• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2018

The aim of this paper was to analyze the determinants of farm household income in the Gyeongbuk province. Data from 5,254 villages in the Gyeongbuk province were used. The main results are as follows. First, the percentage of self-supporting villages for fishing villages was 10.8%, which was higher than the average of 6.4%; however, the percentage of self-supporting villages for mountain villages was only 2.7 percent. Second, the level of income was estimated to positively correlate with the ratio of the roof improvement rate, a sisterhood relationship, farming households, and the number of people under the age of 14. Finally, the results show that variables such as age, farming percentage, roof improvement ratio, and a sisterhood relationship were significant. When the percentage for the roof improvement ratio was higher, the ratio for a sisterhood relationship with another city was higher, and when the proportion of farmers was higher, the average income of the village was higher. Based on the results from the above analysis, the following policy implications are suggested. First, the income levels of rural villages in the 1970s are related to the Saemaul project in Korea. In other words, the Saemaul project contributed to improving the farming household income by direct and indirect methods. Second, it can be seen that it is important to develop policies that take into account different village types within rural areas.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2018

현재 농촌은 농업의 경제적 비중이 줄어드는 대신 타 산업의 비중이 커지는 구조적 변화를 겪고 있다. 본 연구는 농업에 기반한 일자리가 지속적으로 감소하고 있는 국내 농촌의 새로운 일자리 창출 정책방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위해서 우선 농촌 고용구조 변화의 가장 큰 특징인 농가의 불완전고용 현황을 분석하고, 이를 토대로 불완전고용 해소를 위한 정책 방향을 제시하였다. 두 번째로는 농촌지역의 농업 및 비농업부문 고용현황을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 농촌지역의 일자리 구조변화에 대응한 새로운 농촌지역 일자리 창출 방안을 제시하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현재 농가는 농업소득과 농업외 소득 확보 정도에 따라 다양하게 분화되고 있다. 따라서 농업경영체의 발전 경로를 고려한 농가별 맞춤형 정책 추진이 필요하다. 둘째, 불완전 고용상태에 놓여 있는 저소득 농가에 대한 정책지원이 강화되어야 한다. 농가소득 변화를 살펴보면 농가의 불완전 고용이 지속적으로 확대되고 있다. 따라서 농가다각화 및 농외 일자리 창출 정책을 통해 불완전고용 농가의 소득을 향상시킬 필요가 있다. 셋째, 농촌창업을 농업외 일자리 창출의 핵심정책으로 설정하고 체계적으로 지원할 필요가 있다. 농촌창업 기업가들은 지역 혁신과 새로운 일자리 창출에 가장 큰 잠재력을 가지고 있다. 넷째, 최근 농촌지역에서 가장 빨리 증가하는 일자리는 보건·복지분야이다. 보건·복지분야의 일자리를 지역공동체와 연계하여 안정적으로 확대할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해서는 공동체 기반 농촌형 사회적기업, 커뮤니티 비즈니스, 협동조합을 적극 육성해야 한다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제10권
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• pp.53-65
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• 1992

The purposes of this study are to examine the structural differences between the agriculture of Korea and Japan, to clarify the characteristics of Korean agriculture and to determine the extent of development of agriculture in Korea as compared to Japan, In order to do this, the existing literature research reports and secondary data of both countries were used. The main findings are as follows : 1) The percentages of upland fields have inclined to increase in Japan, while those of paddy fields have increased in Korea. However, the size of cultivated land per farm is about the same. 2) The percentage of part-time household was 85% in Japan, against 22% in Korea. 3) Farm household income was more than non-farm household income in Japan, wherease : 92% was non-farm household income in Korea. 4) The farm mechanization is more advanced in Japan than Korea. In conclusion, Korea legs behind Japan in the following areas: (1) Farm mechanization (2) the structure of food consumption ; (3) industrialization and urbanization in Korea progressed more rapidly as compared with Japan ; (4) industry became overconcentrated in the Seoul metropolitan area.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.289-298
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• 1986

This paper aims at identifying the positive economic effects of the tenant system. Increasing numbers of tenant farms is one of the characteristic aspects of Korean agriculture. They have increased 3.7 percent annually since 1960. At the end of 1985, 64.7 percent of the Korean farmers leased partly or entirely the farm land which they managed, and 30.5 percent of the total arable area was cultivated under the tenant system. To find out the difference in performance of management between land owners and tenants, 600 farm households were selected as samples throughout Chungnam province. Among those sampled were 300 land owners and 300 tenants. Tenants defined this paper include not only full tenants but also part tenants. The results of this study are summarized as; First, rice is the main income resource of tenant farms. Due to their rental charges, the marketable surplus of farm products might be lower than that of land owners. Whereas 40 percent of the landowners income is from rice production, the tenants income from rice production is 43 percent. Second, tenants continue to depend on more agricultural wage incoms and more double crop incomes in paddy fields than land owners. Third, like most poor people in the third world, they have maximized their incomes and minimized their expenditures by saving management costs. Finally, there was no interlinking between landlords and tenants especially related to credit supports. Most farmers in the surveyed area have met their credit requirements from agricultural cooperatives.

