• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2019

Reverse engineering involves duplicating a physical part by measuring and analyzing its physical dimensions, features, and material properties. By combining reverse engineering with three-dimensional (3D) printing, engineers can simply fabricate and evaluate functional prototypes. This design methodology has been attracting increasing interest with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In the present study, we apply reverse engineering and 3D printing technologies to evaluate a fabricated automotive inner ring prototype. Through 3D printing, inner rings of various densities were prepared. Their physical dimensions were measured with a 3D scanning system. Of our interest was the effect of inner ring density on the physical dimensions of the fabricated prototype. We compared the design dimensions and physical dimensions of the fabricated prototypes. The results revealed that even the 20% density of inner ring was effective for 3D printing in terms of satisfying the design requirements.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2019

In this paper, we have analyzed manufacturing problems of the scaffold with pores using FDM 3D printer and PLGA. We suggested the solutions using 3SC practical TRIZ. We selected the final solution used machine learning. We reduced number of experiments using most influential factor after analysis print factors. We printed the scaffold and measured pore size. We created the regression model using python tensorflow. The print condition data of measured pore size was used as training data. We predicted the pore size of printed condition using regression model. We printed the scaffold using the predicted the print condition data. We quantitatively compare the predicted scaffold pore size data and the measured scaffold pore size data. We got satisfactory result.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.247-248
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• 2022

3D printer-based self-healing capsules have been proposed to heal cracks by enabling various structural designs, repeatable fabrication, and strength analysis of the capsules. The Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM) method was used to design, analyze, and produce new self-healing capsules that are widely used at low cost. However, PLA extruded from FDM has low interlayer adhesion energy, and thus strength varies depending on the angle of load applied to the laminated layer and the concrete structure, thereby degrading the performance of the self-healing capsule. Therefore, in this paper, the structure of the capsule manufactured by the FDM PLA method has isotropic strength was designed. In addition, the fracture strength in the x, y, and z directions of the load applied through the compression test was analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that the newly proposed capsule design has an isotropic fracture strength of 1400% in all directions compared to the existing spherical thin-film capsule.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

일반 X선 촬영 실습용 팬텀은 방사선학과에 없어서는 안 되는 중요한 교재나 기존의 시판되는 팬텀은 고가의 수입품이기에 다양한 종류의 팬텀을 갖추는 것이 어렵다. 3D 프린팅 기술을 활용해 일반 X선 촬영 실습용 팬텀을 더욱 저렴하고 간편하게 제작해 보고자 한다. CT 영상 데이터를 기반으로 제작한 골격 모형을 FDM(Fused Deposition Modeling) 방식의 3D printer를 이용해 출력한 골격 모형을 일반 X선 촬영 실습용 팬텀으로써 사용해 보고자 한다. 3D slicer 4.7.0 프로그램을 이용해 CT DICOM 영상 데이터를 STL 파일로 변환하고 G-code 변환 과정을 거쳐 3D 프린터로 출력하여 골격 모형을 제작한다. 완성된 팬텀을 X선 촬영, CT 촬영하여 실제 의료 영상, 시판되는 팬텀과 비교해 본 결과 실제 의료영상과 골 밀도 등의 세부적인 차이가 존재하였으나 실습용 팬텀으로써 활용할 수 있다고 판단되었다. 저가화되어 보급된 3D 프린터와 연구용으로 무료 배포된 3D slicer 프로그램을 활용하여 저렴하면서도 일반 X선 촬영 실습에 사용하는 것이 가능한 팬텀을 제작할 수 있었다. 앞으로의 3D 프린팅 기술의 다양화와 연구에 따라 보건 교육, 의료 서비스 등 여러 분야에 적용하는 것이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Tool path generation is a part of process planning in 3D printing. This is done before actual printing by a computer rather than an AM machine. The mesh geometry of the 3D model is sliced layer-by-layer along the Z-axis and tool paths are generated from the sliced layers. Each 2-dimensional layer can have two types of printing paths: (i) shell and (ii) infill. Shell paths are made of offset loops. During shell generation, twists can be produced in offset loops which will cause twisted tool paths. As a twisted tool path cannot be printed, it is necessary to remove these twists during process planning. In this research, An algorithm is presented to remove twists from the offset loops. To do so the path segments are traversed to identify twisted points. Outer offset loops are represented in the counter-clockwise segment order and clockwise rotation for the inner offset loop to decide which twisted loop should be removed. After testing practical 3D models, the proposed algorithm is verified to use in tool path generation for 3D printing.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2017

