• 전기화학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2016

본 실험에서는 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate(TMA)와 합성된 스티렌 계열의 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-vinylbenzyl ether(TVBE)으로 구성된 단독 및 공중합체를 합성하였으며 산화반응을 이용하여 고분자 라디칼로 변환시켰다. 제조된 고분자 라디칼은 카본블랙, 바인더와 함께 혼합되어 알루미늄 극판에 코팅되었으며 코인셀로 구성하여 전지특성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 폴리스티렌 기반의 중합체는 폴리메타크릴레이트 기반의 재료에 비해 낮은 산화반응성과 낮은 방전용량을 보여주었다. 하지만 $60^{\circ}C$의 고온에서 실시된 방전실험에서는 폴리스티렌 기반에서 더욱 우수한 방전특성을 나타났다. 또한 예상대로 고분자 라디칼로 구성된 전지에서 우수한 율특성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2003

최근 초고속 무선접속 및 3세대 이동통신 이후 시스템의 신규 서비스 도입을 위해 5 GHz 대역에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 이러한 주파수 확보를 위해 수요감소와 경제성이 낮은 6 GHz 이하의 마이크로웨이브 중계주파수 이전을 6 GHz 이상의 대역으로 고려하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 주파수 이전을 대비한 마이크로웨이브 링크설계의 품질분석 수단으로 Vigants & Barnett의 불가동 예측 모델을 검토하였다. 불가동 및 가용율 계산에대한 실례를 보이기 위해 4 GHz 운용 국소를 분석하였으며, 6.7 및 8 GHz 대역으로 이전시의 고려사항과 다이버시티 종류, 비트 오율 및 가용율에 대해 수치 계산한 결과를 제시하였다. 계산 결과에의하면 공간 다이버시티 또는 공간 및 주파수 다이버시티를 혼용하는 경우에만 주파수 이전에 상관없이 년간 목표 가용율을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

The aim of study was to elucidate dyeability and antimicrobial and antifungal activity of silk fabrics dyed with Sophora Radix extracts according to different mordants. Dyes were extracted from Sophora Radix using ethanol. Then, silk fabrics were dyed with extracts two times by post-mordanting method in which the extract was 60%(owf), the mordant was 3%(owf), L.R was 1:20, the temperature was $60~60^\circ{C}$, the time of dyeing was 60min., and the time of mordanting was 60min. The dyeability was evaluated by surface color, K/S values and durability of dye. The skin microorganisms used in this study was S. sureus, B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, P. acnes, P. aeruginosa, E coli, A. niger, C. albicans and T. mentatrophytes. The results are as follows; 1. When mordants were added, K/S value of silk dyed was not improved much and surface color was 2.2Y to 8.8Y in H(hue) value which indicated greenish yellow to raddish yellow 2. The color fastness tests to light, perspiration, dry-cleaning, rubbing, and stain fabric washing show 4~5th degree which were valuated excellent. The color fastness to fade washing was improved to 3~4th degree by addition of $K_2CrO_7$ mordants. 3. Antibacterial activity of silk dyed using no-mordant as well as mordants was excellent on S. aureus, B. subtilis, S.epidermidis and P.acnes, but showed poor antibacterial activities on P.aeruginosa and E.coli such as gram negative baterials 4. Antifungal activity of silk dyed with ethanol extracts was good on A.niger, C.candida and T.mentagrophytes. Especially, on T. mentagrophytes there was no growth of fungus during 72 gous in silk dyed mordanting with $SnCl_2\cdot{2H}_2O$.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.325-337
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pre and post-rigor marinade injections on some quality parameters of Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles. Three marinade formulations were prepared with 2% NaCl, 2% NaCl+0.5 M lactic acid and 2% NaCl+0.5 M sodium lactate. In this study marinade uptake, pH, free water, cooking loss, drip loss and color properties were analyzed. Injection time had significant effect on marinade uptake levels of samples. Regardless of marinate formulation, marinade uptake of pre-rigor samples injected with marinade solutions were higher than post rigor samples. Injection of sodium lactate increased pH values of samples whereas lactic acid injection decreased pH. Marinade treatment and storage period had significant effect on cooking loss. At each evaluation period interaction between marinade treatment and injection time showed different effect on free water content. Storage period and marinade application had significant effect on drip loss values. Drip loss in all samples increased during the storage. During all storage days, lowest CIE $L^*$ value was found in pre-rigor samples injected with sodium lactate. Lactic acid injection caused color fade in pre-rigor and post-rigor samples. Interaction between marinade treatment and storage period was found statistically significant (p<0.05). At day 0 and 3, the lowest CIE $b^*$ values obtained pre-rigor samples injected with sodium lactate and there were no differences were found in other samples. At day 6, no significant differences were found in CIE $b^*$ values of all samples.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.517-521
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• 2009

