• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2009

본 연구는 보육기관에 다니는 유아와 어머니를 대상으로 성인애착 유형과 유아의사소통 유형간의 관계를 알아보고, 이를 통해 가족 내에서 이루어지는 언어의 중요성을 인식하고 부모교육의 제반 정보를 제공하고 유아의 의사소통 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 토대로 어머니의 성인애착 유형과 유아의 의사소통유형 과의 관계를 규명하기 위해 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정 하였다. 1. 어머니의 성인애착유형과 유아의 의사소통능력은 어떠한 관계가 있는가? 2. 어머니의 성인애착유형이 유아의 의사소통능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가? 연구대상은 대전광역시 어린이집에 다니고 있는 만3-5세 유아와 그들의 어머니들이다. 이들에게 성인애착측정도구와 유아 의사소통유형 도구를 사용하였다. 연구결과 성인애착유형과 유아의 의사소통유형과는 상관관계가 나타나지는 않았으나 하위요인별 분석에서는 의존성과 부정적 의사소통유형, 불안성과 긍정적 의사소통유형은 정적상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 상관관계분석을 토대로 중다회귀분석한 결과 어머니의 성인애착 유형중 불안성이 유아의 의사소통 능력을 예측할 수 있는 주요변인임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.286-298
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• 1997

This study was aimed at examining the pattern of dietary fat intake of 120 university female students living in Kongju city in order to provide baseic data for establishing the dietary grideline of desirable fat intake. The subjects were divided into three groups according to living arrangenment ; family home(FH), or dormitory(DM), or self-boarding house(SB). Fat consumption of subjects was surveyed by two-day food records, and profiles of fatty acid and cholesterol taken were calculated based upon the data reported their contents of foods. The result was that mean daily fat intake was 42$\pm$2g for FH, 48$\pm$4g for DM and 41$\pm$3g for SB. The calorie intake by fat was 20.8, 21.5, and 20.4% respectively. The ratio of P/M/S was 1.3/1.7/1 for FH, 1.3/1.6/1 for DM and 1, .5/1.5/1 for SB. And the ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acid was 5.2/1 for FH, 8.3/1 for DM and 7.2/1 for SB. Daily cholesterol intake was 208$\pm$20mg for FH, 223$\pm$29mg for DM and 251$\pm$27mg for SB. In addition, intake of n-3 fatty acid was 1.2$\pm$0.2g for FH, 0.9$\pm$0.1g for DM and 1.2$\pm$0.2g for DB. Considering the food source of fatty acids, saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid were taken primarily from animal foods, especially milk and milk products, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid was taken from vegetable oils and fats. As a major source of n-3 fatty acid, linolenic acid was obtained through vegetable oils and fats, and eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were provided by fishes and their products. There patterns of fatty acid intakes did not differ according to living arrangement. The above results showed that intakes of fat and cholesterol, and ratios of P/M/S and n-6/n-3 fatty acid were overall desirable in all groups. However, intake of n-3 fatty acid was low in all groups. Therefore, consumption of perilla oil, legumes and fishes as a source of n-3 fatty acid should be increased by substituting other food source which provide fats and oils because calorie intake by fat was enough in these subject.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.40-63
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• 1998

