• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.11-21
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• 2002

A series of model tests is performed to evaluate the relationship between soil and a buried pipe in soil undergoing lateral movement. As the result of the model tests, a wedge zone and plastic flow zones could be observed in front of the pipe. And also an arc failure of cylindrical cavity could be observed at both upper and lower zones. Failure shapes in both cohesionless and cohesive soils are nearly same, which was investigated failure angle of $45^{\circ}+{\phi}/2$. In the cohesionless soil, the higher relative density produces the larger arc of cylindrical cavity. On the basis of failure mode observed from model tests, the lateral earth pressure acting on a buried pipe in soil undergoing lateral movement could be applying the cylindrical cavity extension mode. The deformation behavior of soils was typically appeared in three divisions, which are elastic zones, plastic zones and pressure behavior zones.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.7 no.2 s.19
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• pp.14-21
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• 2003

Frequency analysis of city gas pipeline was studied and then the method to give frequencies of failure by the third-party digging, corrosion, ground movement, and equipment failure which were known to be the major cause of risk of city gas pipeline. The failure by the third-party digging was analyzed by fault tree analysis and the failure by corrosion was analyzed by applying equation calculating remaining strength with time. The failure by ground movement was evaluated by applying modified model which was induced through weighing factors with basic failure rate model. The failure rate of equipment was calculated with both generic and specific data

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

For reliability assessment for machine tools, failure mode analyses by two viewpoints were studied in this paper. First, this study developed the reliability data analysis program, which searches f3r optimal failure distribution like failure rate or MTBF(Mean Time Between Failure) using failure data and reliability test data of mechanical parts in the web. Moreover, this data analysis program saves both failure data or reliability data and their failure rate or MTBF for database establishment. Second, this paper conducted failure mode analysis through such performance tests as circular movement test and vibration testing for machine tools when reliability data is not available. A developed web-based analysis program shows correlations between failure mode and performance test result and also accumulates all the data. These kinds of data analysis programs and stored data furnish valuable information for improving the reliability of mechanical system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.369-374
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• 2004

Web-based analysis programs for reliability assessment of machine tools were developed in this study. First, the reliability data analysis program was developed to search for failure rate using failure data and reliability test data of mechanical part. Second, failure mode analysis was developed through performance tests like circular movement test vibration test for machine tools. This analysis program shows correlation between failure mode and performance test result. Third, tool life was predicted by correlation between flank wear and cutting time, using the extended Taylor tool life equation in turning data and the equivalently converted equation in order to apply ball endmill data to Taylor tool life equation in milling data. All the information related to input and result data can be stored in theses programs.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2014

This paper investigates the development of failure surfaces induced by an embankment on soft marine clay deposits and the characteristics of such surfaces through numerical simulations and its comparative study with monitoring results. It is well known that the factor of safety of embankment slopes is closely related to the vertical loading, including the height of the embankment. That is, an increase in the embankment height reduces the factor of safety. However, few studies have examined the relationship between the lateral movement of soft soil beneath the embankment and the factor of safety. In addition, no study has investigated the distribution of the pore pressure coefficient B value along the failure surface. This paper conducts a continuum analysis using finite difference methods to characterize the development of failure surfaces during embankment construction on soft marine clay deposits. The results of the continuum analysis for failure surfaces, stress, displacement, and the factor of safety can be used for the management of embankment construction. In failure mechanism, it has been validated that a large shear displacement causes change of stress and pore pressure along the failure surface. In addition, the pore pressure coefficient B value decreases along the failure surface as the embankment height increases. This means that the rate of change in stress is higher than that in pore pressure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1988.06c
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• pp.3-67
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• 1988