Si-C composite with hollow spherical structure was synthesized using ultrasonic treatment of organosilica powder formed by hydrolysis of phenyltrimethoxysilane. The prepared powder was pyrolyzed at various temperatures ranging from 900 to 1300 $^{\circ}C$ under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain optimum conditions for Li-ion battery anode materials with high capacity and cyclability. The XRD and elemental analysis results show that the pyrolyzed Si/C composite at 1100 $^{\circ}C$ has low oxygen and nitrogen levels, which is desirable for increasing the electrochemical capacity and reducing the irreversible capacity of the first discharge. The solid Si-C composite electrode shows a first charge capacity of $\sim$500 mAhg$^{-1}$ and a capacity fade within 30 cycles of 0.93% per cycle. On the other hand, the electrochemical performance of the hollow Si-C composite electrode exhibits a reversible charge capacity of $\sim$540 mAhg$^{-1}$ with an excellent capacity retention of capacity loss 0.43% per cycle up to 30 cycles. The improved electrochemical properties are attributed to facile diffusion of Li ions into the hollow shell with nanoscale thickness. In addition, the empty core space provides a buffer zone to relieve the mechanical stresses incurred during Li insertion.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2002

Compared with synthetic dyes, natural dyes have inferior colorfastness as a result of the exposure of the material to any environment that may be encountered during the processing, testing, storage, display or use of the dyed materials. Especially, colors on fabrics fade excessively after washing. Therefore, it is problem to infer the historic textiles with natural-dyed fabrics. The object of this study is to analyse the factors affected to colorfastness and color change during washing. In experimental, fifteen natural dyes were dyed by the Korean traditional dyeing methods onto natural fiber fabrics: cotton, silk, ramie, and flex. Total 49 dyed fabrics in combination with dyes and fibers were used for the specimen. The Launder-Ometer was used for evaluating the effects of exposure to repetitive washing from 1 to 20 washing cycles (KS K 0430). Color difference(ΔE) in the CIEL＊A＊B＊ color-order system were determined by spectrophotometer at 100 bserver. Washing caused significant changes in the color of natural-dyed fabrics. The degree and nature of color changes on the fabrics were dependent on the combination of fiber and the dye type used. The groups of violet(Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc) and black color(Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Phus trichocarpa Miq) yielded excellent colorfastness to repetitive washing. The group of indigo blue color(Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) was also very resistant to color change in washing except silk. Whereas the dye groups of Red, Yellow, Orange, Brown colors indicated greatest changes in color, particularly Carthamus tinctorius L.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2004

