• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.93-104
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• 2000

Rivers of our country are in the serious state of water pollution because of sewages, factory wastes, domestic animal excreta, and so forth. The development of waste water treatment technology applied in a small-scaled farm is urgent because the government regulation becomes strict. In the present study, four types of solid fuels are made by blending domestic animal excreta, rice hulls and briquets, and its combustion characteristics is investigated by analyzing burning pictures. Domestic animal excreta sampled from a farm in Kimhae was dried with sunlight. From experimental results, it is shown that combustion characteristics of solid fuels becomes better by blending rice hulls which have superior ignitability. Since solid fuel made by blending domestic animal excreta with rice hulls can bum continuously, it can be appropriate for the heating fuels.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.37-46
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• 2024

The city is developing into a smart city. Smart villages and smart farms are developing in rural areas. Architectural technology needs synergy with smart cities, smart villages, and smart factories (intelligent factories) to help architectural experts understand smart farms and build facilities and equipment. Smart farms require design and construction technology with architectural structure and function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and cases of smart farms in Korea and to investigate cases abroad. The conclusion is as follows. ① Smart farms are developing rapidly. The Korean government is expanding smart farms by utilizing ICT technology and infrastructure. ② 'Smart Farm Innovation Valley', which has been promoted since 2018, is a cutting-edge convergence cluster industrial complex that integrates production, education, and research functions such as start-ups and technological innovation. ③ In domestic cases, smart farms are operated in subway stations, buildings, supermarkets, and restaurants. ④ In the Japanese case, a dome-type smart farm was being operated. It utilized factory wastewater, waste heat, renewable energy, and used new materials. Otemachi Ranch raised livestock and provided a lounge on the 13th floor of the building. ⑤ In the cases of Korea and Japan, the smart farm technology is very similar. As stated earlier, since the food culture and agricultural technology of both countries are similar, we hope to promote the development of smart farms that can reduce concerns about future food by communicating and sharing mutual technologies.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.1917-1922
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• 2013

The objective of this study is developing urban farm management system based on USN for remote monitoring and control. This system makes it easy to manage urban farm and make the database of collected information for to build the best environment for growing crops. For this, we build a green house and installed several types of sensors and camera through which the remote sensing information collected. In addition, building a web page for user convenience and information in real time to enable control. We confirmed experimentally all functions related to stability for a long period of time through field tests such as collection and transfer of information, environmental control in green house. It will be convenient for farmers to grow crops by providing the time and space constraints and a lot of flexibility. In addition, factory, office, home like environment, including facilities for it will be possible to extend.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.377-389
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• 2021

This paper presents a framework design of a digital twin system for a vertical smart farm. In this paper, a framework of digital twin systems establishes three factors: 1) Client 2) IoT gateway, and 3) Server. Especially, IoT gateway was developed using the Eclipse Ditto, which has been commonly used as the standard open hardware platform for digital twin. In particular, each factor is communicating with the client, IoT gateway, and server by defining the message sequence such as initialization and data transmission. In this paper, we describe the digital twin technology trend and major platform. The proposed design has been tested in a testbed of the lab-scale vertical smart-farm. The sensor data is received from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2020. In this paper, a prototype digital twin system that collects environment and control data through a raspberry pi in a plant factory and visualizes it in a virtual environment was developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.91-115
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• 1996

In the recent years, protected horticultural facilities have been modernized and glasshouses are also propagating in Korea, even most vegetables production are conducted in the traditional plastic houses covered with, for example, PVC film for just temperature keeping. It would limit the productivity and competitivity of the vegetable production industry without automatization and high quality year round production. A plant factory, aimed to produce vegetables in the limited areas, was initiated in Christensen farm, Denmark in 1957, and widely propagated in some developed countries. As it has the automatized system which enables to keep optimized environment conditions, it will be the best facility for high quality products as well as year round planned production. However, we have not even started the plant factory production. Since the plant factory is requiring lots of resources, besides plant cultivation technologies, such as environment control, automatic engineering and robotics, our approach to the development of plant factories should be minded on Practical Plant Factories considering our current farming practices and least capital needs rather than blindly employing the advanced technologies from developed countries. Thus, Korean plant factory development can be initiated with year round leaf vegetables production in NFT or DFT cultivation system instead of the moval bed system, in which aerial environment factors such as light, temperature, humidity and CO$_2$ concentration and root environment ones such as solution concentration, temperature, pH and water soluble oxygen shall be automatically controlled. And the seeding, seedling and transplanting operations shall be accomplished in the house entrance, and the harvesting and grading opreations shall be conducted in the house exit. For practical plant factories, environment control technologies including artificial light source, illumination and air conditioning, automatic management for nutrient solution and automatic production line of moval bed system, transplanting and harvest should be developed along with researches on the cost reduction of factory building construction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7990-8000
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• 2015

