• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 1995

Water extract, and methanol extract, its chloroform and hexane fractions, and estragole from Agastache rugosa O. Kuntze were tested to find the inhibition effect on the growth of several microorganisms. The organisms used were Escherichia coli ATCC 1129, Staphylococcus aureus IAM 1011, Vibrio parahaemolyticus WP, Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, Aspergillus oryzae KFCC 890, Aspergillus niger KCCM 11240. Water and methanol extracts at the concentration of 0.5%, and chloroform and hexane fraction at the concentration of 0.05% inhibited the growth of microorganisms from 1/5 to 2/3 of the control group. Estragole identified from the hexane faction as a major component, its authentic compound completely inhibited the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus completely at the concentration of 0.03%, and the other bacteria were at 0.05%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.302-309
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• 2001

Colony blot hybridization using a VVHP DNA probe derived from the sequence of the hemolysin gene, vvhA, was specific in identifying all V. vulnificus strains, thereby, eliminating the need for any additional phenotypic identification. The colony blot hybridization procedure revealed a sensitivity and broad applicability sufficient for the direct enumeration of V. vulnificus in various natural samples, without the use of enrichment or culturing on selective medis. V. vulnificus was detected in all natural samples collected during August and May at concentrations ranging from $2.1{\times}10^1\;to\;4.0{\times}10^3$ organisms per ml. However, during November and February, when the mean temperatures of the seawater were $12^{\circ}C$ and $5^{\circ}C$, respectively, V. vulnificus was not detected in any natural samples.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.139-157
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• 2006

Biotechnology has reached the level of giving birth to new forms of life and with this is a growing controversy in the conflict between science and ethics. Especially, GMOs are closely linked to the food products we consume and thus, the majority of the public shows a very sensitive reaction to the safety of GMO food products. Many perspectives arose surrounding the issues of safety on the human body and the ecology. This outlines diverse structural mechanisms to be set up to ensure safety such as risk assessment, risk management etc. Despite the precautionary principle guaranteed in many ways, the problem arises whether and how this principle can be taken in the safety assessment. GMOs due to its uniqueness do not end with just the possession of the technology involved but must also be considered with the prerequisite that they could be cultured again. Therefore the reinforcement of safety assessment system is necessary. That is, the reinforcement of risk assessment including field tests, the consideration of socio-economic effects, the coordinated system of relevant authorities, the development of technology for safety assessment.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.856-861
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• 1996

The occurrence of TTX in ciliated protozoa was investigated in order to clarify tetrodotoxin (TTX) accumulation mechanisms in marine organisms. Tissue culture bioassay, HPLC, and GC-MS analyses confirmed the occurrence of TTX in Euplotes mutabilis and also in bacteria isolated from the culture medium. Fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB) were prepared with those bacteria, and predation by E. mutabilis was observed. The results indicated that TTX in bacteria can be transferred to higher trophic levels through the food chain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1645-1653
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• 2013

Archaea are prokaryotic organisms distinct from bacteria in the structural and molecular biological sense, and these microorganisms are known to thrive mostly at extreme environments. In particular, most studies on halophilic archaea have been focused on environmental and ecological researches. However, new species of halophilic archaea are being isolated and identified from high salt-fermented foods consumed by humans, and it has been found that various types of halophilic archaea exist in food products by culture-independent molecular biological methods. In addition, even if the numbers are not quite high, DNAs of various halophilic archaea are being detected in human intestines and much interest is given to their possible roles. This review aims to summarize the types and characteristics of halophilic archaea reported to be present in foods and human intestines and to discuss their application as well.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.69-71
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• 1993

Food items of the five species of marine cladocerans were reported to be largely confined to centric diatoms. Reexamination of the prey items, however, revealed that flagellar organisms were also well fed by cladocerans. This additional finding suggests that marine cladocerans might extend their food items to weakly motile flagellates e.g., Prorocentrum micans, Protoperidinium sp. and unidentified flagellates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.180-180
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• 2002

The potential allergenicity of the transgene products in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), has been an important issue. As a part of the risk assessment of GMOs, we investigated the physicochemical stability and the immunogenicity of food allergens to determine their allergenicity.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.267.1-267.1
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• 2002

The potential allergenicity of the transgene products in genetically modified organisms (GMOs). has been an important issue. As a part of the risk assessment of GMOs. we investigated the physicochemical stability and the immunogenicity of food allergens to determine their allergenicity. We have systematically evaluated the stability of food allergens in the gastrointestinal tract by using simple models of gastric (Stimulated gastric fluid) and intestinal (Stimulated intestinal fluid) digestion. (omitted)

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.335-345
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to model the kinetics of S. aureus survival on high risk foods in school foodservice operations. After inoculating S. aureus ATCC25923 onto the various high risk foods, the effects of competitive microorganism, storage temperatures($25^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$), and initial contamination levels ($1.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/g$, $1.0{\times}10^5\;CFU/g$) on the growth of S. aureus were investigated. Lag time decreased and specific growth rate increased with a storage temperature ($25^{\circ}C$<$35^{\circ}C$) and with a higher initial inoculation level ($1.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/g$<$1.0{\times}10^5\;CFU/g$). Previously it was shown that S. aureus is a weaker competitor than other organisms, but it proliferates aggressively in a noncompetitive environment. However, in our study, when S. aureus was used to inoculate japchae (glass noodles with sauteed vegetables) and meat ball, the growth of S. aureus was similar and more active with competitive organisms than that without competitive organisms. Regardless of other factors, the initial level of S. aureus was a more significant factor of the growth. High inoculation levels of S. aureus were reached at 6 log CFU/g within 3 hours. An incubation temperature of $35^{\circ}C$ and the animal protein component of menu items also were identified as significant factors influencing the growth of S. aureus. Therefore, the duration of time meals are stored before serving should be considered a critical control point. Food service providers must control time and temperature to insure the safety of cooked foods.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.411-422
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• 1986

Diets of the rock trout, Agrammus agrammus, in the shore area of Tongbaeksom, Pusan over the period of July 1981 to June 1982 were studied. Specimens were sampled by angling. Stomach analysis showed that the rock trout fed mainly on epibenthic food in the littoral zone along the coast of Tongbaeksom. The food organisms of the enviornment were studied by means of underwater sampling around the angling area for this study. Although the food items of the fish changed slightly with season and age-group, main food items were Amphipoda (Gammaridae, Caprellidae) and Isopoda (Sphaeromidae, Idotheidae). This suggests that the diets of A. agrammus mainly comprised epibenthic food. Food diversity increased with age. The fish almost consummed on smaller food in size, but had selective predation according to food size, i. e. on larger food as age increases. These data provide additional support for the importance of the detritus-benthos-consummer type food chain.