• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.241-247
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• 1990

In order to develop a type of instant tea cassia tora seed, changes of constiuent amounts before and after roasting $(3{\pm}0.5min\;at\;170{\pm}5^{\circ}C)$ effective extracting solvent and it's optimum concentration, dehydration method and sensory scores were investigated. Moisture, lipid, reducing sugar, emodin and rhein were decreased by roasting, whereas protein, and total sugar of cassia tora increased. Color intensity and extracting efficacy were also increased. Of three kinds of solvent (water, methanol and ethanol), ethanol was highest in redness and yellowness of exeracts, and filtrate yield. Effective extracting concentration of ethanol for cassia tora was 50%(V/V). Freeze dry product(FDP) and spary dry product(SDP) showed coffee and aloe-like smell, coffee like brown color, rapid soluble in cold and hot water, and fast caking in air during storage. Free sugar contents were high in order of raffinose>fructose >glucose>maltose>sucrose Metallic contents were high in order of sodium>calcium>potassium>magnesium>iron. In sensory score for color, taste and aroma, FDP and SDP were both above 8.0 point, however, of them FDP more or less higher than SDP In addion, score in developing value as an instant tea was above 8.0 point (valuable).

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.793-795
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• 2003

이 논문은 대용량 단백질 상호작용의 관계를 효과적으로 시각화하기 위해 단백질이 가지고 있는 기능에 기반한 추상화 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 FDP(force-directed placement) 알고리즘에 기반을 두고 있지만 다중 레벨 처리를 위해 기능에 기반한 추상화 방법과 확장을 사용한다는 점에서 차이점을 나타낸다. 제안하는 그래프 레이아웃 방법은 추상화, 위치화, 확장의 3부분으로 구성되어 있으며 특히 추상화 부분은 다중 레벨 처리를 포함한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 1997

A saline suspension of Lumbricus rubellus earthworm powder (EWP) was administered to rats (1 g/kg/day) orally for 15 days to evaluate an oral effectiveness for thrombotic disorders. Blood was drawn at 2-day interval after the administration. Several parameters for antithrombotic, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities were measured, including platelet aggregation, clotting time, plasmin activity and the levels of FDP (fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products), D-dimer, and t-PA antigen. It did not affect platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen but anticoagulant activity (aPTT and TT) was gradually increased to two-folds for the first 5 days of administration and back to normal. Fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction was highest on the 11 th day after the administration. The level of FDP was elevated to be comparable to the positve control$ (5-10 {\mu}g/ml)$ after 9-day treatment. Oral administration of the EWP could also reduce the formation of venous thrombus induced with viper venom. Complete blood count (CBC) profiles were within normal ranges except for a slight increase in white blood cells after the oral administration for 15 days. These results suggested that the EWP may be valuable for the prevention and/or treatment of thrombotic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.103-112
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• 1977

Several strains of spore-forming lacticacid bacteria were isolated from natural sources such as soils, cereals, and foods. The general morphological and physiological characteristics of the strain 6-4 were investigated nad compared with some other industrial strains. The effects of fructose-1,6-diphoshpate (FDP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and pH on the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity of the strain were studied, and the changes in LDH activity and spore formation under various cultural conditions were researched. The results were as follows. 1. This strain was identified to Bacillus coagulans Hammer and distributed widely in natural sources. 2. The strain strongly converted various fermentation substrates in to L(+)-lacticacid in anaerobic conditioins, and many spores that were of great advantages to the industrial application were formed easily in the aerobic condition. 3. The LDH activity of this strain was activated by FDP and inhibited by ATP. The optimal pH for the enzyme activity was 6.0-6.5. 4. In the anaerobic culture condifion, the large amount of glucose added in the medium increased the LDH activity, but the cells were not committed to sporulate. 5. When none or a very small amount of glucose (less than 0.5%) was added to culture medium in the aerobic condition, the LDH activity was decreased and many spore were produced with final pH higher than 8.5. 6. The additioin of large amount of glucose (more than 2.0%) in aerobic culture increased the LDH activity and inhibited strongly the spore formation with final pH lower than 6.0.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.240-250
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with history of periodontal disease. Methods: A total of 444 patients with 1,485 implants were selected from patients who had been treated at the Department of Periodontology, Chonbuk National University Dental Hospital between July 2014 and June 2015. A group with a history of peri-implantitis (HP) (370 patients with 1,189 implants) and a group with a current peri-implantitis (CP) (318 patients with 1,004 implants) were created based on the radiographic and clinical assessments of implants. The prevalence of peri-implantitis was calculated at both the patient and implant levels. The influence of risk variables on the occurrence of peri-implantitis was analyzed using generalized estimating equations analysis. Results: The prevalence of peri-implantitis in the HP and CP groups ranged from 6.7% to 19.7%. The cumulative peri-implantitis rate in the HP group estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method was higher than that in the CP group over the follow-up period. Among the patient-related risk variables, supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) was the only significant risk indicator for the occurrence of peri-implantitis in both groups. In the analysis of implant-related variables, implants supporting fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and implants with subjective discomfort was associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis than single implants and implants without subjective discomfort in the HP group. The presence of subjective discomfort was the only significant implant-related variable predictive of peri-implantitis in the CP group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with a history of periodontal disease was similar to that reported in other population samples. Regular SPT was important for preventing peri-implantitis. Single implants were found to be less susceptible to peri-implantitis than those supporting FDP. Patients' subjective discomfort was found to be a strong risk indicator for peri-implantitis.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.346-350
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• 2014

