• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of whole linseed supplementation on performances and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows. Thirty six Holstein Friesian crossbred lactating dairy cows were blocked by milking days first and then stratified random balanced for milk yields and body weight into three groups of 12 cows each. The control group received 300 g of palm oil. The second group was supplemented with 344 g/d of top-dressed whole linseed plus 150 g of palm oil and the third group was supplemented with 688 g/d of top-dressed whole linseed. All cows also received ad libitum grass silage (Brachiaria ruziziensis), had free access to clean water and were individually housed in a free-stall unit and individually fed according to treatments. Residual feeds were collected on 2 consecutive days weekly and at the end of the experiment. Feed samples were pooled to make representative samples for proximate and detergent analyses. Daily milk yields were recorded. Milk samples were collected on 2 consecutive days weekly. Live weights were recorded at the start and at the end of the experiment. Milk samples were taken on d 56 of the experiment and subjected to milk fatty acid composition. The results showed no statistical significant differences in intakes, live weight change, milk yields and milk compositions, however, C18:1, C18:3 and unsaturated FAs were increased while saturated FAs were reduced by whole linseed supplementation. It is recommended that the addition of 300 g/d oil from whole linseed could be beneficial to lactating dairy cows in early lactation.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2008

In this study, changes in total trans fatty acid (tFA) and fat contents were determined in soybean oil, shortening, and olive oil after potato sticks were fried 30 consecutive times, respectively. Prior to frying, the potato sticks contained 3.8% fat, with 43.2% tFAs, After the first frying in soybean oil, the total tFA content of the potato sticks sharply decreased to 3.2%, and then it gradually increased to 8.1 % after 30 consecutive times of frying. However, the total fat content of the potato sticks, fried in soybean oil increased to 15.2% after the first frying and thereafter it decreased to 9.75% with 30 repeated episodes of frying. When the potato sticks were fried in olive oil, similar changes in tFA and fat contents were shown; while such changes were not observed when shortening was used. After 30 consecutive frying events, the tFA contents in the soybean oil and olive oil increased to 4.15 and 5.75%, respectively; however, such an increase was not observed in the shortening. One can assume that most of the tFAs in the fried oils were from the potato sticks, which contained relatively high tFA content during the repeated deep-frying process.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5805-5810
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• 2013

This study was conducted to analyze the molecular mechanisms responsible for anti-proliferation effects of glaucocalyxin A in cultured MCF-7 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. The concentration that reduced cell viability to 50% (IC50) after 72 h treatment was derived and potential molecular mechanisms of anti-proliferation using the IC50 were investigated as changes in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Gene and protein expression changes related to apoptosis were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Involvement of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases and JNK signaling in regulation of these molecules was characterized by western blotting. Cell viability decreased in a concentration-dependent manner and the IC50 was determined as $1{\mu}M$ in MCF-7 and $4{\mu}M$ in Hs578T cell. Subsequently, we demonstrated that the GLA-induced MCF-7 and Hst578T cell death was due to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition and was associated with activation of the c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. We conclude that GLA has the potential to inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cells through the JNK pathway and suggest its application forthe effective therapy for patients with breast cancer.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was designed to elucidate the synergistic cytotoxic mechanisms of the co-treatment of Gagamjengac-tang (GGJAT) and As₂O₃ in human lung cancer cell line, H-157. Methods : The combination of GGJAT and As₂O₃ synergistically augmented the cytotoxicity of GGJAT and As₂O₃ in H­157 cells. The cytotoxicity by the combination of these two drugs was revealed as apoptosis which was characterized by chromatin condensation and fragmentation in DAPI staining. Results : Antioxidant NAC completely blocked the apoptotic death of H-157 cells by GGJAT and As₂O₃. The apoptotic cytotoxicity of GGJAT and As₂O₃ was accompanied by the induction of DR4 and DR5 in RT-PCR. In addition, antioxidant enzymes such as SOD1, GSH synthetase and GSH reductase were also increased in H-157 cells treated with GGJAT and As₂O₃. However, of note, p53, Fas, FasL and TRAIL were not detected in H-157 cells treated with GGJAT and As₂O₃ by RT-PCR. Conclusions : These results suggest that the synergistic cytotoxicity of the co-treatment of H-457 cells treated with GGJAT and As₂O₃ may cause induction of death receptors DR4 and DR5 as well as reactive oxygen species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.553-560
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• 2012

