• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.2333-2345
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• 2024

Facial wrinkles are widely used to evaluate skin condition or aging for various fields such as skin diagnosis, plastic surgery consultations, and cosmetic recommendations. In order to effectively process facial wrinkles in facial image analysis, accurate wrinkle segmentation is required to identify wrinkled regions. Existing deep learning-based methods have difficulty segmenting fine wrinkles due to insufficient wrinkle data and the imbalance between wrinkle and non-wrinkle data. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new facial wrinkle segmentation method based on a UNet++ model. Specifically, we construct a new facial wrinkle dataset by manually annotating fine wrinkles across the entire face. We then extract only the skin region from the facial image using a facial landmark point extractor. Lastly, we train the UNet++ model using both dice loss and focal loss to alleviate the class imbalance problem. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct comprehensive experiments using our facial wrinkle dataset. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was superior to the latest wrinkle segmentation method by 9.77%p and 10.04%p in IoU and F1 score, respectively.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to estimate the wrinkle treatment effect of Miso Facial Acupuncture with the facial skin photographing system. Methods : Six middle-aged women with no diseases were recruited. Miso Facial Acupuncture, a total ten times was performed three times a week. The facial skin photograph of each participant was checked two times-pretreatment, posttreatment-using the facial skin photographing system. Both squares and counts of wrinkles in the facial 3 parts were measured for each one. Results : Both squares and counts of wrinkles were decreased on average. The improvement of lower eyelid were the best of all. And the wrinkles of outside of lip were reduced a little. Conclusions : in this study, we could evaluate the wrinkle treatment effects of Miso Facial Acupuncture by an objective and scientific method. Miso Facial Acupuncture has notable effect in wrinkle treatment. As though we had not wide experiences in this treatment, more researches are needed.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1062-1067
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to estimate skin care effect of Miso Facial Rejuvenation Acupuncture with the facial skin photographing system and ultrasonography. 4 Patients who made first visits to Daegu Oriental Hospital of Daegu Hanny University from August 7, 2009 to August 12, 2009 were each given five-times treatments of Miso Facial Rejuvenation Acupunture. The facial skin photography of each participant was checked two times-pretreatment, posttreatment-using the facial skin photographing system and ultrasonography. The squares and counts of 2parts of facial winkles and thickness of masseter muscle were measured for each one. The squares and counts of facial wrinkles were decreased. The thickness of masseter muscle were decreased. On this study, we could evaluate the wrinkle treatment effects and reduction of masseter muscle of Miso Facial Rejuvenation Acupuncture by an objective method. Miso Facial Rejuvenation Acupuncture has notable effect in wrinkle treatment and reduction of masseter muscle. As though we had not wide experience in this treatment, more research is needed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 얼굴의 전체적인 특징(윤곽선, 얼굴크기, 눈, 코) 분석에 기반을 둔 가중치 주름 검출 방법을 제안한다. 첫째 입력된 영상에서 능동적 외향 방법을 이용하여 얼굴의 전체적인 주요 성분을 검출하게 되는데, 크게 형태 기반과 외향 방법으로 구성되어 있다. 이것은 얼굴 모델을 학습하고, 학습된 모델을 기반으로 새로운 영상에서 얼굴을 정합할 때 사용된다. 두 번째로는 영상에서 얼굴과 배경을 분리하고, 얼굴에서 주름 확률이 가장 큰 곳 네 곳을 선정하여 주름 가중치를 높게 부과하다. 마지막으로 가중치를 부여한 관심 영역에 대해서 캐니에지 알고리즘을 적용하여 주름을 검출하게 된다. 제안한 알고리즘은 다양한 종류의 영상을 사용하여 실험 하였으며, 실험결과 대부분의 영상에서 높은 성능의 얼굴 및 주름 검출 결과를 보였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.42.1-42.15
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• 2019