A long life is the desire of many people. The purpose of this study was to describe long life factors for people aged one hundred and above on Chju island. The research was conducted using a phenomenological method to add understanding to this subject. The field work for this study was done from July, 1997 to February, 1998 on Cheju island. The sample consisted of 10 persons of one hundred or above and 12 families. They were audio-recorded and analyzed using Colaizzi's (1978) method. The results of the present study shows the following: The thoughts of the persons one hundred and above showed ten important concepts; 'dietary regimen', 'mental regimen', 'sleep regimen', 'residence regimen', 'health regimen', 'labor regimen', 'exercise regimen', 'being born', 'filial piety and posterity', 'attachment to life'. Concerning 'Dietary Regimen': Dietary regulation, Preferential food intake, Living on vegetables, Light eating, and concern for longevity in food intake were important. Concerning 'Mental Regimen' : Harmony, Clearheadedness, Mildness, Abstinence, Generosity, Relaxation, Gaiety, Inspiration and Strength were important. Concerning 'Sleep Regimen'; Enough sleeping hours, Sound sleep, Curved sleeping posture, and Comfortable bedding were important. Concerning 'Residence Regimen' ; Clean dwelling, Pleasant surroundings, Thatched house life, Living in the village with good-hearted people, and Regular life were important. Concerning 'Health Regimen'; Temperance of drug, use Proper temperature, Proper humidity, and a Clean body were important. Concerning 'Labor Regimen'; Agricultural labor, Diligence, and Domestic labor were important. Concerning Exercise Regimen': Proper exercise, and Sunbathing were important. Concerning 'Being Born' ; Strong physical constitution, Longevity lineage, and Destiny were important. Concerning 'Filial Piety and Posterity' : Showing respect to a long-lived elder and Reducing anxiety were important. Concerning 'Attachment to Life' ; The desire to live long was important. The following conclusion was made from the above results. Human beings cannot avoid death, but the span of life can be prolonged to the maximum span of human life by wisdom, health care, and proper environmental conditions. As a result, a health regimen must be imposed for longevity such as controling food intake, having positive thoughts, being relaxed, sleeping enough, clean dwelling, taking care of oneself which can improve immunity and resistance to decrease, as well as proper labor and exercise. In addition, when filial piety is served, the desire of longevity and retaining one's youthfulness for a long time can be achieved. These should be done to live long and lead a qualitative life. By the results of this research, the following is suggesed for nursing. To satisfy the basic nursing principle that nursing must be practiced to help people live long, education must be spread to people who are nursed and their family so that they can lead a healthy life. And in nursing elders, nurses must recognize that elders have a strong desire for life, even though they may have negative thoughts about life at times. Therefore nurses have to respect the elders' value of life, and help them improve their self-esteem and self -fulfilment.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.120-130
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• 2009

본 연구는 생태학에 견줄 수 있는 전통적 관념으로서 생명사상과 전통사상에 착안하여 마련된 '전통경관의 생태학적 해석' 방법론에 대한 사례연구이다. 연구를 통해서 당시의 관점에 근접함으로써 선조들의 생태학적 사고와 그를 기반으로 한 조영방식을 설명하기에 유용한 방법론이 될 수 있음을 규명하였다. 생태학적 해석 도구로써 추출한 '본성(本性; 자연의 정체성 고수)' '중절(中節; 절제)' '효율(效率; 경제적 효용)' '상생(相生; 관계 맺기)' '자생(自生; 자연의 원리 취득)' '중화(中和; 인공을 최소화하여 조화)' '방통(旁通; 소통과 순환)' '변통(變通; 가변성과 다양성)'이라는 전통사상의 개념어들은 우리 문화와 경관 속에 함유된 생태학적 개념을 대신한다. 사례연구를 위해서 서유구의 "임원경제지(林園經濟志)"(1827)에 서술된 항목들을 '공간구조' '조경요소' '건축 구조요소'로 구분하여 해석의 대상을 추출하였다. 정온 가옥과 최씨 종택을 구성하는 요소들을 해석한 결과로 생태학적 조영기법들을 제시하고, 전통주택과 조경공간에 대한 생태학적 특성을 다음과 같이 종합하였다. 자연조건과 세밀한 관계 설정 방식을 가지는 풍토건축으로서 첫째, 자연의 형상을 따르는 토지이용방식('본성' '상생' '중화'), 둘째, 자연과 일체감을 이루는 물리적 공간요소('중절' '상생' '중화'), 셋째, 한정된 자연에너지와 자원을 재활용하면서 지속적인 순환체계 유지('효율' '자생' '방통'), 넷째, 지역에서 얻을 수 있는 자연재료 이용('중절' '효율' '자생'), 다섯째, 미기후를 고려한 평면과 구조 결정('효율' '자생' '변통')으로 정리된다. 이에 전통주택과 조경공간은 다른 유형의 전통공간보다 자연 안에서 효율적인 자원 소비 공간을 목표하였다는 점에서 생태학적 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.147-160
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• 1997

