evidence as to the regulatory role of the central dopaminergic system on the renal function, the effects of centrally administered dopamine and its specific antagonist haloperidol were investigated. Haloperidol (HA) given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) induced antidiuresis in doses of 15 and $50{\mu}g/kg$. With $15{\mu}g/kg$ sodium reabsorption in the tubules was increased, while with $50{\mu}g/kg$ free-water reabsorption was increased. However, a marked diuresis with increased sodium and potassium was observed with $150{\mu}g/kg$. Hemodynamic changes were not evident, indicating that the diuresis is of tubular origin. Dopamine (DA), on the other hand, produced antidiuresis when given i.c.v. in a dose-related fashion. With smaller doses of 5 and $15{\mu}g/kg$ the antidiuresis was related to increased reabsorption of sodium in the tubules, but higher doses of 50 and $150{\mu}g/kg$ the decreases in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were evident in addition to the tubular action. After pretreatment with $150{\mu}g/kg$ HA, the effects of $15{\mu}g/kg$ DA was abolished, but the antidiuretic actions of 50 and $150{\mu}g/kg$ were not blocked, and the natriuretic diuretic action of HA was overcome and became inconspicuous. These observations indicate that the central dopaminergic system influences the renal function by producing antidiuresis, and HA elicits diuresis and natriuresis by competitively antagonizing DA specifically on the central dopaminegic receptors. The antidiuresis observed with smaller doses of HA can be best explained by the facts that there are more than two types of DA-receptors in the brain and that the presynaptic autoreceptors on the dopaminergic neurones which affect the dopamine release at the synapse are more sensitive than the postsynaptic receptors. Overall, these data provide an evidence indicating that the central dopaminergic system plays a role in the regulation of renal function in the rabbit.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 1983

A role for brain serotonin(5-HT) in regulation of the HPA axis has been suggested but remains contoversial and poorly defined. The present experiments were designed to check kinetic parameters of 5-HT turnover in rat hypothalamus and remainder brain areas before and after stress and to test whether using various different pharmacologic approaches to stimulate or eliminate the control serotonergic system have any consistent effect on the stress-induced activation of HPA system. Steady state brain serotonin and 5-HIAA concentrations during 1 min ether stress were significantly elevated without significant rise in the levels of plasma corticosterone, which highly increased 2 minutes after stress. This suggests that the increase in serotonergic neuron activity precede that in HPA activity. Furthermore, during 1 ruin-ether stress or 30 min immobilization stress there is a marked increase in hypothalamic and remainder brain serotonin (5-HT) turnover or synthesis rates assessed by both the pargline/5-HT method and pargyline/5-HIAA method. The stress-induced corticosterone levels were increased by serotonin precursors and serotonin agonist in a dose-related fashion. The stress- induced corticosterone levels were highly elevated by L-tryptophan (100 mg/kg) and Potentiated by monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline or serotonin agonist, 5-MeoDMT. The stress-induced elevation of corticosterone and 5-HT levels in rat brain were not significantly decreased by the administration of 5-HT synthesis inhibitor, PCPA and 5-HT neurotoxin, 5,7-DHT. However, the stress-induced elevation of corticosterone and 5-HT levels were decreased by the destruction of midline raphe nuclei. There was a strong positive correlation between plasma corticosterone and 5-HT concentrations changed by drugs which mainly manipulating 5-HT system in the hyhothalamus and in the remainder of the brain. In conclusion, our present data stongly suggest that 5-HT is an important key neurotransmitter involved in the stress-induced activation of the HPA system.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2015

This paper investigated far-infrared emission characteristics of ZrC imbedded heat storage knitted fabrics for emotional garment. For this purpose, ZrC imbedded heat storage PET was spun with high viscosity PET imbedded ZrC powder on the core part and low viscosity PET on the sheath part by conjugated spinning method. Ingredient analysis and far-infrared emission characteristics assessment of spun filament were carried out by EDS and FT-IR spectrometer. Two kinds of knitted fabrics were made using texturized ZrC imbedded PET for measuring thermal characteristics of ZrC imbedded heat storage PET. Zr peak was certified by EDS measurement and it was confirmed that content of Zr was 19.29%. Far-infrared analysis revealed that emission power at the range of wavelength, $5{\sim}20{\mu}m$ was $3.65{\times}10^2W/m^2$, and emissivity was 0.906. Heat storage analysis by KES-F7 system revealed that $Q_{max}$ of ZrC imbedded PET knitted fabric was lower than that of regular PET one and warmth keepability rate was higher than that of regular one, which means that ZrC imbedded PET knitted fabric has heat storage property. Thermal conductivity of ZrC imbedded PET knitted fabric was higher than that of regular PET one which was caused by high thermal conductivity of Zr itself. Hand property of ZrC imbedded knitted fabric was not inferior compared to regular PET knitted fabric, which preferably was found to be dependent on knit structure and surface property.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.87-105
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• 2011

