• 영미문화
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.127-157
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• 2014

Among many literary isms, impressionism is often regarded as the most frank expression of personality. As a masterpiece of modernism, Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier is a celebration of the subjectivity which reflects the writer's experiential reality. For Madox Ford, art is not to achieve the true objectivity of human society, but to seize the momentary perception in personal life. As the beginning of modernism, Madox Ford's impressionaism was mostly devoted to give fictive life to subjective impressions. And his heroes are usually the egoless person who can absorb the intense rapidity of consciousness without any prejudice. However, the innocent mind's receptions of myriad impressions, like those of the protagonist John Dowell or his idealized version of Major Ashburnham in The Good Solidier, were described as the enjoyable yet deceptive ones in Madox Ford's works. To engrave more sold perceptive impressions into life, Madox Ford often contrasts or mixes truth with deception, life with death as he did in his real life. Speicially as the result of thick application of real-life subject matters to his writings, Madox Ford's literary works get more vivid colors and penetrating forms. Thus, his literary impressionism based upon his harsh and passionate realities overcomes the limitations of shifting moments of senses, demolishing the boundaries between what is objective and what is subjective, like post-impressionism or expressionism. Namely, as Walter Lowenfels said, Madox Ford did not follow the impossible objectivity passively, yet instead "knew how to invent the truth."

• 인문언어
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2001

Ford Madox Ford, the early twentieth-century writer most famous for his novel The Good Soldier, perceived his "business in life [as an] ... attempt to discover and to try to let you see where you stand." With this grand purpose in mind, Ford disregarded distinctions of genre in his prolific output of what we would consider novels, memoirs, literary criticism, travel writing, and history. Claiming that "the Novelist ... [is a] historian of his own time," Ford sought his own version of the "truth," a truth that was more faithful to his own subjective impressions than to verifiable "fact." Among these works that depict his age are a series of "memoirs" or "reminiscences," works published from the 1910s to the 1930s which carry out his Impressionistic purpose. What lies behind these memoirs is Ford′s view that his own individual history can be understood as his contemporary society′s collective history. This article explores Ford′s experimentation with boundaries of fact and fiction, and history and narrative, as he employs and expands the memoir form. In particular, 1 focus on two works, Memories and Impressions (1911) and It Was the Nightingale (1933), and Ford′s techniques in these memoirs, such as 1) the adoption of fictional personae from which to comment on his society at large and 2) the use of emblematic "parables" to encapsulate larger lessons of life within the minutiae of existence. Current theorists on the memoir form share interests in these questions of genre and of the social role of the memoir Nancy Miller, for instance, terms the memoir "the record of an experience in search of a community." This article engages these current discussions of the memoir genre by examining Ford′s early twentieth-century examples as innovative experiments that play with the boundaries between fiction and history, and personal impressions and collective truth.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.1007-1025
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• 2008

We will describe a way to construct Ford domains of cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds on maximal cusp diagrams and compute fundamental groups using face pairing maps as generators and Cannon-Floyd-Parry's edge cycles as relations. We also describe explicitly a cutting and pasting alteration to reduce the number of faces on the bottom region of Ford domains. We expect that our analysis of Ford domains will be useful on other future research.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2014

Metabolic syndrome such as, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia etc are well known lifestyle diseases which threaten a health state. The purpose of this study is to evaluate antioxidant status and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various stressful conditions. A group of persons (n=28) were enrolled in this study and stress status was evaluated using questionnaire of psychological well-being index (PWI-SF) and hematologic analysis of free oxygen radical defense (FORD), free oxygen radical test (FORT), lipid profiles and serum cortisol level. Analysis was done according to stress index, BMI status and overtime working. Blood samples from diabetics were used for control. Results are as in followings: Higher PWI-SF group showed higher FORT. Obese persons with BMI > $25kg/m^2$ showed statistically lower FORD (p<0.05) and higher FORT level (p<0.01). When compare with diabetics, an overweight group had similar levels in FORD and FORT while a normal body weight group showed quite different with diabetics in FORD (p<0.001). Higher ROS group has higher triglyceride, CRP and insulin levels but lower in FORD and HDL-cholesterol levels. Overtime working at night showed no meaningful result against our expectations. These results suggested that obesity showed most unfavorable correlations in an antioxidant status in various situations.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.721-726
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• 2012

이 논문에서 SPFA(shortest path faster algorithm)을 사용해서 기존의 벨만-포드(Bellman-Ford)을 개선한 효율적인 알고리듬을 제안한다. 벨만-포드 알고리듬은 딕스트라(Dijkstra) 알고리듬과 다르게 부(-)인 가중치를 갖는 그래프에서 사용할 수 있다. SPFA 알고리듬은 한 대기열을 이용하여 노드를 저장한다. 그래서 중북을 피할 수 있다. 벨만-포드 알고리듬은 시간을 더 사용하여 노드 표를 업데이트를 시킨다. 이 개산 알고리듬에서는 인접 리스트를 이용하여 표의 각 노드를 저장한다. 한 대기열을 통하여 데이트를 저장한다. 개선 방법에서는 새로운 점에 계속 relaxation을 통하여 최적 패스를 얻을 수 있다. 딕스트라 알고리듬과 SPFA 알고리듬과 개선된 알고리듬의 성능을 비교하기 위해서 시뮬레이션을 하였다. 실험 결과에서 랜덤(random) 그래프에서 개선된 알고리듬, SPFA 알고리듬과 딕스트라 알고리듬은 효율이 비슷했었는데, 격자형 지도에서 개선 알고리듬의 효율이 더 높았었다. 처리시간에서 개선된 알고리듬은 SPFA 알고리듬 보다 3분의 2를 감소시켰다.

