• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.04b
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• pp.43-44
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• 2009

We fabricated organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based a fluorinated copper phthalocyanine ($F_{16}CuPc$) as an active layer. And we observed the surface morphology of the $F_{16}CuPc$ thin film. The $F_{16}CuPc$ thin film thickness was 40nm, and the channel length was $50{\mu}m$, channel width was 3mm. We observed the typical current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and capacitance-voltage (C-V) in $F_{16}CuPc$ FET and we calculated the effective mobility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.504-505
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• 2008

We fabricated organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based a fluorinated copper phthalocyanine ($F_{16}CuPc$) as an active layer. And we observed the surface morphology of the $F_{16}CuPc$ thin film. The $F_{16}CuPc$ thin film thickness was 40nm, and the channel length was $50{\mu}m$, channel width was 3mm. We observed the typical current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and capacitance-voltage (C-V) in $F_{16}CuPc$ FET and we calculated the effective mobility.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to elucidate the antimelanogenic effect of Dokhwalkisaeng-tang(Duohujisheng-tang) in B16F10 melanoma cells. Dokhwalkisaeng-tang(DKT) was used to develop the effective prescription of inhibition of melanin production. We determined inhibitory effects of DKT on melanin-release, melanin production, and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells. And to explicate the action-mechanism of DKT, melanin-related gene expressions were determined using RT-PCR and real time RT PCR technique in B16F10 melanoma cells. DKT inhibited melanin-release, melanin production in B16F10 melanoma cells considerably. DKT inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10 melanoma cells. DKT inhibited the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 in B16F10 melanoma cells. DKT inhibited the expression of PKA, PKC, MMP-2 and MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. On the other hand, DKT increased the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1 in B16F10 melanoma cells. From these results, we propose that DKT may have effect on the antimelanogenesis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.66-82
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to elucidate the inhibitory effect of Yukmijihwangtang-gagambang (YMG) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cell. Methods: To demonstrate the inhibitory effects of YMG on melanin synthesis, we measured the amount of released and produced melanin in B16F10 melanoma cell. Also, we evaluated tyrosinase-activity in vitro as well as in B16F10 melanoma cell. And to investigate the action mechanism we assessed the gene expressions of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MMP-2, PKA, PKC${\beta}$, ERK-1 ERK-2, AKT-1 and MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. Results: 1. YMG decreased the release and production of melanin in B16F10 melanoma cells. 2. YMG decreased tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10 melanoma cells. 3. YMG decreased the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, PKA, PKC${\beta}$ and MMP-2 in B16F10 melanoma cells. 4. YMG increased the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, and AKT-1 in B16F10 melanoma cells. 5. YMG decreased the expression of MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. Conclusion: From these results, we suggest that YMG inhibit melanin synthesis via tyrosinase inhibition and regulation of the gene expression in B16F10 melanoma cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2022

Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that invade, survive and proliferate in numerous phagocytic and non-phagocytic cell types, thereby leading to human and animal brucellosis. Outer membrane proteins (Omps) are major immunogenic and protective antigens that are implicated in Brucella virulence. A strain deleted of the omp16 gene has not been obtained which suggests that the Omp16 protein is vital for Brucella survival. Nevertheless, we previously constructed an omp16 conditional deletion strain of Brucella, ∆Omp16. Here, the virulence and immune response elicted by this strain were assessed in a mouse model of infection. Splenomegaly was significantly reduced at two weeks post-infection in ∆Omp16-infected mice compared to infection with the parental strain. The bacterial load in the spleen also was significantly decreased at this post-infection time point in ∆Omp16-infected mice. Histopathological changes in the spleen were observed via hematoxylin-eosin staining and microscopic examination which showed that infection with the ∆Omp16 strain alleviated spleen histopathological alterations compared to mice infected with the parental strain. Moreover, the levels of humoral and cellular immunity were similar in both ∆Omp16-infected mice and parental strain-infected mice. The results overall show that the virulence of ∆Omp16 is attenuated markedly, but that the immune responses mediated by the deletion and parental strains in mice are indistinguishable. The data provide important insights that illuminate the pathogenic strategies adopted by Brucella.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.83-98
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Soyosangagamhwajae(SYG) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cell. Methods: The Inhibitory effects of Soyosangagamhwajae(SYG) on melanin synthesis were determined by in-vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of SYG on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release in B16F10 cell. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2. PKA, $PKC{\beta}$ in B16F10 cell. Results: 1. SYG significantly inhibited melanin-release in B16F10 cell. 2. SYG significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro. 3. SYG significantly suppressed the expression of tyrosinase in B16F10 cell. 4. SYG significantly suppressed the expression of TRP-1, TRP-2 in B16F10 cell. 5. SYG significantly suppressed the expression of PKA, $PKC{\beta}$ in B16F10 cell. Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that SYG has the antimelanogenetic effect.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-109
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Sihosogansangagambang (SS) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells (B16F10). Methods: The inhibitory effects of Sihosogansangagambang on melanin synthesis were used by in vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of SS on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release in B16F10. And to investigate the mechanism of inhibitory effect of SS, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 and ERK-1 in B16F10. Results: 1. SS decreased the release of melanin in B16F10 melanoma cells. 2. SS inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro. 3. SS decreased the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-2 in B16F10 melanoma cells, but did not decreased the expression of TRP-1 in B16F10 melanoma cells. 4. SS decreased the expression of ERK-1 in B16F10 melanoma cells. Conclusion: From these results, it may be suggested that SS is possesed of the antimelanogenetic effects.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 2006

Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an oil-soluble organosulfur compound in garlic has been reported to suppress tumor growth and to induce apoptosis in cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of DADS on pulmonary metastasis of B16-F10 murine melanoma cells. DADS (i.p. 40 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) reduced the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules (48%) in experimental pulmonary metastasis assay. We also found that DADS inhibited adhesion, invasion and migration of B16-F10 melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. To study the antimetastatic potential of DADS, we performed the effects of DADS on matrix metalloproteinase activity. DADS significantly inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in B16-F10 cells by gelatin zymography. These results suggest that DADS prevent metastasis in part through suppression of migration of B16-F10 melanoma cells by Inhibiting matrix metalloproteirase-2 responsible for degradation of extracellar matrix.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2021

This study was performed to clarify the whitening effects of anthricin on the B16F10 cell line. In order to elucidate the whitening effects of anthricin on the B16F10 cell line, cell viability, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions, tyrosinase activity assay, and melanin production assay were measured. The effects of anthricin on tyrosinase-related protein 1(TYRP1)/TYRP2/tyrosinase (TYR)/microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA expressions and melanin content were determined. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed that anthricin decreased the mRNA expression level of TYRP1/TYRP2/TYR/MITF genes and melanin production contents than α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. The tyrosinase activity assay revealed that anthricin decreased the melanin production on the B16F10 cells. These data show that anthricin increases the whitening effects on the B16F10 cells; thus, anthricin is a potent ingredient for skin whitening. Thus, further research on the mechanism of action of anthricin for the development of not only cosmetics, but also healthy food and medicine should be investigated.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1001-1005
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• 2014

Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the active ingredients extracted from red ginseng, and it is an effective chemical component of the human body and well known in herbal medicine as a restorative agent. Several studies have shown that Rg3 has a potent anti-tumor effect on various cancer cell lines. However, Rg3-induced apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cancer cells is not well understood. In the present study, we tested whether ginsenoside Rg3 could induce apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells. We found that Rg3 could inhibit B16F10 melanoma cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, but not normal cells, such as EA.hy.926 and NIH3T3 cells. We also found that Rg3 could induce apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells using tunnel-staining assay in a dose-dependent manner. Rg3 treatment induces the phosphorylation of p38 and the expression of Bax, but it inhibits the expressions of the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase Bcl2 and pro-caspase3. Taken together, our data suggest that Rg3 could be useful as an anti-cancer agent in B16F10 melanoma cells.