• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.4 s.21
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• pp.95-112
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• 1999

This Study starts from a recognition that the architecture is based on the process demanded by substantial needs as well as pure theoretical logic system. So this study aims at proposing another point of view differentiating process and principle of architecture from pure theoretical logic system in the creative process of the Governor's Palace by analyzing drawings in chronological order. Even though the Governor's Palace had not been built because of discord between authorities of India and Le Corbusier, it is undoubtedly one of the best proposals which contains very concepts and ideas of later Le Corbusier's architectural intentions. In the first design stage, overall conception of the building was carried out in the sketches and drawings till Jan, 1954 and in the second stage, the elaboration of the project was pursued till Mar. 1995. The scheme tends to begin too large and general in character, becoming tighter and more complex under pressure from the client and adjustments required by the design process itself. For example, scale reduction, division and development of internal circulation system and applying his early 'Five Points'. So new solutions are searched by oscillating between compromise modifications and radically different solutions in contracting the first ideas. From all these, it is concluded that the early doctrine (Five Points) are adjusted and extended towards another stage by the use of restricted pilotis, the concept of fenetre en longueur transformed into a sub stricture of facade, sustained concept of le plan libre, les toits jardins extended towards concept of the urban area. And these formal intentions of the Governor's Place has been carried through other contemporary projects like Mill Owner's Association in 1954 and Villa Shodan in 1952.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.110-118
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• 2009

This research is an experimental study on BIPV Power performance of See-through a-si and Light-through applying external curtain wall. In case of See-through a-si Photovoltaic, appropriateness of facade applying standard($950\;{\times}\;980mm$) large($950\;{\times}\;1960mm$)area photovoltaic was examined. Transparent performance was also investigated through Power simulation according to angles and seasons of See-through a-si and Light-through Photovoltaic so that Power output was surveyed with using designed and manufactured Mock-up. When comparing See-through a-si to Light-through Photovoltaic for simulation Power output on angles based on full south aspect, which the result was that See-through a-si Power output according to Light-through Power output was the highest of 65.5% when applying a 90 degree angle. Monthly accumulated average Power output during winter seasons (December, January and February) applying a vertical plane on full south aspect was analyzed, which results in 66.37W/h of See-through a-si and 139.1 W/h of Light-through. See-through a-si Power output showed 47.7% in comparison with Light-through transparent. Also monthly, hourly average Power efficiency according to solar radiation during winter seasons (December, January and February) was that 4.7% of See-Through a-si and 9.8% of Light-through.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.368-374
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• 2013

Maintenance works for current high-rise buildings significantly depend on human labor, unlike other construction processes that are gradually being automated. Herein, this paper proposes robotic building maintenance system using motion control, in specific, reducing a system jerk which is directly subjected to improve the process performance and economic feasibility. The sensor for detecting straight and curvature section of the building facade, moreover rail-joint segment can be detected and be utilized for reducing jerk of the system. Analysis of the proposed system error caused by excessive vibration, e.g. jerk motion is introduced. To enhance the stability and safety of the system, herein, the strategy is proposed for enhancing the performance of the system based on anti-jerk motion control algorithm which comes out increasing the stability and sustainability of the integrated system, as well.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.742-749
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• 2006

In the network-based game where it uses the Internet infrastructure, the implementation is possible with the various methods. Such Applications are developed in the multi-tired architecture. There are many cases for the server to be separated from the hardware or the software. In this case, a lot of applications make the distributed process possible and are made as the multi-tiered architecture to develop the reusability of the existing software module. Especially, it is mostly general to separate for the case of a database server to a new tier. One of the important points of multi-tiered server side applications is security and because of this, it is difficult to share the related data about the design skill. Using design patterns, it gives help in reusing the existing written-code for the design of the game that needs a lot of money and time. Design Patterns are related to the software reuse. For the development of more efficient games, if well-defined design patterns are provided to the developers, then it would make more easy advanced game API and make possible the framework for the game development based on the API Through the analysis of the general network-based game currently servicing in the Internet, in this paper, we discuss how to implement a business logic tier using database system among the server side architectures. The main objective of this article is to show an efficient APIs(Application Programming Interfaces) design method which can be used to manage the data that must be saved to the database system among the packets that client/server have to be exchange.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.220-229
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• 2012

In recent years, the number of high-rise buildings has been on the rise. As buildings have become larger in scale, significantly different issues related to their construction and maintenance have emerged. In addition, the automation and mechanization of the cleaning work for the curtain wall, one of the most frequently-performed tasks in building maintenance, is required as a fundamental measure. For this reason, a guide-rail cleaning robot system is emerging as one of the measures in response to external factors, including gust. Therefore, this is a preliminary study for the automation and mechanization of the curtain wall cleaning of high-rise buildings, and aims to derive the basic units and prepare for the concept of the guide rail. It is expected to serve as precedent research for the development and operation of a curtain-wall cleaning robot, and to prepare the basis for an final design of optimal guide rail.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1269-1280
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• 2009

