• Composites Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 내압 하중을 받는 복합재 압력 용기의 신뢰도를 구하기 위해 확률적 강도 해석이 수행되었다. 이때 확률적 강도 해석은 점진적 파손 모델과 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션으로 구성된 확률 연속 파손 모델과 상용 유한 요소 해석 코드인 ABAQUS가 연계한 형태로서 복잡한 형상 및 경계 조건을 갖는 복합재 구조물의 확률적 파손 해석을 수행하게 된다. 설계확률 변수로서 복합재 층의 각 방향 별 강도가 고려되었다. 최종적으로, 확률 강도 해석을 통해 복합재 압력 용기의 파열 압력 분산 현상이 설명되었고, 복합재 압력 용기의 각 부위별 신뢰도 값이 제시되었다. 양산 중인 복합재 구조물인 경우, 재료 및 제작 공정의 불확실성이 구조물 성능에 미치는 영향이 더욱 커지게 되어 확률 강도 해석을 이용한 구조 설계가 필수적이다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.619-632
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• 2022

There are numerous structural details (Longitudinal beam, web plate, U-ribs and I-ribs) in the top and bottom plates of steel box girders, which have significant influences on the longitudinal stress (normal stress) distribution. Clarifying the influence of these structural details on the normal stress distribution is important. In this paper, the ultra-wide steel box girder with large cantilevers of the Jinhai Bridge in China, which is the widest cable-stayed bridge in the world, has been analyzed. A 1:4.5 scale laboratory model of the steel box girder has been manufactured, and the influence of structural details on the normal stress distribution in the top and bottom plates for four different load cases has been analyzed in detail. Furthermore, a three-dimensional finite element model has been established to further investigate the influence regularity of structural details on the normal stress. The experimental and finite element analysis (FEA) results have shown that different structural details of the top and bottom plates have varying effects on the normal stress distribution. Notably, the U-ribs and I-ribs of the top and bottom plates introduce periodicity to the normal stress distribution. The period of the influence of U-ribs on the normal stress distribution is the sum of the single U-rib width and the U-rib spacing, and that of the influence of I-ribs on the normal stress distribution is equal to the spacing of the I-ribs. Furthermore, the same structural details but located at different positions, will have a different effect on the normal stress distribution.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.312-326
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• 2012

This paper considers a fully coupled 3D BEM-FEM analysis for the ship structural hydroelasticity problem in waves. Fluid flows and structural responses are analyzed by using a 3D Rankine panel method and a 3D finite element method, respectively. The two methods are fully coupled in the time domain using a fixed-point iteration scheme, and a relaxation scheme is applied for improve convergence. In order to validate the developed method, numerical tests are carried out for a barge model. The computed natural frequency, motion responses, and time histories of stress are compared with the results of the beam-based hydroelasticity program, WISH-FLEX, which was thoroughly validated in previous studies. This study extends to a real-ship application, particularly the springing analysis for a 6500 TEU containership. Based on this study, it is found that the present method provides reliable solutions to the ship hydroelasticity problems.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

In order to study the effect of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) on the simulation results, the external characteristics and internal flow features of a diffuser pump were analyzed with a two-way flow solid coupling method. And the static and dynamic structure analysis of the blade was also caculated with the FEA method. The steady flow field is based on Reynolds Averaged N-S equations with standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulent model, the unsteady flow field is based on the large eddy simulation, and the structure response is based on elastic transient structural dynamic equation. The results showed that the effect of FSI on the head prediction based on CFD really exists. At the same radius, the van mises stress on the nodes closed shroud and hub was larger than other nodes. A large deformation region existed near inlet side at the middle of blades. The strength of impeller satisfied the strength requirement with static stress analysis based on the fourth strength theory. The dynamic stress varied periodically with the impeller rotating. It was also found that the fundamental frequency of the dynamic stress is the rotating frequency and its harmonic frequency. The frequency of maximum stress amplitude at node 1626 was 7 times of the rotating frequency. The frequency of maximum stress amplitude at node 2328 was 14 times of the rotating frequency. No matter strength failure or fatigue failure, the root of blades near shroud is the key region to analyse.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.641-657
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• 2020

A unique lightweight string truss deployable bridge assembled by thin-walled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and metal profiles was designed for emergency applications. As a new structure, investigations into the static structural performance under the serviceability limit state are desired for examining the structural integrity of the developed bridge when subjected to unsymmetrical loadings characterized by combined torsion and bending. In this study, a full-scale experimental inspection was conducted on a fabricated bridge, and the combined flexural-torsional behavior was examined in terms of displacement and strains. The experimental structure showed favorable strength and rigidity performances to function as deployable bridge under unsymmetrical loading conditions and should be designed in accordance with the stiffness criterion, the same as that under symmetrical loads. In addition, a finite element model (FEM) with a simple modeling process, which considered the multi segments of the FRP members and realistic nodal stiffness of the complex unique hybrid nodal joints, was constructed and compared against experiments, demonstrating good agreement. A FEM-based numerical analysis was thereafter performed to explore the effect of the change in elastic modulus of different FRP elements on the static deformation of the bridge. The results confirmed that the change in elastic modulus of different types of FRP element members caused remarkable differences on the bending and torsional stiffness of the hybrid bridge. The global stiffness of such a unique bridge can be significantly enhanced by redesigning the critical lower string pull bars using designable FRP profiles with high elastic modulus.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2010

