• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.153-186
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• 2000

Jigam(止感), Josik(調息), Kumchock(禁觸), from the lecture on Truth of ${\ll}Samilshingo{\gg}$(三一神誥) treat three elements of Kigong, regulation of mental activties, regulation of breathing and adjustment of posture and there are some similar mentions with the view of human body based on oriental medicine like those Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄), Samdo(三途) and Sippalkyoung(十八境) ect. Thus as a result of comparison and observation about the interrelationships between principle of Kigong in the lecture on Truth of ${\ll}Samilshingo{\gg}$(三一神誥) and oriental medicine. I have conclusion as follows. 1. According to the lecture on Truth, the components of human body are the one and only Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄) and Samdo(三途) resulted from facing Samjin(三眞) to Sammang(三妄) and Sippalkyoung(十八境). This fact presents the principle of human change. 2. the principle of Kigong mentioned in the lecture on Truth shows the original Ilshin(一神) on the basis of Samjin(三眞), Sammang(三妄), Samdo(三途) and Sippalkyoung(十八境). This makes common, unity and sound Sim(心), Ki(氣) and Shin(身), Sammang(三妄) through Jigam(止感), Josik(調息) and Kumchock(禁觸), be versed, intellected and guaranteed Sung(性), Myoung(命) and Jung(精), Samjin(三眞) and emit Kyun(見), Mun(聞), Ji(知) and haeng(行), Sadaeshingi(四大神機) and finally all these are harmonized into Duk(德), Hye(慧) and Ryuk(力), Samdae(三大) which is the entity of God. 3. Samsipyookjongmyowhasang(三十六種妙化相) is an ascetic practice done after a chulin(哲人) deduce Ji(止), Jo(調) and Kum(禁), Sambup(三法) on the basis of the lecture on Truth. So I suppose it correlates nature's six elements. Kong(空)(Chun(天)). Yol(熱)(Wha(火)). Jin(震(Jeon(電)), Seup(濕)(Shoo(水)), Han(寒)(Poong(風)) and Ko(固)(Ji(地)), human's Samjin(三眞), Sung(性), Myoung(命) and Jung(精) and Sammang(三妄), Sim(心), Ki(氣) and Shin(身) and makes clear the principle of discipline. 4. In comparison with Samjin(三眞) and Sammang(三妄) says from the lecture on Truth and the Three Essential Elements of the body construction(三寶) from oriental medicine, Samjin(三眞) and Sammang(三妄) as factors of human body in the concept of practical knowledge. That is the one and only Samjin(三眞) in terms of the Three Essential Elements of the body construction(三寶) is considered a structural principle for every single person and Sammang(三妄) is considered a functional form for each individual. And it can be Sung(性)+Sim(心)=Spirit(神), Myoung(命)+Ki(氣)=Vital Force(氣) and Jung(精)+Shin(身)=True Essence(精). 5. In comparison with Sippalkyoung(十八境) of Samdo(三途) from the lecture on Truth and three medical causes of disease, Gamdoyookkyoung(感途六境) is similar with endopathic cause caused by Naesangchiljung(內傷七情), Sikdoyukkyoung(息途六境) is similar with exopathic cause by six climatic conditions in excess as pathogenic factors(六淫) and Yoegi(?氣) and Chokdoyukkyoung(觸途六境) is similar with non-endo-exopathogenic causes by diet imbalance, fatigue, intemperance in sexual life and trauma etc. 6. In the lecture on Truth, the Chulin(哲人) who discipline Sambup(三法), Sangchul(上哲), Choongchul(中哲) and Hachul(下哲) can be compared with Kigong expert(health preserving expert) such as the Spiritual Men(眞人), the Sapients(至人), the Sages(聖人) and the Men of Exellent Virtue(寶人) in the Sang Gu Tian Zhen Lun of the Huang Ti Nei Ching Su Wen(素問 上古天眞論) and then Sangchul(上哲) is the Spiritual Men(眞人), Choongchul(中哲) is the Sapients(至人) and Hachul(下哲) is the Sages(聖人) while the men of Exellent Virtue(賢人) is inferior to Chulin(哲人) when he goes to extremes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 1990

This study was intended to analyse the relation between the psychic traumatic experience and the psychological health of the aged. The authors carried out this study by means of the combined anxiety-depression scale(CADS) and the preadolescence traumatic experience scale(PTES) with 278 aged men and women residing in Taegu from September to October 1988. The results were as follows : 1. Based on the scores avaluated by CADS, the scores of the both groups showed that comparative group was accounted for $40.15{\pm}6.19$, while the experimental group for $57.75{\pm}6.37$, which showed significantly higher score in the experimental group(p<0.001). 2. The experimental group showed significantly higher early experience score than the comparative group in the dietary difficulty, alcoholism among family members, disunion between husband and wife, trouble between mother and children, early mother loss, parent's indifference and unwanted birth(p<0.001). 3. The experimental group showed higher early experience score than the comparative group by sex, age, marital status and grown location(p<0.001). 4. When the subjects were included in the unemployed and in the middle or low classes and their parents were engaged in agriculture and commercial business and believing in buddhism or non-religion, showed higher experience score (p<0.001).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2009

Statement of problem: Loosening or fracture of the abutment screw is one of the common problems related to the dental implant. Generally, in order to make the screw joint stable, the preload generated by tightening torque needs to be increased within the elastic limit of the screw. However, additional tensile forces can produce the plastic deformation of abutment screw when functional loads are superimposed on preload stresses, and they can elicit loosening or fracture of the abutment screw. Therefore, it is necessary to find the optimum tightening torque that maximizes a fatigue life and simultaneously offer a reasonable degree of protection against loosening. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present the influence of tightening torque on the implant-abutment screw joint stability with the 3 dimensional finite element analysis. Material and methods: In this study, the finite element model of the implant system with external butt joint connection was designed and verified by comparison with additional theoretical and experimental results. Four different amount of tightening torques(10, 20, 30 and 40 Ncm) and the external loading(250 N, $30^{\circ}$) were applied to the model, and the equivalent stress distributions and the gap distances were calculated according to each tightening torque and the result was analyzed. Results: Within the limitation of this study, the following results were drawn; 1) There was the proportional relation between the tightening torque and the preload. 2) In case of applying only the tightening torque, the maximum stress was found at the screw neck. 3) The maximum stress was also shown at the screw neck under the external loading condition. However in case of applying 10 Ncm tightening torque, it was found at the undersurface of the screw head. 4) The joint opening was observed under the external loading in case of applying 10 Ncm and 20 Ncm of tightening torque. 5) When the tightening torque was applied at 40 Ncm, under the external loading the maximum stress exceeded the allowable stress value of the titanium alloy. Conclusion: Implant abutment screw must have a proper tightening torque that will be able to maintain joint stability of fixture and abutment.