PURPOSE. Impact forces in implant supported FDP (fixed dental prosthesis) are higher than that of tooth supported FDPs and the compositions used in frameworks also has a paramount role for biomechanical reasons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of two different zirconia frameworks. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two implant abutments with 3.8 mm and 4.5 mm platform were used as premolar and molar. They were mounted vertically in an acrylic resin block. A model with steel retainers and removable abutments was fabricated by milling machine; and 10 FDP frameworks were fabricated for each Biodenta and Cercon systems. All samples were thermo-cycled for 2000 times in $5-55^{\circ}C$ temperature and embedded in $37^{\circ}C$ artificial saliva for one week. The flexural test was done by a rod with 2 mm ending diameter which was applied to the multi-electromechanical machine. The force was inserted until observing fracture. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software ver.15, using Weibull modulus and independent t-test with the level of significance at ${\alpha}=.05$. RESULTS. The mean load bearing capacity values were higher in Biodenta but with no significant differences (P>.05). The Biodenta frameworks showed higher load bearing capacity ($F_0=1700$) than Cercon frameworks ($F_0=1520$) but the reliability (m) was higher in Cercon (m=7.5). CONCLUSION. There was no significant difference between flexural strengths of both zirconia based framework systems; and both Biodenta and Cercon systems are capable to withstand biting force (even parafunctions) in posterior implant-supported bridges with no significant differences.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.171-184
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• 2004

In order to study the effects of Gagamyounjo-Tang(加減潤燥湯) on the experimentally hypercoagulable state and hyperlipidemia in rats, we have made the hypercoagulable state in rats by injection of Bothrops jararaca venom (0.1ml/200g : Control group), and have administered solid extract of Gagamyounjo-Tang(加減潤燥湯)(132mg/200g : Sample group). After 1 hour we measured the platelet count, fibrinogen level, APTT, FDP and D-dimer. And we have made the hyperlipidemia in rats by injection of Triton WR-1339 for 3 days(30mg/200g/day : Control group), and have administered solid extract of Gagamyounjo-Tang(加減潤燥湯)(132mg/200g : Sample group), then we measured the total cholesterol, triglyceride, phoshpolipid and HDL-cholesterol levels. The results are summarized as follows : 1. In the hypercoagulable state, Sample group significantly decreased in platelet count compared with Control group(p<0.01), and significantly prolonged in APTT compared with Control group(p<0.05). 2. In the hyperlipidemia, Sample group significantly decreased in the total cholesterol, triglyceride and phoshpolipid compared with Control group(p<0.01), and significantly increased in HDL-cholesterol level compared with Control group(p<0.01). According to the above experimental results, Gagamyounjo-Tang(加減潤燥湯)is assumed to have curative effects against the hypercoagulable state in rats induced by Bothrops jararaca venom and the hyperlipidemia in rats induced by Triton WR-1339. And we can suppose that Gagamyounjo-Tang(加減潤燥湯) has a curative effect against the cerebrovascular accident caused by blood stasis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2012