Hizikia fusiformis, a brown alga that is widely consumed in Korea, Japan, and China, possesses a number of potentially beneficial compounds, including antioxidants and anticoagulants. However, the molecular mechanisms of H. fusiformis in hepatoma cells have not been elucidated. This study investigated the antiproliferative effect and mechanism of action of a glycoprotein from H. fusiformis (HFGP) in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. In an MTS assay, 25 ${\mu}g/mL$ HFGP inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells by $52.36{\pm}2.37%$. HFGP caused the dose-dependent growth inhibition of HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis and a sub-G1 phase arrest. The antiproliferative activity of HFGP was confirmed based on the expression of several apoptosis-related proteins, which was assessed by Western blot analysis. The expressions of Fas, Fas-associated death domain protein, Bax, and Bad was significantly up-regulated in HFGP-treated cells, and HFGP induced the translocation of Bax to mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Therefore, HFGP might be useful in the treatment of liver cancer.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2000

Vitamin E-succinate (VES) treatment of U937 human monoblasts induced cells to undergo apoptosis. After 96 h of VES treatment at 10 $\mu$/ml, more than 80% of cells appeared apoptotic. Evidence for apoptosis by VES was based on propidium iodide staining for detection of chromatin condensational fragmentation and electrophoretic DNA ladder formation. Western blot analyses showed a transient increase in Fas and p21 protein levels up to 48 h alter the VES treatment. Protein expression and activity of CDK1 and lamin B degradation were remarkably induced by VES, following the cleavage of caspase-3 after 48 h. The VES-induced apoptosis was found to involve activation of PKC as shown by increases in membrane translocation of PKC$\beat$II and PKC activity. Pretreatment of GF109203X (PKC inhibitor) prior to VES treatment almost completely inhibited the induction of apoptosis as assessed by blockage of VES-induced caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation. However, GF109203X h8d no effect on the VES-induced nitric oxide synthesis, which was required for monocvtic differentiation in our previous report (J Cell Sci 111, 435, 1998). Taken together, our data suggest that induction of apoptosis by VES in U937 cells occurs through activation of PKC-$\beat$II resulting in the activation of caspase-3 cascade and is independent of nitric oxide.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.33-37
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• 2006

Since 1993, the civil aviation community through RTCA (Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics) and the ICAO (International Civil Air Navigation Organization) have been working on the definition of GNSS augmentation systems that will provide improved levels of accuracy and integrity. These augmentation systems have been classified into three distinct groups: Aircraft Based Augmentation Systems (ABAS), Space Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) and Ground Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS). The last one is an implemented system to support Air Navigation in CAT-I approaching operation. It consists of three primary subsystems: the GNSS Satellite subsystem that produces the ranging signals and navigation messages; the GBAS ground subsystem, which uses two or more GNSS receivers. It collects pseudo ranges for all GNSS satellites in view and computes and broadcasts differential corrections and integrity-related information; the Aircraft subsystem. Within the area of coverage of the ground station, aircraft subsystems may use the broadcast corrections to compute their own measurements in line with the differential principle. After selection of the desired FAS for the landing runway, the differentially corrected position is used to generate navigation guidance signals. Those are lateral and vertical deviations as well as distance to the threshold crossing point of the selected FAS and integrity flags. The Department of Applied Science in Naples has create for its study a virtual GBAS Ground station. Starting from three GPS double frequency receivers, we collect data of 24h measures session and in post processing we generate the GC (GBAS Correction). For this goal we use the software Pegasus V4.1 developed from EUROCONTROL. Generating the GC we have the possibility to study and monitor GBAS performance and integrity starting from a virtual functional architecture. The latter allows us to collect data without the necessity to found us authorization for the access to restricted area in airport where there is one GBAS installation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.950-969
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with Acremonium terricola culture (ATC) on the quality, conventional characteristics, and flavor substances of Hortobágy goose meat. A total of 720 one-day-old goslings were divided into four dietary treatments, each consisting of six cages of 30 goslings. The dietary conditions consisted of the control group and three treatment groups supplemented with 3, 5, or 7 g/kg ATC. In male geese, supplementation with 3 g/kg ATC elevated the crude ash (CA) content of the thigh muscle compared to the control group, and the CA content of the pectoralis major was significantly elevated when geese were supplemented with 5 g/kg ATC (p < 0.05). In females, compared with the control group, supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC enhanced the crude protein (CP) content of the pectoralis major. Supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC also increased the crude fat (CF) content of the pectoralis major in females as well as in both sexes; moreover, this supplementation dose increased the inosinic acid content of the thigh muscle in males and in both sexes. In contrast, supplementation with 5 g/kg ATC decreased the pH of the thigh muscle at 12 h postmortem (p < 0.01). No significant changes in meat color, water loss rate, shear force, moisture content or amino acid (AA) levels were observed after ATC supplementation (p > 0.05). Levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in the pectoralis major and levels of SFAs, monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and PUFAs in the thigh muscle were not affected by the supplementation. Overall, ATC supplementation had positive effects on the pH, and CA, CP, CF, inosinic acid contents as well as on the FA composition of gosling meat. The optimal level of ATC supplementation was 7 g/kg in goslings from 1 to 70 days of age.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.500-509
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• 2022