Plant factories are plant cultivation systems which produce farm products uniformly under the controlled environmental condition regardless of seasons and places. Thermal flow in the plant factory is an important parameter in cultivating plants. In this research, we study thermal flow characteristics for a hybrid plant factory with multi-layer cultivation shelves using computer simulation techniques. In order to obtain numerical solutions for thermal flow characteristics, a finite volume method was applied. We consider a low-Reynolds-number ${\kappa}-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model, incompressible viscous flows, and pressure boundary conditions for numerical simulation. Commercial software Solid Works Flow Simulation is then used to investigate characteristics of thermal flows in the plant factory applying several different inflow air velocities and arrangements of cultivation shelves. From numerical analysis results, we found that temperatures in cultivation shelves were uniformly distributed for Case 3 when the inflow air velocity was 1.6 m/s by using a blower in the plant factory. However in Case 1 lower temperature distributions were observed in test beds, TB2 and TB3, which indicated that additional temperature control efforts would be required. Average shelf temperature increased by $3^{\circ}C$ using artificial light source (DYLED47) with 50% blue and 50% red LED ratios. Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.263-270
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• 2012

The vitalization of Agro-industrial complex could be an alternative to enhance farmers off-farm income and overcome FTA's impacts on the import of agricultural products. However, it is evaluated the governmental policy on the Agro-industrial complex has not been successfully done as expected. The Agro-industrial complex started to be composed in 1984 and the 427 Agro-industrial complex have been composed nationwide by 2011. Meanwhile, three Agro-industrial complex where 61 factories are running have been composed and two Agro-industrial complex are being under construction in Seocheongun as of 2011. It is investigated that there are constraints in the government supporting systems for Agro-industrial complex. They are; Aged and poor infrastructure facilities, Weak marketing competition, Scattered supporting agencies, and Poor loan system, etc. In this respect, the policy of supporting system was suggested and recommended to vitalize Agro-industrial complex in the study. They are; Better loan system, Improving aged facilities, Marketing support, Assisting technology, Suppling labor power, and Forming factory-network, etc.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.649-655
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• 2020

This study determined effective educational strategies by investigating and analyzing the related educational demands for SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) in the 4th Industrial Revolution based area of smart farms. In order to derive the approprate educational strategies, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Borich's Needs Assessment Model were conducted based on the smart farm technological field. As a result, the education demand survey showed high demand for production systems and intelligent farm machinery. In detail, Borich's analysis showed the need for pest prevention and diagnosis technology (8.03), network and analysis SW linkage technology (7.83), and intelligent farm worker-agricultural power system-electric energy hybrid technology (7.43). In contrast, smart plant factories (4.09), lighting technology for growth control (4.46) and structure construction technology (4.62) showed low demands. Based on this, the IPA portfolio shows that the network and analysis SW linkage technology and the CAN-based complex center are urgently needed. However, the technology that has already been developed, such as smart factory platform development, growth control lighting technology and structure construction technology, was oversized. Based on these results, it is possible to strategically suggest the customized training programs for industrial sectors of SMEs that reflect the needs for efficiently operating smart farms. This study also provides effective ways to operate the relevant training programs.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.116-121
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• 2020

With the recent development of the 4th Industrial Revolution, efforts have been made to carry out communication in a smart factory, farm, etc. at low cost and reliably. Methods for utilizing empty frequencies using TVWS(TV White Space) have been studied which can be used locally within 30 km. However, there have not been many studies on Path-Loss model considering Korean environment. In this paper, the Path-Loss model is divided into LOS (Line Of Sight) and NLOS (None LOS). In case of LOS model, we checked the difference between Free space model, Friis model, 2-ray model and Hata model with measured data. In the case of NLOS model, we checked the difference between Lee Model, ITU-R526-3 Model with measured data. In order to overcome the difference in Korean environment, we derived a model that can be applied in LOS and NLOS and prove its usefulness through performance evaluation through simulation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.535-536
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• 2006

This paper reports investigation into the factors that influence the transient behavior of the wind power generation system following network fault conditions. It is shown that the critical clearing time(CCT) can be affected by various factors contributed by the host network. Such factors include capacity of wind power, power factor, the length of the interfacing line, etc. This investigation is conducted en a simulated grid-connected wind farm using Digsilent Power Factory.