Although the rapid spread of mobile device like smart phone has increased, One of the main problems of systems is that they do not meet their quality requirements. Many researchers have tried to improve users' satisfaction and enhance their quality of life. The purpose of the study is to examine the moderating effect of lifestyle on the use of mobile internet service. To achieve our research purpose, we used lifestyle, IS success model and quality of life as the theoretical background. Based on the research model, we conducted survey and empirically analyzed the data. We classified user types according to lifestyle as a moderating variable. The results show that users' lifestyle can classify two group: curiosity-independent group and intelligence-pursuit of advanced fashion type. The impact of information and systems quality factors of mobile internet service on user satisfaction are differentiated from these lifestyle group. This paper ends with strategical implication of the study results.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.95-106
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• 2002

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of various electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation on NADPH-diaphorase and Neuropeptide Y(NPY) in the cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley Rats. We evaluated the changes of NADPH-d-positive neurons using a histochemical method and the changes of NPY-positive neurons using a double labeling immunohistochemical method. The staining intensities of NADPH-d-positive neuron and NPY-positive neurons were assessed in a quantitative fashion using a microdensitometrical method based on optical density by means of an image analyzer. As to frequency, the optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higher than that of 100Hz-1 time EA group in M1, Cg, and that of 100Hz-3 times EA group was significantly higher than that of 2Hz-3 times EA group in Vi, Au, Cg and Ins. As to treatment-time, the optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was higher than 2Hz-3 times EA group in Vi, Au, Cg and Ins. And in Vi 100Hz-1 time EA group and in M1 100Hz-3 times EA group was more efficient. As to frequency, the optical density of NPY-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time was significantly higher in Vi, and that of 100Hz-1 EA group was higher in M1. And that of 2Hz-3 times EA group was higher than 100Hz-3 times EA group in Cg. As to treatment-time, the optical density of NPY-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higer than 2Hz-3 times EA in S1, Vi, Au. And that of 100Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higher than that of 100Hz-3 time EA in Cg. The present results demonstrated that EA changes the activity in NO and NPY system in the cerebral cortex of SHR and EA stimulation, like frequency and treatment-time, is of importance for this effect.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

Until the early part of the 1990s, interior design has never been thought important by car makers. Repeated attempts have been made to systemize a technical structure, such as layout, driving method, and size, and the car's interior design has been developed by in simple comparison with the exterior design. In the 1990s, however, this trend began to change because consumers began spending more time in their cars, so the motive of the technology development became that of giving comfort and functional satisfaction to the customers. Observing how a person spends inside his or her car and considering the latest trends in car interiors have made a consumer-oriented sense of value i.e., intensifying the personality of the car's interior design and considering the emotional makeup of the consumer factor in the acquisition of a strategic brand identity. These days, car interiors assume a new concept every year due to the constant change in various factors, and the application of a high-tech design, with a sensing function and a navigation system, to achieve driverless running, is being raised as a key trend element technology for the future. Now, at the present when multilateral concept applications of design are attempted under the direct influences from other fields such as product design, fashion and furniture, I would like to lay stress on investigating and analysing the changes in car interior design varying with the background of the times and formative characteristics from the object point of view. On this study, I would like to compare the background of the times and flow of car interior design with priority given to crash pad and would like to attempt to present the direction of the future car interior design together with diversifying major technical factors.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.430-436
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• 2010