Nowadays according to the complexity of our daily life due to the development of industry and transportation various kinds of injuries happen. Since 1993 the death rate among 5-14 age children by injuries amount to about 57%. Furthermore, the injury of children can give a direct damage to their own family and it can also bring a serious loss to the country as well as the community where they live in accord with degree of an injury. From this reason, the importance of safety education has been increasing. In this study, it is aimed to clarify the effect of injury preventive behaviors on injury incidence of the 6th grade students in the elementary school. This study is accomplished by the survey sampled from 9 elementary schools in seoul, each of which belong to different district. The survey took for 15 days from the date of september 10th 1996 to september 25th 1996 and the results were as follows; 1. For demographic characteristic, sexual distribution was 48.7% of male students and 47.1% of female students. The required time from home to school was 10-19 minutes(51.8%), and the most way of their going to school is to walk(89.7%). Mothers who graduated from high school were 46.6% and 49.4% of fathers were above university graduated level. The most vocation of mothers was housewife as 56.7%. 2. The results of analysis on the injury rates, 75.8% of children experienced more than one injury and the most was play injury. With regards to sites where injuries happened, the room, the kitchen, and the living room in the house ranked first(38.3%) and then injuries at school such as on the playground, in the classroom, and on the stairs was 34.1%. 3. Considering the rate of injury incidence in accordance with demographic characteristics, male students experienced more injuries than female students(p〈0.05). For the way from home to school, children who went to school by bicycle experienced the most injuries and then on foot, by bus in order of which differences were statistically significant(p〈0.05). 4. From the comparison of parents' safety education practice and the injury incidence, the less often parents practice safety education, the more often children experience injuries(p〈0.05). 5. The results of analysis on the effect of injury preventive behaviors on accidents children who didn't act injury preventive behaviors experienced much more injuries than those who did injury preventive behaviors of which differences were statistically significant(p〈0.01). 6. From the results of analysis of factors effecting on the elementary school children's injuries, children without injury preventive behaviors had more effect on accidents than those who had injury preventive behaviors as odds ratio 2.06(p〈0.01), and the odds ratio of male students compared with female students was 1.47(p〈0.05).

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제9권1호통권17호
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• pp.113-130
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• 1991

The purpose of the present study was to describe the expectation and the performance on the housework socialization of the age homemakers and to ivestigate their relationships to the demographic characteristics and the influences of other related factors. 344 homemakers who were older than 45 years and were living in Chunlabuk-do, 1990 were sampled for this study. The data were collected by questionnaire designed by the researcher and analyzed by using frequency, one-way ANOVA analysis of variance, t-test, and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows ; 1) The aged homemakers' housework socialization score was higher than the average, The score of the expectation was higher than one of the present performance. Scores for the utilization of the household equipments and the utilization of employes's services were higer comparing to those for other variables of the performance and the expectation respectively. 2) There was the significant differences in the each of the present performance varibles related to th housework socialization among the following demographic varables ; Age of homemakers, years of marriage, education, residence area, types of housing, monthly income, and level of housework equipment possession. 3) There was the significant differences in the expectation on the housework socialazation among the following variables ; age of homemakers, years of marriage, education, monthly income, and types of housing. The significant differences were found in the utilization of grouped, the utilization of the commodity, the utilization of the household equipments as subvariables of housework socialization, among age of homemakers, years of marriage, and level of education, The significant differences were found in the utilization of employee's services among age of homemakers, types of family, and level of health. 4) The level of education and monthly income significantly influenced on the present performance of the house work socialization. Years of marriage, significantly influenced on the utilization of grouped, education on the utilization of the commodity.(the utilization of the producted materials) and the utilization of employee's services and monthly income on the utilization of the household equipments (the utilization of the household appliances, and equipments). The years of marriage and education significantly influenced on the expectation on the housework socialization in the order, Age of homemakers and years of marriage significantly influenced on the utilization of grouped, the utilization of the commodity, the utilization of employee's services and age of homemakers and monthly income on the utilization of the household equipments.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.58-69
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• 2013

