• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 1992

For evaluation on effects guiding fasciola prevention of which the specimens collected from 6,011 cows rears at 387 farms in inchon were tested to egg count examination for 4 years(1987-1990), and the questionnaire checked up 181 dairy farms for 2 years (1989-1990). The results were summarized as follows. 1. A yearly variation of fasciola infection rate above 31% were 83% In 1987, 58% in 1988, 25% in 1989, noninfection in 1990. 2. The average concentration in feces of infected dairy cattle was 79.4% below 1-10 eggs for 4 years(1987-1990) 3. In the results of the questionnaire for 2 years(1989-1990) the farmers gradually took interest in fasciola prevention. 4. To re-dose anthelmintics was 75.4% in 1989 and 82.5% in 1990 after 5∼7 months from previous dosage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.427-431
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• 1993

Rectal fecal samples from zebu cattle (Bos indicus) at Savar, Dhaka, were collected in every two months of the year from March, 1987 to February, 1988 and were examined using Stoll's dilution technique. Out of a total of 737 fecal samples examined in six periods, 589 (79.9%) samples were found to be positive for one or more helminths. Overall prevalences for fasciola, paramphistome, schistosome, strongylids, ascaris, strongyloides, trichuris and capillaria infestations were respectively 19.5%, 48.0%, 5.9%, 52.2%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 5.5% and 12.7%. Prevalences of fasciola, paramphistome and schistosome infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher from middle of August to December. Strogylids, trichuris and capillaria infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher from July to October, although strongylids infestation also increased during January-February. Significantly (p<0.01) higher fasciola and paramphistome infestations were observed in animals after one year of age, whereas strongylids, ascaris, strongyloides and trichuris infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher in cattle upto one year of age. Fasciola infestation was significantly (p<0.01) higher in female cattle and significantly (p<0.05) higher strongylids infestation was found in males.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.301-303
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• 1993

Hematological value were determined from 140 Fasciola gigantica infested and 138 non-infested apparently healthy (control) zebu cattle from eight different sites of Bangladesh. The F. gigantica infested cattle have experienced of normocytic normochromic anemia indicated by the significant (p<0.01) decline of total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and significant (p<0.01) increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as compared with non-infested control animals. Values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin content were not differed significantly between the infested and control animals. There observed significantly (p<0.01) higher eosinophil and neutrophil counts and significantly (p<0.01) lower lymphocyte counts in fasciola infested cattle in comparison with the control animals.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.227-232
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of fascioliasis in slaughtered cattle in Kangwon (Wonju, Hoengseong, Hongcheon, Cheorwon, Pyeongchang) province and Daejeon from October to December in 2014. From the total 10,780 examined cattle, 0.54% (58/10,780) were found to be positive for fascioliasis by postmortem macroscopic inspection. The Fasciola spp. infection rates were higher in the most Daejeon (1.83%, 41/2,240), followed by Hoengseong (0.40%, 15/3,714) and Hongcheon (0.22%, 2/901). It was not infected in the other regions. The outward appearances of Fasciola spp. infected livers looked almost normal and the worms were all parasitize in the main hepatic duct.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.199-203
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• 1983

The anthelmintic efficiency of nitroxynil(Trodax) at a dose rate of 10mg/kg was tested in naturally infected Korean native goat (Black goat) against Fasciola hepatica, Eurythrema pancreaticum, and Paramphistomum sp. The drug was administered with injection subcutaneouslly and the efficiency was measured by faecal examination microscopically. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The anthelmintic efficiency of nitroxynil against Fasciola hepatica was shown 33.3% on day 7, 88.9% on day 14 and 94.4% on day 28 after the administration of the drug, respectively. The reduction rates of egg per gram of faeces (E. P. G.) against Fasciola hepatica in faecal examination were shown 86.8% on day 7, 97.7% on day 14, and 99.7% on day 28 postmedication. 2. The anthelmintic efficiency of nitroxynil against Paramphistomum sp. was shown 0% on day 7, 10.5% on day 14, and 36.8% on day 28 after the administration of drug. The reduction rates of E. P. G. against the parasite were shown 13.2% on day 14, and 39.4% on day 28 postmedication. 3. The anthelmintic efficiency of nitroxynil against Eurythrema pancreaticum was shown 0% on day 7, 16.6% on day 14, and 25% on day 28 after the administration of the drug.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.161-166
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• 1998

Fasciola hepatica eggs were obtained from the bile of infected cattle at a local abattoir. Metacercariae(MC) were produced using Lymnaea viridis, the intermediate host of the parasite. They were stored in distilled water at refrigerator($3{\sim}5^{\circ}C$) and at room temperature($22{\sim}27^{\circ}C$). The viability and infectivity of the MC were determined at monthly intervals for 12 months. The viability was determined by both microscope and excystation, and the infectivity by infecting mice. The MC stored at room temperature had a high viability up until 60 days, and thereafter the viability declined rapidly ; at day 120, only 2.5% of the MC were excysted. Most of the MC stored at refrigerator retained the viability up until 90 days, and thereafter the viability declined slowly ; about half of them were viable at day 210 and 5% of them retained the viability until day 270. The survival rates of the MC determined by microscope were always higher than those determined by excystation(p<0.05). The infectivity of the MC wisely followed the viability at the two different storage temperatures. Most of the mice infected orally with the MC died within 3-9 weeks of acute fasciolosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