The variable density phantom fabricated with varying the infill values of 3D printer to provide more accurate dose verification of radiation treatments. A total of 20 samples of rectangular shape were fabricated by using the $Finebot^{TM}$ (AnyWorks; Korea) Z420 model ($width{\times}length{\times}height=50mm{\times}50mm{\times}10mm$) varying the infill value from 5% to 100%. The samples were scanned with 1-mm thickness using a Philips Big Bore Brilliance CT Scanner (Philips Medical, Eindhoven, Netherlands). The average Hounsfield Unit (HU) measured by the region of interest (ROI) on the transversal CT images. The average HU and the infill values of the 3D printer measured through the 2D area profile measurement method exhibited a strong linear relationship (adjusted R-square=0.99563) in which the average HU changed from -926.8 to 36.7, while the infill values varied from 5% to 100%. This study showed the feasibility fabricating variable density phantoms using the 3D printer with FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling)-type and PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) materials.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2020

최근 3D프린터의 발전에 따라 실제 제품과 유사하게 제작하고 싶은 니즈가 늘어가고 있다. 이에 따라 FDM 풀 컬러 3D프린터가 개발되어 활발하게 보급되고 있으나, GUI디자인은 그에 미치지 못하여 사용자로 하여금 혼란을 야기한다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 문헌조사를 진행하였고, 사례 조사를 통하여 FDM 풀 컬러 3D프린터의 현황을 파악하고 선행연구를 바탕으로 GUI디자인의 구성요소를 분석하였다. 도출한 GUI디자인의 구성요소에 맞춰 체크리스트 초안을 도출하였으며, 세 차례의 델파이 조사를 통해 초안 50항목 중 24항목을 삭제하였으며 나머지 26가지 항목에 대한 타당성을 검증하였다. 그 결과 레이아웃은 직관적인 화면 구성과 사용빈도가 높은 메뉴 위주로 구성하여야 하며, 텍스트는 직관적으로 눈에 띄며 기능을 명확하게 전달하여야 한다. 또한 아이콘은 눈에 잘 보이는 위치에 위치하고 실생활에서 차용하여 이미지화하여야한다. 마지막으로 컬러는 강조색을 사용하여 사용자에게 피드백을 주고, 출력물과의 색상이 겹치지 않도록 하여야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2019

In this paper, We used the regression model of machine learning for improve the print quantity problem when which print scaffold with 400 ㎛ pore using FDM 3d printer. We have difficult to experiment with changing all factors in the field. So we reduced print quantity by selected two factors that most impact the pore size. We printed and measured scaffold 5 times under same conditions. We created regression model using scaffold pore size and print conditions. We predicted pore size of untested print condition using the regression model. After print scaffold with 400 ㎛ pore, we printed scaffold 5 times under same conditions. We compare the predicted scaffold pore size and the measured scaffold pore size. We confirmed that error is less than 1 % and we verified the results quantitatively.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2019

This study develops 3D-printed-garment collections for a fashion show presentation. A design concept using traditional patterns that consisted of garments regarding the limitation of the printing technology was investigated in order to develop the collection. The structures of the connecting joints of the textile parts which could be easily and sturdily interconnected were invented. Wearability as garments that could be naturally worn on the human body were sought. As a result, four 3D-printed-garments were developed. The 1st garment composed of objects based on a 'Yeon-Dang-Cho'-pattern was constructed as a geometric robe style using a FDM 3D printer and transparent TPU filaments. The 2nd and 3rd 3D-printed-garments composed of an object based on a 'Boe-Sang-Hwa'-pattern was constructed as a distorted one-piece exaggerating the silhouettes of shoulders and waist parts as well as a straight asymmetric tunic style that used the same printer and material as the 1st garment. The last garment composed of an object based on a 'Boe-Sang-Hwa'-pattern printed using a SLA 3D printer and flexible-liquid-resin was constructed attaching the objects on the fabric material by the hot-press machine. The four developed garments were presented in the opening fashion show of 'the 6th International 3D-printing Korea Expo'. This study provides a basic case for related studies to adapt 3D-printing technology in textile pattern development of garment construction.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of 3-dimensional(3D) printed models derived from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems with different fields of view (FOVs). Materials and Methods: Five human dry mandibles were used to assess the accuracy of reconstructions of anatomical landmarks, bone defects, and intra-socket dimensions by 3D printers. The measurements were made on dry mandibles using a digital caliper (gold standard). The mandibles then underwent MDCT imaging. In addition, CBCT images were obtained using Cranex 3D and NewTom 3G scanners with 2 different FOVs. The images were transferred to two 3D printers, and the digital light processing (DLP) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) techniques were used to fabricate the 3D models, respectively. The same measurements were also made on the fabricated prototypes. The values measured on the 3D models were compared with the actual values, and the differences were analyzed using the paired t-test. Results: The landmarks measured on prototypes fabricated using the FDM and DLP techniques based on all 4 imaging systems showed differences from the gold standard. No significant differences were noted between the FDM and DLP techniques. Conclusion: The 3D printers were reliable systems for maxillofacial reconstruction. In this study, scanners with smaller voxels had the highest precision, and the DLP printer showed higher accuracy in reconstructing the maxillofacial landmarks. It seemed that 3D reconstructions of the anterior region were overestimated, while the reconstructions of intra-socket dimensions and implant holes were slightly underestimated.