This study analyzed the regional morphological and mechanical characteristics of vertebrae by using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and micro finite element analysis (FEA). For the present study, the $12^{th}$ human thoracic vertebral bones (an 85-years female and a 48-years male) were used. These were scanned by using micro-CT. Structural parameters were evaluated from the acquired 20 image data for fifteen $4{\times}4mm^2$ regions (five regions in respective layers of superior, middle and inferior part) in the thoracic vertebral trabecular bones. $4{\times}4{\times}4mm^3$ cubic finite element models of each regions were created at $70{\mu}m$ voxel resolution to investigate effective modulus ($E^+$). The present study indicated that there were significant differences in morphological and elastic mechanical characteristics of each region. There are close relationship between effective modulus and structural model index (SMI) in the bone of the 48-years male and between effective modulus and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) in the bone of the 85-years female. In addition, the effective modulus of central regions is about 80% stiffer than that of lateral regions at transverse plane. These findings may be likely to explain the previous result that a change of loading distribution of the vertebral trabecular bones is caused by spinal curvature and nucleus pulpous degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2004

Statements of problem: All ceramic fixed partial denture cores can be made by the slip casting method and the advanced alumina tape method. The fracture resistance of these core connector areas is relatively low. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to standardize the appropriate volumetric figure and location of the connectors in the alumina core fabricated in alumina tape to be used in fixed partial dentures by way of topology optimization. Material and method: A maxillary anterior three-unit bridge alumina core with teeth form and surrounding periodontal apparatus model was used to ultimately design the most structurally rigid form of the connector. Loadings from a $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ to the axis of each tooth were applied and analyzed with the 3-D finite element analysis method. Using the results from these experiments, the topology optimization was applied and the optimal reinforcement layout of connector was obtained and the detail shape in the fixed partial denture core was designed. Results: The modified prosthesis with the form of a bulk in the lower lingual surface of the connector in the event, reduced the stress concentration up to 20% in the 3-D FEA. Conclusion: The formation of a bulk in the lower lingual connector area of an alumina core for a fixed partial denture decreases the stress to a clinically favorable measure but does not harm the esthetic point of view. This result illustrates the possibility of clinical application of the modified form designed by the topology optimization method.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.2390-2398
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• 2002

For integrity analysis of nuclear reactor pressure vessel, including the Pressurized thermal shock analysis, the fast and accurate calculation of the stress intensity factor at the crack tip is needed. For this, a simple approximation scheme is developed and the resulting stress intensity factors for axial semi-elliptical cracks in cylindrical vessel under various loading conditions are compared with those of the finite element method and other approximation methods, such as Raju-Newman's equation and ASME Sec. Xl approach. For these, three-dimensional finite-element analyses are performed to obtain the stress intensity factors for various surface cracks with t/R = 0.1. The approximation methods, incorporated in VINTIN (Vessel INTegrity analysis-INner flaws), utilizes the influence coefficients to calculate the stress intensity factor at the crack tip. This method has been compared with other solution methods including 3-D finite clement analysis for internal pressure, cooldown, and pressurized thermal shock loading conditions. The approximation solutions are within $\pm$2.5% of the those of FEA using symmetric model of one-forth of a vessel under pressure loading, and 1-3% higher under pressurized thermal shock condition. The analysis results confirm that the VINTIN method provides sufficiently accurate stress intensity factor values for axial semi-elliptical flaws on the surface of the reactor pressure vessel.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.461-470
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• 2009

기둥은 축하중과 지진하중에 저항하는 주부재로서 구조물에서 가장 중요한 부재중의 하나이다. 이러한 기둥은 화재 시 고온에 의해 그 성능이 저하되어 전체 구조물계에 심각한 균열을 초래할 수 있으며, 구조물의 붕괴로도 이어질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 형식의 기둥인 내부구속 중공 콘크리트 충전강관 기둥 (ICH CFT column; Internally Confined Hollow Concrete Filled Tube column)의 내화 성능이 연구되어져 있지 않기 때문에 건축물에 적용을 하여 기준에 맞는 기둥을 만들기 위해서는 내화 성능 평가가 필요하다. 본 기둥은 콘크리트 충전 강관 기둥 (CFT column; Concrete Filled Tube column)과 같이 외부 강관에 의해 콘크리트가 구속되어 기둥의 성능을 발휘하므로, 외부 강관의 항복 여부가 전체 기둥의 강도를 결정하게 될 것이다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 화재에 의한 기둥의 온도 변화에 따른 ICH CFT 기둥의 강도를 콘크리트의 구속효과와 재료비선형성을 고려하여 해석을 수행하였고, 또한 기둥의 중공비, 외부강관의 두께, 콘크리트의 강도를 매개 변수로 선정하여 기둥의 내화 성능을 평가하였으며, 해석에는 범용 프로그램과 전용 프로그램을 병행하여 사용하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.432-437
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• 2016

본 연구는 금속 주름관, 내부 스프링, 금속마개 등으로 구성된 소형 벨로우즈 세트의 거동에 대하여 연구하였다. 벨로우즈는 자동차용 에어컨의 제어를 위한 전자기제어밸브의 핵심 부품으로써 기계적 하중과 외부 압력에 대하여 민감하고 정확하게 작동하여야 한다. 벨로우즈 설계 인자 도출을 위하여, 소형 인장시험기를 이용하여 벨로우즈 내부 스프링의 스프링 상수를 측정하고, 벨로우즈 세트의 하중-변위 선도를 측정하였다. 내부 스프링의 하중-변위 관계는 선형관계를 나타내었다. 벨로우즈 세트의 하중-변위 관계는 변위가 작을 때는 낮은 기울기를 가지고 하중이 증가하다가 이후 선형으로 증가하는 특성을 나타내었다. 실측 결과를 바탕으로 유한요소해석을 수행하여 외부 주름관의 유효 물성을 도출하고 유한요소 모델링을 확보하였다. 원통형의 형상을 고려하여 축대칭 모델을 적용하였으며, 주름관은 쉘 요소를 적용하였다. 확보한 모델을 활용하여 냉매 압력에 따른 벨로우즈의 거동에 대한 연구를 수행하였다.