• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.627-633
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• 1994

A study on efficacy and safety of Bio-Gammamix was performed to use for the preventive drug against bacterial diseases to mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio), rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri), eel(Anguilla japonica) and flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus). The main ingredients of Bio-Gammamix were ferrous fumarate and mixed extrated powders of licorice root, ox bile and garlic. The test drug was proved to improve feeding habit and feed efficiency and decrease cumulative mortality remarkably. After administration, no side effects and histopathological changes were observed. We can prevent outbreaks of bacterial diseases of fish by the dosage of 1kg/ton of fish body weight perorally once or two times in a day for 7 days and Bio-Gammamix is thought to be used effectively an widely against most bacterial fish pathogens.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1994

Morphology of glochidia of two species of Unionidae mussels, Unio douglasiae and Anodonta woodiana were studied based on SEM, and their attachment on Acheilognathus yamatsutae(Acheilognathinae) was observed in the experimentally infected fishes. The glochidia were round-triangle in shape and possessed larval threads, hooks, hooklets, and sensory hairs. Glochidal attachment and cyst formation of the fish were observed without regard to feeding habit and habitat. Density of glochida on the fish (Acheilognathus yamatsutae) was in the order of pectoral fin, dorsal fin, gill and caudal fin. The host fish became encysted about 5-10 hours to the glochidia, and the glochidia detached about 5-6 days after attachment at water temperature $26{\pm}1^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.317-322
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• 2009

Nicobium castaneum belonging to the family Anobiidae of Coleoptera was found in Jeju Folk Museum in 2006, Miribeol Folk Museum in 2007, and a bier preserved in the bier house of Jeju in 2008. We found that this species did considerable damage to the several wooden cultural properties. For Identification and pest management to conserve wooden cultural properties from this anobiid species, we report morphology of adult and damage pattern (shape of exit holes from the host, tunnels and their excrements etc).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.735-742
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• 2003

In order to develop a logical method for using selective fishing gear, the behaviour and habits of the aquatic animals must be investigated. However, until now, little national research has been carried out to investigate the behaviour and habits of the common octopus (Octopus minor). The purpose of this study henceforth, is to compile necessary behavioral data to develop fishing gear to catch the common octopus. Behaviour and habits of the common octopus were observed while breeding in a water tank from February to May, 2003. The feeding habits of common octopus are more vigorous at night than in the daytime. The common octopus feeds on 1-4 bait crabs per day and consume each crab in 40-50 min. The sensory organs of the common octopus are more influenced by the sense of touch and smell, than by vision. Using live bait is more effective and advantageous than using dead bait, as the common octopus responded more to live bait. The hiding habits of the common octopus were very intensive, as they hid around all the shelters that were provided in this study. They demonstrated territorial behavior and struggled to maintain their sphere of influence. In addition, out of the various colors for shelters and bait supplied, the common octopus preferred light colors.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that related to obesity among 6th grade elementary school girls. The study subjects were 337 girls residing in Seoul. Not only variables of nutritional environment such as eating habits, health related behavioral variables, nutritional feeding methods during infancy, and genetic factors but also sexual maturity had been included as a obesity related factors. Association between obesity and related variables were analyzed by $x^2$(Chi-square) test. The obesity prevalence of the study subjects were 16% based on Röhrer Index(RI). Fifty-three percent of the study subjects experienced menarche at the time of data collection. Result of analysis showed that not only the nutritional enviromental variables such as eating habits, specific food preferences, and habit of exercise but also genetic factors did not show any statistically significant association with obesity. Above finding may imply that more variables other than the variables included in this study might have influenced on the obesity of the children. However sexual maturity in term of breast development showed significant association with obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.103-116
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrition education and training needs as a basis for program planning for day care children. Nutrition achievement test developed by American National Dairy Council and Iowa state University was modified and used for measuring the level of basic knowledge of food and nutrition for day care children. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. Over 70% of mothers indicated their children had a certain degree of food behavior and feeding problems in terms of unbalanced food habit, irregular meal period. 2. Mean score for the nutrition achievement test for day care children was 9.3. 3. The nutrition achievement test score for children with high socio-economic status was significantly higher than those of children with middle and lower group. 4. Inspection of the difficulty difference indices showed that over the 50% of the children had more items that were easier in the content of physiological facts than in the food handling and social psychological aspects of foods.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2022