Purpose: We compared the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of children and adolescents with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) and organic abdominal pain disorders (ORGDs). Methods: This was a single-center, cross-sectional, observational study. The PedsQL 4.0 generic cores scales parent proxy-report was administered to parents/caregivers of 130 and 56 pediatric patients with FAPDs and ORGDs respectively on their first visit. The self-reported pain intensity in the patients was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and facial affective scale (FAS). Results: Irritable bowel syndrome was the most prevalent FAPDs, and the most prevalent ORGDs were reflux esophagitis (41.1%) and gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori (21.4%). There was no difference in HRQOL among patients diagnosed with ORGDs and FAPDs (p>0.05). Patients with ORGDs and FAPDs had lower HRQOL Scale scores than healthy Brazilian and American children's references, with a high proportion of children at risk for impaired HRQOL (p<0.0001). There was no difference in the VAS and the FAS scores between the ORGDs and the FAPDs. FAPDs had a higher prevalence of girls' and couples' disagreement (p<0.02), although poor school performance (p<0.0007) and bullying (p<0.01) were higher in patients with ORGD. Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a difference in impaired HRQOL between patients with ORGDs and FAPDs. Thus, considering the high prevalence of chronic abdominal pain in children, a well-founded treatment plan is necessary for a multidisciplinary cognitive-behavioral Pain management program.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2024

Accurate seismic vulnerability assessment requires high quality and large amounts of ground motion data. Ground motion data generated from time series contains not only the seismic waves but also the background noise. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the high-pass cut-off frequency to reduce the background noise. Traditional methods for determining the high-pass filter frequency are based on human inspection, such as comparing the noise and the signal Fourier Amplitude Spectrum (FAS), f² trend line fitting, and inspection of the displacement curve after filtering. However, these methods are subject to human error and unsuitable for automating the process. This study used a deep learning approach to determine the high-pass filter frequency. We used the Mel-spectrogram for feature extraction and mixup technique to overcome the lack of data. We selected convolutional neural network (CNN) models such as ResNet, DenseNet, and EfficientNet for transfer learning. Additionally, we chose ViT and DeiT for transformer-based models. The results showed that ResNet had the highest performance with R² (the coefficient of determination) at 0.977 and the lowest mean absolute error (MAE) and RMSE (root mean square error) at 0.006 and 0.074, respectively. When applied to a seismic event and compared to the traditional methods, the determination of the high-pass filter frequency through the deep learning method showed a difference of 0.1 Hz, which demonstrates that it can be used as a replacement for traditional methods. We anticipate that this study will pave the way for automating ground motion processing, which could be applied to the system to handle large amounts of data efficiently.