본 연구는 서민의 삶과 문화가 담긴 이태원 부군당 마을 숲의 변천 과정과 변형 전 모습을 기록하여 서민 생활문화 공간을 재조명하고자 했다. 이에 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이태원 부군당은 마을 숲의 중심건물로 가장 높은 곳에 입지하며, 이중의 담장과 금기사항으로 보존되어 왔다. 마을 숲의 물리적 요소는 부군당의 신성성을 부여하는 요소로 작용했다. 둘째, 이태원 부군당 마을 숲은 도심지 내 녹지의 역할과 남산에서 용산가족공원을 잇는 연결 녹지로서 역할을 담당한다. 더불어 비오톱 1등급 지역으로 절대 보존지역에 해당하는 생태적 가치를 지녔다. 셋째, 마을 숲 내 대경목인 느티나무와 음나무는 서울시 보호수로 지정하여 보존할 가치를 지녔다. 넷째, 부군당 건물은 한식목구조 형태로 이질적인 재료가 결합되어 건축되었다. 건축사적 희소성과 구조적 특징으로 등록문화재로 등록할 수 있는 가치를 갖추고 있다. 다섯째, 이태원 부군당에서 전해져 내려오는 당과 당제는 사라져가는 전통문화로서 가치를 지니며, 자생적인 전통 커뮤니티 발굴로도 의미를 지닌다. 이처럼 이태원 부군당 마을 숲은 지역의 전통조경 대상지로서 사라져가는 전통문화를 이어주며 오늘날 새로운 마을 공동체의 공간으로 재생되었을 때 지역의 커뮤니티 공간 및 도시경관 요소로서 잠재적 가치가 크다고 할 수 있다. 또한 부군당 건물의 경우 건축적으로도 시사하는 바가 크다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.101-117
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• 1973

Socio-medical survey was carried out on six hundred and thirty Korean households in the cities of Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, and Nagoya in Japan from Nov. 1972 to Dec. 1972, and following results were obtained. 1. Age distribution of households showed the highest occurence in the group of 40 to 49 years of age in the both sexes. Families with five members showed highest occurence, and the average number of familial members was 5.7 persons per one household. 2. More than half of the householders were some independent enterprisers rather than to be the employees and most of the household had one familial member engaged in more or less liberal profession. 3. 19.4% of households moved into these cities from 1941 to 1945. 4. 40.5% of all the households had their own houses. The possession rate of one's own house was higher in the households which had long period of residence in Japan. 5. 83.5% of all households had various medical insurances. And the 6.2% of the household which had no insurance stated that the reason for not being affiliated was 'because to be the foreigner'. Household of shorter dwelling period had less tendency to be affiliated to the various insurances. 6. In 41.3% of all the households, average medical expenditure amounted to 1000-5000 Yen per month. And only 25.6% of household stated that they do not worry about the medical expenditure for the futures. 7. 66.3% of households were consulting to medical doctors for their sickness, such as toothache, severe coughing, profuse sputum, children's fever and stomach pain etc. 8. 59.4% of households were using the facilities of health center services. The health center service was used mainly for individual health service rather than the environmental aspect. And 19.8% of households were not aware of health center activities. 9. It was found that 23.5% of households received the screening test of the tuberculosis and adult diseases. Especially, the rate of screening test of the adult diseases showed as following ; stomach cancer, 8.9% ; hypertension, 7.9% ; diabetes mellitus, 2.1% ; and uterus cancer, 1.6%. 10. Birth control was carried out in 17.3% of households but not in 52.5%. The chief reason of birth control was 'because of poor maternal health' (40.0%) or 'should not be done' (5.4%). 11. Most of them are obtaining the knowledges and informations on family plannings. public nuisance problems and nutritions etc. by means of the mass communications, while those no preventing diseases and the environmental hygiene through the administrative organizations.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.280-287
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• 1997