Background Nonabsorbable sutures are favorable for repairing flexor tendons. However, absorbable sutures have performed favorably in an animal model. Methods Two-strand sutures using the interlocking modified Kessler method with polydioxanone absorbable sutures 4-0 were used to repair completely ruptured flexor tendons in 55 fingers from 41 consecutive patients. The medical records of average 42 follow up weeks were analyzed retrospectively. The data analyzed using the chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test was used for postoperative complications. The results were compared with those of other studies. Results Among the index, middle, ring, and little fingers were injured in 9, 17, 16, and 13 fingers, respectively. The injury levels varied from zone 1 to 5. Of the 55 digits in our study, there were 26 (47%) isolated flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) injuries and 29 (53%) combined FDP and with flexor digitorum superficialis injuries. Pulley repair was also conducted. Concomitant injuries of blood vessels and nerves were found in 17 patients (23 fingers); nerve injuries occurred in 5 patients (10 fingers). Two patients had ruptures (3.6%), and one patient had two adhesions (3.6%). Using the original Strickland criteria, all the patients were assessed to be excellent or good. Also, fibrosis and long-term foreign body tissue reactions such as stitch granuloma were less likely occurred in our study. Compared to the Cullen's report that used nonabsorbable sutures, there was no significant difference in the rupture or adhesion rates. Conclusions Therefore, this study suggests that appropriate absorbable core sutures can be used safely for flexor tendon repairs.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.137-155
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• 1989

In order investigate the effect of Boyanghwanotang (BT) on thrombosis, Sprague-Dawley rats injected endotoxin into the caudal vein were oral administrated solid extract of BT-182. 4mg/200g (Sample A) and 364.8mg/200g (Sample B), and then observed Platelet, fibrinogen, prothrombin time and FDP. Another group injected hydrocortisone acetate into the muscular rump were adopted to observe the effect of BT on elevated blood Viscosity, administrated Sample A and Sample B, thereafter measured body weight, body temperature, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, glucose, albumin, total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol and prothrombin time. 1. Platelet was increased significantly in Sample B compared with the control group. 2. Fibrinogen of the trial groups compared with the control group was increased, and revealed a significance in Sample B. 3. Prothrombin time was decreased significantly in the trial groups compared with the control group. 4. FDP was decreased in the trial groups compared with the control group. 5. Body weight was increased significantly in Sample B after 7 days, body temperature revealed a significance in the trial groups after 5 days. 6. Whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of lower shear rates, both were highly decreased in the trial groupn than the control group. 7. The increase of WBC and decrease of hematocrit, RBC and hemoglobin was showed in the trial groups, and Sample B revealed a significance on the increase of WBC and decrease of RBC. 8. The increase of prothrombin time and decrease of glucose, albumin, total protein, triglyceride and cholesterol was showed in the trial group, and Sample B revealed a Significance on the increase of prothrombin time and decrease of albumin, total protein and triglyceride. 9. As compare with Sample A and Sample B, generally Sample B was highly Significant. According to the above results, it was considered that Boyanghwanotang may be the curative effects for thrombosis and elevated blood viscosity.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-38
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the effects of Kamigyemyoungsan and each compositive herbs on the intravascular coagulation and subcutaneous hematoma. The intravascular coagulation was induced by the injection of endotoxin into the caudal vein of the rats. These rats were treated with endotoxin after administering orally extracts of Kamigyemyoungsan and each compositive herbs. Then the number of platelet, prothrombin time, the concentration of fibrinogen and FDP(fibrinogen degration product), hematocrit and RBC and WBC were measured. The subcutaneous hematoma was induced by the subcutaneous injection of the autologous whole blood to produce clotting in situ in rats. Then the extracts of Kamigyemyoungsan and each compositive herbs were administered orally. The lesions were then dissected and observed. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The number of platelets of the trial groups was increased as compared with the control group, and revealed significance in sample Ⅰ. 2. The concentration of fibrinogen of the trial groups was increased as compared with the control group, and revealed significance in sample Ⅰ, sampleⅡ and sample Ⅴ. 3. The prothrombin time was shortened significantly in the trial groups, except sampleⅡ and sampleⅣ as compared with the control group. 4. The concentration of FDP decreased in the trial groups, and revealed significance in sample Ⅰ and sample Ⅵ as compared with the control group. 5. The hematocrit significantly increased in sample Ⅰ, sampleⅢ and sample Ⅵ as compared with the control group. 6. The number of RBC significantly increased in sample Ⅵ only as compared with the control group. 7. The number of WBC significantly increased in the trial groups, except sampleⅣ and sample Ⅵ as compared with the control group. 8. Histologically, the lesions in the trial groups showed significantly thinner fibroblastic neomembrane than the control group, except sampleⅢ. According to the above results, it is considered that Kamigyemyoungsan and each compositive herbs have inhibitive effects on the thrombosis and the fibroblastic neomembrane development. Therefore, it seems to be applicable to the diseases related to thrombosis and hematoma.