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used in various ways such as temporarily resolving muscular problems in musculoskeletal temporomandibular disorders, inducing a decrease in bruxism through a change in muscular patterns in a patient's bruxism, and solving problems in patients with tension headache. And also, BTX is widely used in cosmetic applications for the treatment of facial wrinkles after local injection, but conditions such as temporomandibular joint disorders, headache, and neuropathic facial pain could be treated with this drug. In this report, we will discuss the clinical use of BTX for facial wrinkle, intraoral ulcer, and cranio-maxillofacial pain with previous studies and share our case.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of needle-embedding therapy against facial wrinkle. Methods : Ten patients with facial wrinkles were treated with needle-embedding therapy. Pictures and satisfaction questionnaire were compared before and after the treatment. And all patients were examined for adverse side effect after needle-embedding therapy. Results : After treatment, facial wrinkles were visibly improved after needle-embedding therapy. There were no adverse side effect except bruise. Conclusions : This study suggests that needle-embedding therapy can improve facial wrinkles.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of korean herbal cosmetics for facial skin elasticity. Methods : We recruited patients and divided them to cosmetics group and control group randomly. We provided korean herbal cosmetics to cosmetics group and subjects in cosmetics group applied the provided cosmetics for 4 weeks. Control group waited and applied cosmetics that had previously used for 4 weeks. We assessed all subjects in 0 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. Primary assessment instrument was moire topography photo scale. Second assessment instrument was skin moisture, oiliness and elasticity which assessed with skintouch system v1.0, detox/regeneration questionnaire score and self-evaluating facial wrinkle/looseness score. Result : Moire topography photo scale improved in cosmetics group than control group significantly. Skin moisture and elasticity assessed with skintouch system improved in cosmetics group than control group significantly while skin oiliness assessed with skintouch system have not improved significantly. Detox/regeneration questionnaire score and self-evaluating facial wrinkle/looseness score improved in cosmetics group than control group significantly. Conclusion : Korean herbal cosmetics application might be effective method for facial skin elasticity.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of Cosmetic Acupuncture through reinterpretation of anatomy and physiology. Methods : The causes of wrinkle increases and rapid aging of facial skin were studied and the theoretical system of Cosmetic Acupuncture treatment was analyzed through anatomy and physiology reinterpretation. Results and Conclusions : An increase in wrinkles and rapid aging of facial skin is caused by xerosis. Skin condition represents the condition of subcutaneous muscle. The reason why skin becomes easily dry is the heat produced by craniofacial part. Craniofacial part always generates lot of physiological fever because of the muscles. This physiological fever is produced from the muscles that are responsible for maintaining skull suture, controlling the movement of temporomandibular joint, maintaining head and neck posture. Controlling this fever is the crux of Cosmetic Acupuncture mechanism. These muscles correspond to Foot Taeyang meridian-muscle, Foot Soyang meridian-muscle and Foot Yangmyung meridian-muscle. Cosmetic Acupuncture is effective for preventing facial skin from aging and wrinkle increase by mechanical stimulus on facial muscles, and for controlling craniofacial part meridian-muscle system producing the heat.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.448-456
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• 2003

The prime objective of many facial wrinkle-reduction treatments is to achieve visible improvement. Thus the visibility of before/after treatment differences is often part of an efficacy assessment. This paper investigates whether the background knowledge of the people acting as observers in such assessments is of impact on the results: e.g. the subjects themselves are familiar with their faces, skin professionals have much experience in judging skin quality, and thus both might be more sensitive to small changes. In a clinical study 44 Female subjects were regularly treated during a period of 12 weeks with one of three wrinkle-reduction methods: K, Land M (placebo). Photographs were taken before treatment and at 6 and 12 weeks. The photographs were judged by 3 types of observers:ㆍ24 Lay observers were given the 0＆6-week and the 0＆12-week photo pairs of all subjects to indicate the one with the least wrinkles in a two-alternative forced-choice (TAFC) procedure.ㆍThe subjects themselves were given the 0＆6-weel and the 0＆12-week pair of their own photos (8 replications) to indicate the photo with the least wrinkles (TAFC).ㆍA trained panel of skin professionals (N=3) each gave 9-point Fitzpatrick wrinkle-severity scores for all individual 0-week and 12-week photos. We found that the lay observers perceived the same differences as the subjects themselves: significant improvements after 12 weeks for treatment K (p<0.0005 and p=0.005, respectively), no visible effects for treatments Land M, and, most importantly, a significant difference between treatments K and M/placebo (p=0.02 and p=0.04, respectively). Also the trained panel found this difference between K and M (p=0.013), but here it was due to a significant deterioration over time of the 'placebo-treated' wrinkles (M, p=0.03). Thus in conclusion we have found no indications that extra knowledge - in the form of familiarity with the own face or in the form of professional training - results in the identification of more treatments that show significantly visible wrinkle-reduction.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2017

Cosmetic use of botulinum toxin in the maxillofacial area has increased. Lower facial contouring is mostly performed procedure. Treatment of dynamic lines of the forehead, glabella, lateral orbit is also popular. Specific injection sites and clinical guidelines are presented.