낙동강 수계의 오염을 방지하고 수계에 미치는 농업부문의 오염원을 파악해서 환경보전형 농업의 현장 적용모델을 얻고자 실시되고 있는 봉황천 수계지역에 대한 토지이용현황과 토양특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 가구는 농가가 대부분(91.9%)이었으며, 주민수의 비율은 남녀 서로 비슷하였다. 경지면적은 논이 64.4% 밭과 과수원이 각각 19.6% 및 16.0%이었고, 작물별 재배면적은 벼>보리>시설원예작물 순이었다. 가축수는 닭이 가장 많았고 돼지, 한우, 젖소 순으로 적었으나 대가축단위(독일)로는 한우가 돼지보다 오히려 더 많았다. 2. 조사지역의 지질 및 토양모재는 봉황천 하류 농경지는 충적층이었지만, 기타 대부분 지역은 안산암 유래 곡간퇴적물이 가장 넓은 면적을 차지하고 있었다. 낙동강 하류의 충적층과 인접한 곳에는 응회암이 적은 면적으로 산재되어 있고, 섬록암과 화강섬록암 등의 중성암도 일부 저구릉과 산악지에 분포되어 있었다. 3. 농경지 토양중 봉황천 상류에서 신월교까지의 곡간 및 선상지 등에는 금곡통, 칠곡통, 지산통, 임곡통이 대부분이었으며, 초동저수지 앞의 넓은 하성평탄지는 대부분이 평택통이었고, 저구릉지쪽을 따라 길게 호남통이 분포하며, 낙동강변은 규암통과 호남통이 넓은 면적을 차지하고 있었다. 4. 토양중 무기성분함량에서 하우스 토양은 전기전도도(EC)가, 과수원 토양은 유기물 유효인산 치환성 양이온이 다른 토양보다 높았다. 밭토양의 유효인산함량은 전국 평균치 및 개량목표치보다 각각 1.7배 및 1.9배 높았고, 비닐하우스 논토양은 적정치보다 치환성 마그네슘과 칼리함량이 약간 높았다. 과수원 토양은 적정치보다 유효인산이 3.7~7.4배, 치환성 마그네슘 및 칼리함량이 각자 1.1~1.8배 및 2.0~4.0배 더 높았다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2002

'gender'는 사회적 의미의 성(性)이고 'sex'는 생물학적인 성(性)을 의미한다. 'gender'는 남녀 차별적인 'sex'보다 대등한 남녀간의 관계를 내포하며, 평등에 있어서도 모든 사회적인 동등함을 실현시켜야 한다는 뜻이 함축되어 있기 때문이다. 점점 더 많은 수의 여성이 과거의 남성 직업으로 진출해왔고, 직업 구조 자체가 바뀌어 가는 과정에서 여성의 일과 남성의 일의 구체적 목록은 변해 왔지만, 여전히 여성주의적 디자인 접근은 피상적인 답보상태에 머무르고 있고 수많은 가전제품의 도입과 개선이 이루어졌음에도 여성의 가사노동 부담은 상대적으로 개선된 점이 없다. 이미 과거의 남성들이 해왔던 일들은 대부분 기계화가 되었다. 현대적 가정기술은 여성이 가사노동의 조력자나 위임자 없이도 가정의 안락한 생활을 유지하는 것을 가능케 함으로써 여성의 사회활동에 기폭제가 된 것만은 틀림없다. 이에 따라 시대 변화 속에서 젠더 디자인의 개념 수립과 이에 따른 전략적 접근이 필요하다. 앞으로 우리의 삶과 상관되는 여성의 주체적 선택이 주어질 수 있는 디자인으로 바뀌기를 바라면서, 사회 속에서 여성의 노동과 그에 따른 가사활동의 문제를 제기하여 남성적 사고가 아닌 여성의 입장에서 디자인을 살펴보고자 했다.