This study was performed to construct sound performance DB of royal palace buildings and to examine the special quality more scientifically. Research target of royal palace were Changdeokgung and Gyeongbokgung. Sound insulation performance between the adjacent room and facade, room acoustics of Pyeonjeon and Chimjeon which is representative building in royal palace were examined through field measurement. Measured values of RT($T_{mf}$) at Pyeonjeon were 0.78 sec. and 1.03 sec. in Seonjeongjoen and Sajeongjoen, respectively. The RTs of both Pyeonjeon buildings were estimated suitable for speech and lecture considering their volume. The RT($T_{mf}$)s at Chimjeon were measured in range of 0.29~0.55 sec. This meant that the acoustic energy in rooms was decreased by sound transmission through mulberry paper(Hanji) of traditional windows and doors. As a sound insulation performance, the single-number quantities($D_{ls,2m,nT,w}$) of the building facades in Pyeonjeon and Chimjeon were measured 4~20 dB. Also the single-number quantities($D_{p,w}$) between the adjacent rooms in Chimjeon were measured 3~18 dB. Sound insulation performance of traditional building elements such as window and door depended strongly on their layers and area.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.565-570
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• 2009

국내의 비정형 건축물은 현재 도입기로, 동대문디자인파크, 전곡선사박물관, 부산국제영화센터 등이 건설 계획 되어지고 있지만 대부분이 실시설계 또는 착공단계에 머물고 있고, 아직까지 구체적인 시공단계에 이른 건축물이 없는 실정으로 비정형외장재의 이중곡률 (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spines)을 반영한 프로토타이핑(Prototyping), 패널화(Panelizing), 현장조립 시 기하학 통제기법, 시공오차 측정기법, As-Planned 도면과 As-Built 도면의 비교를 통한 준공도면의 작성기법 등에 대한 준비가 절실히 필요한 상황이다. 그러나 현재 비정형 건축물의 설계는 초기계획(Concept Design) 단계에서 건축가와 구조기술자의 협업 중요성만 강조되고 있고, 건축물이 비정형화됨에 따라 기하학적으로 설계 및 시공되어야 하는 건축물의 외장재에 대한 설계방법과 시공단계에서 시공품질 확보방안, 시공 하자를 유발시키는 다양한 변수에 대한 대응방안 등은 아직까지도 그 중요성을 인식하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 비정형 건축물의 설계에 사용되는 Architectural Geometry Control 도구 중 그 활용성이 부각되어 지고 있는 Bentley 사의 Generative Components를 활용하여 비정형 건축물의 이중곡률 곡면외장재의 부재생산을 위한 패널화, 제작도면 추출에 관한 연구를 수행하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.138-146
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• 2014

Structural safety as well as variety and aesthetics of building facade are currently gathering more attention in building construction and stone curtain wall is widely used in exterior wall. However, two main problems are existed in curtain wall construction method. One is an uniformity of construction quality and the other is a repair work of stone panels. Also, the noise and vibration occurring in construction may be cause of civil complaint. Therefore, a new method is needed to overcome these problems. This paper presents a new stone curtain wall system using under cut anchor and secondary holes that was developed in this study. Additionally, structural performance evaluation was conducted to verify the constructability and structural safety for wind pressure and seismic load. Through the evaluation of this method, improved constructability and economic efficiency were verified.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.28-34
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• 2013

It is essential to reduce building energy consumption in office building because government enact policy which encourages building energy certification from 2013. Office building has high cooling energy demand due to large glazed area of facade in these days. Shading devices can be an alternative of reducing high cooling energy demand. So, this study simulated a variety of exterior venetian blinds to know how much building energy be affected by orientation and reflectance of slat. The results of this study are based on Seoul weather data. The following is a summary of this study. 1) As a slat of venetian blinds has the lower reflectance, the more building energy reduced. Reflectance is usually affected by color and material of slat. In case reflectance is 0.2 reduce 4% of building energy than reflectance is 0.8. 2) Horizontal exterior venetian blinds are more effective than vertical exterior venetian blinds in all of orientation. Horizontal shape is average 16% more effective in shading effect than vertical shape. 3) In this case study, the most effective shading device is low reflectance horizontal exterior venetian blinds that result about 18% building energy reduction than no shade model. The results of this research can be used to plan shading devices for energy conservative office building.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-32
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• 2018

This paper explores the function of a structural skin with an embossed surface applicable to use for tall building structures. The major diagrid system with a secondary embossed surface structure provides an enhanced perimeter structural system by increasing tube section areas and reduces aerodynamic loads by disorienting major organized structure of winds. A parametric study used to investigate an optimized configuration of the embossed structure revealed that the embossed structure has a structural advantage in stiffening the structure, reducing lateral drift to 90% compared to a non-embossed diagrid baseline model, and results of wind load analysis using computational fluid dynamics, demonstrated the proposed embossed system can reduce. The resulting undulating embossed skin geometry presents both opportunities for incorporating versatile interior environments as well as unique challenges for daylighting and thermal control of the envelope. Solar and thermal control requires multiple daylighting solutions to address each local façade surface condition in order to reduce energy loads and meet occupant comfort standards. These findings illustrate that although more complex in geometry, architects and engineers can produce tall buildings that have less impact on our environment by utilizing structural forms that reduce structural steel needed for stiffening, thus reducing embodied $CO^2$, while positively affecting indoor quality and energy performance, all possible while creating a unique urban iconography derived from the performance of building skin.