Model studies on the response of homgeneous earth embankment dams subjected to strike-slip fault movement have been penomed via centrifuge and finite element analysis. The centrifuge model tests have shown that crack development in earth embankment experiences two major patters: shear failure deep inside the embankment and tension failure near the surface. The shear rupture zone develops from the base level and propagates upward continuously in the transverse direction but allows no open leakage chnnel. The open tensile cracks develop near the surface of the embankment, but they disappear deep in the embankment. The functional relationship has been developed based on the results of the centrifuge model tests incorporating tile variables of amount of fault movement, embankment geometry, and crack propagation extent in earth des. This set of information can be used as a guide line to evaluate a "transient" safety of the duaged embankment subjected to strike-slip fault movement. The finite element analysis has supplemented the additional expluations on crack development behavior identified from the results of the centrifuge model tests. The bounding surface time-independent plasticity soil model was employed in the numerical analysis. Due to the assumption of continuum in the current version of the 3-D FEM code, the prediction of the soil structure response beyond the failure condition was not quantitatively accurate. However, the fundamental mechanism of crack development was qualitatively evaluated based on the stress analysis for the deformed soil elements of the damaged earth embankment. The tensile failure zone is identified when the minor principal stress of the deformed soil elements less than zero. The shear failure zone is identified when the stress state of the deformed soil elements is at the point where the critical state line intersects the bounding surface.g surface.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2009

This study aims to analyze the association between the center of mass(C.O.G) and ocular movement(E.O.G) according to the success and failure in the left turn motion on the balance beam, targeting three female gymnasts. When successful, the left-right C.O.G was moved to the left, which was a rotational direction until such time as the body rotated $180^{\circ}$, whereas there appeared to be a greater movement during failure; thus, it was shown to affect the maintenance of dynamic postural control. In case of the subsequent left-right turning motion of E.O.G, this matches the previous theory that the eyeball moves against the direction of rotation of the body. However, there was a difference at the time of movement, and a clear difference emerged in the success and failure in this study. Also, in the E.O.G in the up-down direction, a movement during failure showed a pattern of down direction in most cases; thus, it is deemed to affect the failure. Therefore, the kinetic postural control and E.O.G are supposed to affect the success and failure in a landing, which is the most importantly evaluated movement on the balance beam, in mutual association.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.221-230
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• 2003

Many hydraulic structures are damaged by under flood flow and storm waves year after year. Many cases of dike and breakwater failure are caused by the suck out of sand from behind the revetment. This type of failure will be in close relation to the dynamic behavior of sand bed around the revetment. In this paper, from this point of view we investigated the basic characteristics of such sand movement by small model tests and tried to explanation the hydro- and soil mechanical mechanism of this phenomenon theoretically.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.833-841
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• 2008

Recently, the upheaval generation in the road which is under service had been reported. Due to the upheaval generation, total 4 lanes were forced to curtail to 3 lanes, and traffic was delayed. In normal situation of cut-slopes in korea, that condition is hard to detect since most cut-slopes contain discontinuous material, that is rock. Common collapses in rock-slopes is wedge failure, plane failure and toppling failure which is all individual mechanism of discontinuous rock mass. In contrast, such upheaval in the road in front of cut-slope can be generated only when circular movement is triggered within the cut-slope. In this sense, rock-slopes barely show any kind of movement in the road locates at the front of them. Numerical analysis is general method in simulation of slope displacement and evaluation of safety. However, numerical analysis programs which are related with rock-slopes are not able to simulate such upheaval movement because that programs are based on discontinuous modeling mechanism. In addition, although numerical analysis programs which are based on FEM/FDM and thus utilize continuous modeling mechanism are able to simulate circular movement and upheaval situation, they have weakness in reflecting discontinuities of rock-slope itself. In this study, detailed in-site investigation and numerical analysis based on in-site condition were performed in order to expect upheaval movement in the road. In this procedure, the FLAC program which uses continuous modeling method was utilized, and new approach reflecting discontinuity developed toward the road with a ubiquitous joint model was tried to derive reliable analysis result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.90-93
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• 2002

In view of reliability assessment, the failure mode analysis by performance tests for machine totals is researched in this study. First, the error analysis with circular movement test data is studied. The various errors and their origins are analyzed by error equations and related parts are investigated. Second, This paper deals with analysis of vibration testing fur machine tools spindle. The various frequency components are classified by FFT and order analysis. The simple measuring devices and error evaluation programs for tests are also developed.