• 농촌계획
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of crop diversification on farm households' agricultural income. Abundant literature have explored the determinants and efficient strategies for crop diversification. Yet, there is a paucity of research studies that empirically test the effectiveness of crop diversification as a profitable farm management strategy. Utilizing the 2015 Agricultural Census, this study adopts a quasi-experimental research design to compare the outcomes between farm households that opted for crop diversification and farm households that did not engage in such a strategy. In doing so, this study applies the Heckman Selection Model and the decomposition technique to address the problem of selection bias and to identify the causal effect. Our empirical results show that farms that implement diversification are more likely to earn higher agricultural income than non-diversified farms, although the difference would not be much substantial. This study concludes with several policy proposals to stabilize agricultural income in conjunction with crop diversification.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2006

This study focused on the trends in recognising an economic concern as the most difficult problem in the farm household that was categorised as a full-time farm household or a part-time household according to income structure from agricultural activity. Log-linear models were suggested to compare the change of recognising an economic problem between year 2003 and 2005. As a result, there was no significant difference in recognising an economic problem between full-time farm household and part-time farm household both in 2003 ($x^2$＝0.04;p＝0.84) and in 2005 ($x^2$＝1.08; p＝0.30). It was revealed, however, that full-time farm household had increasingly recognised an economic problem over years. Log-linear models showed that full-time farm households tended to recognise the economic problem 1.11 times as much as part-time farm households in 2005, compared to 0.97 times in 2003.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the farmland scale improvement project and to present basic data for establishing a long-term improvement scheme of this project. Professional rice cultivators' farming scale after receiving the farmland scale improvement fund has increased compared to the situation before receiving the fund support. The average paddy fields increased by 220% (from 2.75ha to 8.82ha), the average upland increased by 27% (from 0.44ha to 0.56ha), and the average orchard land increased by 44% (from 0.25ha to 0.36ha). The rice production costs per 10a are estimated as 608,678won for below 3ha, 488,721won for 3-6ha, 487,431won for 6~10ha, and 425,313won for over 10ha, which decreased with increasing farming scale. The effects of the farmland scale improvement project on income variation are summarized as follows. 1) Average farm household income for all subjects has increased by 223 % (from 40,517,000won to 90,295,000won). 2) For each category, the results show that average farm household income has increased by 9,766,000won for below 3ha, 35,898,000won for 3~6ha, 42,822,000won for 6~10ha, and 72,697,000won for over 10ha.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2018

본 논문은 청양 풋고추 재배농가의 실질 소득과 순수익의 불안정 요인을 경영비분석을 통하여 규명하였다. 또한 역준이상수요체계에 따른 가격신축성 분석을 통하여 출하조절에 따른 가격안정화 방안을 제시하였다. 경영비 분석에 따른 농가의 소득 불안정 요인으로는 기후변화로 인해 예기치 못한 영농광열비 부담 가중과, 특정시점의 공급과잉에 따른 가격폭락 등으로 나타났다. 여기에서 말하는 가격폭락은 월별 가격의 변화를 포함하지 않으므로 청양 풋고추 농가소득 불안정의 요인으로 설명하기에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 월별 자료를 이용하여 가격 및 규모신축성 분석을 한 결과, 청양 풋고추에 국한하여 출하량을 연간 1% 축소할 경우 2.21%의 가격 상승으로 연간 농가판매 총수입이 1.21% 증가하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이를 통하여 동절기에 출하량을 감소시켜 농가수취가격을 지지하는 방안이 농가소득안정에 효과적이라고 판단되었다. 특히 경남지역의 청양 풋고추는 시장점유율이 82.5%로 매우 높은 편이므로 경남지역을 중심으로 생산자단체를 결성하여 출하량 조절을 한다면 효과적으로 가격 및 소득의 안정을 꾀할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2023

This study aims at identifying the characteristics of various income earning activities conducted by small family farms, so-called pluriactivity, in Korea, Traditionally small farm households have been regarded in Korea as those who have not only very limited economic capability, but also very low status in rural society. However, in Europe, since the 1990s, there have been some researches found out the role of small farms in socio-economic development of rural regions. These tended to conclude that such various economic activities of small farms' may contribute to the development of rural region. Introducing the concept of pluriactivity from the European studies, this study carried out surveys and interviews with 38 small farm household in Chungnam region in terms of the fundamental reasons for pluriactivity and the impact on rural economies. The analysis revealed the main reason of pluriactivity could be the lack of income for family. Nevertheless, this study also identified another important reason of pluriactivity that small farms' desire to live in rural areas may drive them to do the pluriactivity. It may mean that farming could not be the main option for them to live in rural areas. In addition, it was confirmed that this pluriactivity has a positive impact on rural areas, such as landscape management, job creation, and cultural provision. Along with this, it was confirmed that there is a difference in pluriactivity characteristics according to age. It then necessary concludes that the rural development policy must consider the characteristics of farm households when they provide the support for farming and non-farming activities.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2003

This study investigates the reports about financial management and financial information needs in farm household, to development financial education program for farm household. The results were as follows: 1) Financial management was carried of husband (49%), husband and wife (31.0%) and wife (15.2%) 2) Farm households demand of financial information was selling for farm products(66.5%), farm management(65.1), keeping budget(52.6%) and consumer information(42.6%). 3) The variables (sex, age, Education, farming type) have statistically significant on test of financial knowledge. 4) On the basis of results, for the stabilization of rural economy it is necessary to maximize and stabilize the rural house hold income however, it is also necessary to educate the rural people by providing the ways and means to efficiently manage the income. Thus various financial management programs and educational resources should be developed and provided to the agriculture household finance managers and the instructors in Agricultural Technology Development Center. Specially, according to the financial knowledge test as the demand of financial information in the group of respondents who answered ‘don’t know’ is higher than the demand in the group of right or wrong answers it is quite urgent to develop and provide the financial education programs and financial resources for these people.