The A17075/CFRP multi-layered hybrid laminate material consists of the alternating A17075-T6 sheets and carbon/epoxy prepregs of M40 fade. The influence of volume fraction and fiber orientation of A17075/CFRP layer on flexural properties of A17075/CFRP laminate alternating A17075-T6 and carbon/epoxy prepreg was investigated. The results obtained from the experimental analysis are as follows: 1. In the $0^{\circ}$ fiber orientation, the mont of increase of the flexural rigidity was $20.5\%$ at the $26.5\%$ volume fraction and $38.0\%\;at\;the\;35.7\%$ volume fraction compared with the flexural rigidity level(20.0GPa) of the $10\%$ volume fraction of CFRP. 2. In the $\pm45^{\circ}$ fiber orientation the amount of decrease of the flexural rigidity was $23.5\%\;at\;the\;20.0\%$ volume fraction and $31.5\%\;at\;the\;33.3\%$ volume fraction compared with the flexural rigidity level of the $10\%$ volume fraction of CFRP. 3. In the $0^{\circ}$ fiber orientation, the flexural strength was 481.5MPa at the $10\%$ volume fraction of CFRP and 583.8MPa at the $26.5\%$ volume fraction and 653.7MPa at the $35.7\%$ volume faction. 4. In the $\pm45^{\circ}$ fiber orientation, the flexural strength was 354.0MPa at the $20.0\%$ volume fraction of CFRP and 340.5MPa at the $33.3\%$ volume fraction.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.715-722
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 증강현실 응용으로 진동촉각 햅틱 마우스를 이용하여 버블 포핑을 구현하는 버블포핑 증강현실 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템에서는 가상 그래픽 버블이 3차원 공간에서 랜덤하게 떠다닌다. 사용자의 진동촉각마우스가 버블과 접촉하면 버블이 터지는 포핑이 발생한다. 또한 포핑 효과와 더불어, 마우스가 진동을 함으로써 마우스를 잡고 있는 사용자의 손에 보다 실감나는 버블포핑을 전달한다. 제안 시스템은 진동촉각마우스, 비디오 입력용 웹캠, 마커 패턴 영상, 그래픽 구 버블 객체, 그래픽 마우스 등으로 구성된다. 버블과의 충돌이 발생하게 되면, 마우스 진동과 버블 포핑의 두가지 효과를 동시에 제공한다. 버블포핑 이벤트로 페이드 아웃 및 발산 이드 아웃 기법을 제안한다. 따라서 시각 및 촉각 버블 포핑은 단일 효과보다 실감있는 증강현실을 전달한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.514-522
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• 2015

Microwave 무선 링크에서 거리에 따라 고 품질의 무선 링크를 지속적으로 보장하기 위해서는 무선 페이딩에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 링크 거리에 따라 동일한 고정 변조 방식을 적용할 경우 거리에 따른 페이딩 발생 확률의 증가로 장거리의 경우 요구 가용도를 지속적으로 보장하기 어렵다. 이를 위해 AM(Adaptive Modulation)이 유용하지만 AM만으로는 가변되는 전송량으로 인해 가용도 보장에 제한사항이 있다. 이전 연구에서 링크 거리를 고려한 전송 성능 향상 기법을 제안 했었다. 그러나, 이전 방법은 변수를 고려한 수식을 제시하지 않아 공통 적용을 위해서는 보완이 필요하였다. 본 논문에서는 장거리 무선 링크에서 가용도 보장을 위한 페이드 마진을 고려한 AM에 기반한 우선순위 트래픽 전송량 산출식을 제시하고 채널 대역폭 비교를 통한 최적화된 적응 전송 기법을 제안한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2010

We identified Lacrymaria velutina of the Coprinaceae in Korea. The unusually large and sturdy fruiting body, fibrillose to fibrillose-scaly cap and stalk without a volva with an obscure superior hairy ring zone or hairy annulus, and blackish brown, warted spores distinguished this species from closely related Psathyrella species. An illustrated account of the microscopic traits is presented. Fruiting bodies with obtusely hemispherical caps, 2.5~6 cm, becoming convex with age; surface dry, densely fibrillose-scaly with split margin; stipe, 4.5~6 cm, equal, hollow, fibrillose, dry, whitish above the superior ring zone, light brown below; crowded gills, adnexed, dark black at maturity. Pileipellis typically cellular with the gill edge appearing white and beaded. Blackish brown basidiospores that discolor in concentrated sulfuric acid. Spores elliptical, warted, $9\sim11{\times}6\sim8{\mu}m$, with prominent snout-like germpores. Cheilocystidia abundant, $57\sim68{\times}19\sim25{\mu}m$, and narrowly elongated clavate, often clustered in threes or fours. Pleurocystidia rarely present, $45\sim47.5{\times}12\sim13{\mu}m$, and clavate to utriform. This trait distinguishes our sample as L. velutina from other Psathyrella spp. of the Coprinaceae, which have smooth spores. This taxon was clarified by the observation that Psathyrella spores fade in concentrated sulfuric acid. A molecular phylogenetic study revealed that our specimen was Lacrymria velutipes, which is closely related to Lacrymaria lacrymabunda. Moreover, those two species are clearly distinguishable from other Psathyrella species, which agreed with the morphologically distinctive traits described above. We believe that this is the first report of this taxon, which has not been described in Korea.