A survey on the dosage optimal time for the bovine fascioliasis was carried out from Jan. 1987 to Dec. 1990. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The mean infection rate was 27.7% (1,662 heads were infected out of 3,247 heads In 205 herds). A seasonal infection rate was winter (34.6%) >spring(32.5%) >summer(24.7%) > autumn(22.8%) 2. In the density of the fasciola spp. egg of infected bovine feces remarks 79.6% on the range below 10. 3. The density of fasciola spp. egg is not directly proportinal to the infection rate, and remarks on the range from 5 to 20. 4. In the herds dosed vermifuge the appearance of the fasciola spp. egg is as follows ; 1∼3 months show 3.8% and 4∼6 months 8.5% 5. The dosage optimal time for the bovine fasciliasis is as follows ; 1) According to the monthly infection rate the first dosage optimal time is Dec and Feb and the second-Jun and Aug. 2) In the herd dosed vermifuge the dosage optimal time is to dose twice by 60 days interval after 3∼4 months from previous dosage.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.193-196
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• 2014

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic infection caused by Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica. We report an 87-year-old Korean male patient with postprandial abdominal pain and discomfort due to F. hepatica infection who was diagnosed and managed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with extraction of 2 worms. At his first visit to the hospital, a gallbladder stone was suspected. CT and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed an intraductal mass in the common bile duct (CBD) without proximal duct dilatation. Based on radiological findings, the presumed diagnosis was intraductal cholangiocarcinoma. However, in ERCP which was performed for biliary decompression and tissue diagnosis, movable materials were detected in the CBD. Using a basket, 2 living leaf-like parasites were removed. The worms were morphologically compatible with F. hepatica. To rule out the possibility of the worms to be another morphologically close species, in particular F. gigantica, 1 specimen was processed for genetic analysis of its ITS-1 region. The results showed that the present worms were genetically identical (100%) with F. hepatica but different from F. gigantica.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.575-585
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• 2000

This study was performed to observe the influence of host immune response on the chemotherapy of mice experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica. Following immunosuppression with prednisolone or immunoenhancement with Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA), mice were experimentally infected with 3 Fasciola hepatica metacercariae and treated with closantel at 1 week post infection. In the group of mice infected with metacercariae alone, 2 mice of 10 were dead at 10 weeks post infection(20% mortality), and adult flukes were recovered from the liver and the peritoneal cavity of the remaining 8 mice(100% infectivity). In the group of mice treated with prednisolone and infected with metacercariae, 8 of 10 mice died before euthanasia with a mean time of death earlier than the control group (p<0.05). In the group of immunosuppressed mice infected with metacercariae and treated with closantel 20mg/kg, 4 of 10 mice died before sacrifice. In the group of mice infected and treated with closantel 20mg/kg, mortality and infectivity was 10% and 30%, respectively. Similar results were observed in mice infected and treated with closantel 5mg/kg which resulted in 10% and 50% mortality and infectivity, respectively. These results indicated that the efficacy of closantel treatment was decreased in immunosuppressed mice, while the pathogenicity was increased. In immunoenhanced mice infected with metacercariae, on the other hand, the efficacy of chemotherapy with both 5mg/kg or 20mg/kg closantel resulted in only 10% infectivity. The results shown in this study strongly suggest that a close interaction between chemotherapy against F hepatica with closantel and the host immune system exists. Considering that fascioliasis is a zoonosis, treatment regimen against the infection to immunosuppressed patients may require a concurrent prescription of an appro-priate immuno-enhancing adjuvant.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1983

The activity and distribution of aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6. 1. 1) and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) in adult Fascicle hepatica have been studied. Fasciola hepatica was fractionated by differential centrifugation into nuclear, mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. The activity of GOT and GPT was measured by the method of Reitman and Frankel. Isozyme patterns of those enzyme were also examined by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase was about 0.55 unit and 0.92 unit per 1g of Fascicle hepatica, respectively. 2. The activity of those enzymes was relatively low compared with those in mammalian tissues. 3. The distribution of aspartate aminotransferase in the subcellular organelles showed that 71% of the activity was in cytosolic, 24% in mitochondrial and 5% was in nuclear fraction. 4. About 22% of the total alanine aminotransferase activity was found in the mitochondrial fratstion, about 66% in the cytosolic fraction. 5. Aspartate aminotransferase from cytosolic fraction was separated into two types of isozymes, whereas alanine aminotransferase from cytosolic fraction gave only one active peak on DEAE-cellulose column chromatography.