The objective of the present studies was to develop and validate a system for isolation, purification and extended culture of pigment-producing cells in alpaca skin (melanocytes) responsible for coat color and to determine the effect of alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone treatment on mRNA expression for the melanocortin 1 receptor, a key gene involved in coat color regulation in other species. Skin punch biopsies were harvested from the dorsal region of 1-3 yr old alpacas and three different enzyme digestion methods were evaluated for effects on yield of viable cells and attachment in vitro. Greatest cell yields and attachment were obtained following dispersion with dispase II relative to trypsin and trypsin-EDTA treatment. Culture of cells in medium supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor, bovine pituitary extract, hydrocortisone, insulin, 12-O-tetradecanolphorbol-13-acetate and cholera toxin yielded highly pure populations of melanocytes by passage 3 as confirmed by detection of tyrosinase activity and immunocytochemical localization of melanocyte markers including tyrosinase, S-100 and micropthalmia-associated transcription factor. Abundance of mRNA for tyrosinase, a key enzyme in melanocyte pigment production, was maintained through 10 passages showing preservation of melanocyte phenotypic characteristics with extended culture. To determine hormonal responsiveness of cultured melanocytes and investigate regulation of melanocortin 1 receptor expression, cultured melanocytes were treated with increasing concentrations of ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone. Treatment with ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone increased melanocortin receptor 1 mRNA in a dose dependent fashion. The results demonstrated culture of pure populations of alpaca melanocytes to 10 passages and illustrate the potential utility of such cells for studies of intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of genes controlling pigmentation and coat color in fiber-producing species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.1 s.100
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to comprehend the color and the coloration of Han-bok on the oil-painting of modern Korea. Generally, the modern Korean art is from late 19th to early 1980s' for the lowest year. Through the introduction of oil painting and the painter's work which had been reflected painter's realism at these times, we might know that the phases of the times and we could see a Korean costume and color combination. In this study, Han-bok is divided to upper clothes, lower clothes and the other parts which was distinguished by the color. The color of Han-bok which is watched on the modern art oil-painting is mainly white. The primary color including red, yellow, blue and middle tone colors is in harmony. It means that the five colors of Yin-Yang Wu-hsing were preferred until the modern times. The coloration of Han-bok is classified to a one-colored arrangement, two-colored arrangement and three-colored arrangement. The one-colored arrangement by white and black is a peculiar coloration to the modern times. The two-colored arrangement is a traditional coloration of Han-bok. The color which is high value and chroma is arranged on jacket, Jeogori. A dimension rate that is related with the difference of value and chroma made a visual harmony. In many cases of the two-colored arrangement of neutral colors is not much different in Jeogori and Chima. So Han-bok which is two-colored arrangement of neutral colors is colored in a breast- tie, pigtail ribbon, cuff and waist band for getting visual focus. The represented three-colored arrangement is white Jeogori and navy blue Chima with red breast-tie. It is a perfect visual color combination. The color of Han-bok was inherited a traditional color and the combination of neutral color was balanced. It was a refinable coloration system according to a difference of value and chroma. It means that a color sensation and arrangement of Korean have been developed by our unique climate, nations and the culture which has been formed for a long times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.27-42
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• 2004

Music videos provide for many others images, alluring the audience to fall in another emotional world, while the sexual images shown in them suggest new images of man and woman. Today, men's images are being interpreted from various viewpoints. As interests in men's fashion are visualized through music video clothing, not only juveniles who want to be identified with the music video images but also adults try to imitate them, and proceed to wear the clothing, obliterating the boundary between 'reality' and 'illusion' and creating new images of men. This study is aimed at reviewing the male images shown in the music videos, particular their clothing, produced between 2000 and 2002. The results of this study could be summarized as follows : 1. Since beginning of the human history, men's image has been characterized by patriarchal system, capitalism, bourgeois class which emerged after industrial revolution and other man-dominant socio-cultural phenomena, such male image are shown in the music video as conservative and dominant image. 2. However, due to the post-modern culture, the power began to be decentralized. while feminism and men's liberation movement gain strength. As a result, women or heterosexuals began to regard men as sexual objects, and such a phenomenon is featured as sexual, bisexual or decadent images in the music videos. 3. On the threshold of the 21st century, music videos have begun to creatively describe men's life, their social conflicts, dreams and hopes and death and thereby. feature men's such images as being destroyed in view of existentialism. The numerous creative men's images interpreted in this way are featured in many music video works only to create playful, cyborg or demonic images using the senses. After all, men's images are featured in the music video costumes in diverse ways ranging from the conventional images to acquiescent images. In addition, various male images are combined with the characteristics of the music videos to be re-created anew. The young men in the our modern age tend to imitate or apply such images to create their own images or individualistic styles. All in all, men's image can be fixed no longer but diversified and fragmented in the new age.