• Neurospine
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.383-387
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• 2018

Objective: Lower back pain (LBP) is a worldwide health problem, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common modality used to aid in its diagnosis. Although specific guidelines for assessing the necessity of MRI usage exist, the use of MRI as the initial imaging method for LBP seems to be more common than necessary in general practice. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 313 patients who had undergone MRI of the lumbosacral spine during 2014-2015. We recorded and compared various factors, including age, sex, body mass index, current smoking status, race, symptoms, MRI findings, and progression to surgery within the next year. All rates were compared according to whether the MRI results showed radiographically significant findings (MRI-positive) or not (MRI-negative) using the chi-square or Fisher exact tests (if the expected cell count was <5). All analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of each symptom between the MRI-positive and MRI-negative groups, which accounted for 58.5% (183 of 313) and 41.5% (130 of 313) of the MRIs, respectively. The difference in the rate of surgery in the next year (18% among MRI-positive patients and 8.5% among MRI-negative patients) was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, 41.5% of patients underwent lumbar MRI unnecessarily and 81% of patients with positive MRIs did not have surgery within the next year. Further physician training is needed to avoid unnecessary investigations and expenditures.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2021

[Purpose] To determine whether physical activity (PA), primarily the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA, is associated with gut bacterial microbiota in 10-year-old children. [Methods] The Block Physical Activity Screener, which provides minutes/day PA variables, was used to determine whether the child met the PA recommendations. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on stool samples from the children to profile the composition of their gut bacterial microbiota. Differences in alpha diversity metrics (richness, Pielou's evenness, and Faith's phylogenetic diversity) by PA were determined using linear regression, whereas beta diversity (unweighted and weighted UniFrac) relationships were assessed using PERMANOVA. Taxon relative abundance differentials were determined using DESeq2. [Results] The analytic sample included 321 children with both PA and 16S rRNA sequencing data (mean age [SD] =10.2 [0.8] years; 54.2% male; 62.9% African American), where 189 (58.9%) met the PA recommendations. After adjusting for covariates, meeting the PA recommendations as well as minutes/day PA variables were not significantly associated with gut richness, evenness, or diversity (p ≥ 0.19). However, meeting the PA recommendations (weighted UniFrac R² = 0.014, p = 0.001) was significantly associated with distinct gut bacterial composition. These compositional differences were partly characterized by increased abundance of Megamonas and Anaerovorax as well as specific Christensenellaceae_R-7_group taxa in children with higher PA. [Conclusion] Children who met the recommendations of PA had altered gut microbiota compositions. Whether this translates to a reduced risk of obesity or associated metabolic diseases is still unclear.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.24-34
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• 1994

대부분의 컴퓨터 네트워크에서, 각 교환 노드는 데이터 패킷 전송시 최단 경로를 찾기 위해 정확한 경로 정보를 작는 것이 필요하다. 그러나, 분산화된 환경하에서는 전체 네트워크를 통해 항상 일관성 있는 경로정보를 유지하기가 어렵다. 따라서, 시간이 지남에 따라 이미 쓸모없게 된 경로 정보로 인하여 경로상의 루우프가 형성될 수 있으며, 이로 인하여 전체 네트워크의 심각한 성능 저하를 초래할 수도 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 경로상의 루우프 형성 문제를 해결하기 위해 새로운 경로 설정 알고리즘에 대해 논하고자 한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 현재 컴퓨터 네트워크에서 경로설정을 위해 가장 많이 이용되고 있는 분산화된 Bellman-Ford 알고리즘에 근거하고 있다. 제안되는 알고리즘은 Bellman-Ford 알고리즘의 간편성을 유지하면서 분산화된 환경하에서 (두 노드간 또는 여러 노드들간의) 모든 종류의 루우프를 일정 시간안에 발견하고 이를 해결한다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.87-92
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• 1995

Lip seals, important components in many hydraulic devices, dissipate energy through friction, resulting in power loss. This study contributes to an understanding of lip seal friction by further exploring the connections between friction behavior, viscoelastic properties of robber and viscous properties of the lubricant. Experiments haven been conducted for short stroke oscillations, where these connections are quite strong. Sliding friction experiments at a variety of pressures, temperatures and oscillation rates (for different seal materials, surface roughnesses and lubricant viscosities) are examined. Speculative explanations are suggested for conditions under which friction maxima and frictional vibrations occur.

• 대한간호
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• 제27권4호통권147호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1988