The Yezo sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) is a subspecies of sika deer originated from Hokkaido, Japan. This paper is a study on the ecological impact caused by large mammals invading the ecosystem. Two pairs of deer were donated to the Agency for Defense Development in Taean in the late 1980s, and the population expanded to over 280 in 2018. The thermal imaging camera showed that the population ranged from 8 to 53 herds, divided into approximately 10 groups. It was confirmed that some of the herds had escaped the management area and invaded the nearby natural ecosystem, causing damage to cultivated land and natural vegetation. Herds of over 50 individuals have been studied in large grassland areas near drinking water sources such as streams and ponds. In places with excessive deer concentration, 1) feeding damage to herbs, shrubs and sub-trees, 2) tree withering due to antler-rubbing, and their habit of migrating along forest edges 3) excessive soil loss on slopes, 4) destruction of herbaceous layers due to compaction, and finally 5) damage to infrastructure were also investigated. As such, it is expected that the results of this study on the ecological and economic damage of Yezo sika deer can be used to predict the impact of other exotic sika deer in South Korea with similar behavioral characteristics and to establish a management plan.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 1999

The sand dollar, Astriclypeus manni is commonly encountered on a subtidal sand bottom along the coast of Cheju Island. limited information has been reported on their ecology despite their natural abundance. This study reports ecology and an annual reproductive cycle of the sand dollars present at Hamdock, northern coast of Cheju Island. A. manni collected from Hamdock revealed that they are 80 to 200 mm in test diameter. Sediment Brain size analysis indicated that A. manni mostly occurs on medium (particle diameter of 500 $\mu$m) to very find sand (particle diameter of 125 $\mu$m), particularly on fine sand (particle diameter of 250 $\mu$m). Internal morphology and in situ observations on their feeding habit indicated that A. manni is a deposit feeder, feeding on organic debris contained in the sediment around its habitat. A. manni were more frequently observed near Zostrea marina bed where content of organic matter in the sediment is considered to be higher. Gonadal tissues of the male were yellow in color while female gonads appeared to be purple. Fully mature eggs, with a mean diameter of 381 $\mu$m, and sperm were observed from the histological slides of the sand dollars collected in late July to August, suggesting that A. manni spawn during July to August when water temperature reaches 20 to $25^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.370-382
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• 1997

Successful weaning is very important to provide adequate nutrients for normal growth and to induce a good diet habit. We conducted a survey on the knowledge and attitudes of women who live in Taegu toward weaning in infants, to figure out how much they know about weaning diet for the infants, which source they prefer to get the information about weaning diet, whether their knowledge affect their practice about weaning in infants, and the most effective way to educate them. A survey was conducted with the prepared questionnaire on women who responded at the residential area and market place, and those who visited Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University Hospital from July 25 to September 15, 1997. Statistical analysis was done with student t-test and ANOVA using SPSS program. Among total 303 responders, those who aged between 30 and 39 years were 37.2%. Scores for the six questions about weaning policy showed highest in the age group between 30 and 39 years. Higher score was recorded in the more educated group, in those who get informations about weaning diet from books, magazines and pediatricians. The majority of the responders had wrong concepts, such as feeding weaning diet using bottle(69.1%), feeding mixed with formula in the same bottle(64.5%), addition of salt(68.4%). Those who had higher educational level preferred books, magazines rather than neighbors or mother to get informations about weaning diet. Those who preferred books or magazines started weaning, stopped bottle feeding, and used spoon earlier, and their children had unbalanced diet habits less frequently. Home-made food was used most frequently, and commercial products were used less frequently. Those who were employed preferred home-made food rather than commercial products, it may be caused by the difference of the educational backgrounds from those of the unemployed. In conclusion, most responders ask neighbors and mother to get informations about weaning, and the incorrect knowledge from them could cause inadequate weaning practice and induce bad diet habit in their children. We have to find the reasons why they did not refer books or magazines frequently, and the way to resolve the problem.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

We investigated moth communities in Samcheok, Korea, to elucidate the influence of the East Coast Fire in 2000. Moths were collected with UV light traps 4 times a year from 2006 to 2009 at 3 sites: Unburned area (Site 1), Surface fire area (Site 2), and Crown fire area (Site 3) sites, respectively. A total of 3,804 individuals belonging to 727 species from 30 families were captured at the 3 study 1,727 individuals of 505 species (27 families) at Site 1, 1,193 individuals of 353 species (24 families) at Site 2, and 885 individuals of 340 species (25 families) at Site 3. Species richness and individuals of Noctuidae, Pyralidae, Geometridae, and Tortricidae were the highest at all 3 sites. All of species richness, individuals, and species diversity (H') were the highest in Site 1 for 4 years. The index of similarity (${\alpha}$-Index) was higher between Site 2 and 3 in 2006, while higher between Site 1 and 2 in 2009. Moths were grouped into 16 categories by hosts of the larval stage. Individuals of moths of herbaceous feeding habit continuously decreased at Site 3, but proportion of individuals of tree feeding habits continuously increased. The present results showed that moth communities was relatively recovered according to vegetation change after forest fire and regeneration of moth communities in surface fire area was more faster than in crown fire area.