• Title/Summary/Keyword: Extrapulmonary

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A Case of Cerebral Infarction Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection (Mycolasma pneumoniae 감염에 의한 뇌경색증 1례)

  • Ahn, Young Joon;Choi, Ki Cheol;Yang, Eun Seok;Park, Yeong-Bong;Park, Sang-Gi;Moon, Kyung Rye;Kim, Young Sook
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.308-312
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    • 1998
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is usually confined to the respiratory tract but it can cause a variety of extrapulmonary manifestations such as rashes, myalgia, hemolytic anemia, cerebral infarction, transverse myelitis, cerebellar ataxia, Guillain-Barre syndrome and meningoencephalitis. Neurologic complications of Mycoplasma pneumonia have been rarely reported until now. Cerebral infarction as a complication of mycoplasma infection in children has been very rarely reported. In our case, in a young girl with M. pneumoniae infection, a cerebral infarct resulted in persistent and significant neurological dysfunction. We report a 11-year-old girl with cerebral infarction associated with clinical and serologic evidence of Mycoplasma infection.

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MR Imaging of Anoperineal Tuberculous Abscess: A Case Report (항문회음부 결핵성 농양의 자기공명 영상소견: 증례 보고)

  • Kang, Woo-Young;Sung, Deuk-Jae;Han, Na-Yeon;Park, Beom-Jin;Kim, Min-Ju;Cho, Sung-Bum
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.184-188
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    • 2012
  • Anoperineal tuberculosis is a rare extrapulmonary form of the disease and may present as abscess. We report a case of anoperineal tuberculous abscess, which showed low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and diffusion restriction on diffusion weighted images.

A Case of Laryngeal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (후두에 발생한 염증성 근섬유모세포종 1 례)

  • Park, Sang Gyu;Kim, Yeseul;Woong, Jun Hyun;Song, Chang Myeon
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.71-75
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    • 2019
  • Inflammatory myofibrolastic tumor (IMT) is a rare borderline neoplasm. It frequently occurs in the lung but occasionally occurs in extrapulmonary sites such as the genitourinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, breast, salivary glands, sinonasal tract, orbit, and the central nervous system. Laryngeal involvement of IMT is very rare. A 61-year-old woman who complained of hoarseness persisting for 3 months visited our hospital. Laryngoscopy showed an elevated lesion in the right true vocal cord. Incisional biopsy was confirmed as larygeal inflammatory myofibrolastic tumor. We performed a transoral excision with CO2 LASER under suspension examination. Regional recurrence or distant metastasis was not observed after 9 months of follow-up. Herein we report a case of larygeal inflammatory myofibrolastic tumor that was treated with surgery alone, with a literature review.

A Case of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia with Histopathologic Finding of Bronchiolitis Obliterans with Organizing Pneumonia in Patient with AIDS (폐쇄성 세기관지염.간질성 폐렴 양상을 보인 Pneumocystis Carinii 폐렴 1예)

  • Ahn, Myoung-Soo;Koh, Young-Min;Shin, Jin;Jeong, Hong-Bae;Lee, Seong-Eun;Chung, Yeon-Tae
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.444-450
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    • 1998
  • PCP remains the leading cause of deaths in patients with AIDS. As familiarity with PCP increases, atypical manifestations of the diseases are being recognized with greater frequency. There are following "atypical" manifestations of PCP ; 1) interstitial lung response that include diffuse alveolar damage, bronchiolitis obliterance, interstitial fibrosis, and lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate 2) striking localized process frequently exhibiting granulomatous features 3) extensive necrosis & cavitation 4) extrapulmonary dissemination of the disease. A wide variety of pathologic manifestations may occur in PCP in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patienst and that atypical features should be sought in lung biopsies from patients at risk for PCP. We had experienced a case of PCP, which presented with severe hypoxia, progressive dyspnea and fine crackles. It was diagnosed as PCP in AIDS with manifestation of BOOP by open lung biopsy and showed good response to Bactrim & corticosteroid therapy.

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A Case of Deep Neck Infection by Tuberculosis in AIDS (AIDS환자에서 발생한 결핵성 심경부감염 1례)

  • Moon Jun Hwan;Choi Ho Young;Lee Deung Ho;Jun Sung Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.37-41
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    • 2005
  • Deep neck infections mean infection in the potential spaces and facial planes of the neck, either abscess formation or cellulitis. Deep neck infections are caused by dental, salivary gland, pharyngeal and tonsillar infections. Sometimes, deep neck infection may be caused by tuberculosis in case of immunodefiecient patients. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) is a disease associated with defective cell-mediated immunity after infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). The chance of opportunistic infection in patients of AIDS increases as the level of immunodeficienty progresses. Human immunodeficiency virus infection is the most single significant risk factor for progression of pulmonary tuberculosis to extrapulmonary sites. In patients infected with HIV, the rate of extrapulomonary tuberculosis rises upto $60\%$. We report a case of a 47 year old male patient with AIDS associated with deep neck infection by tuberculosis.

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Primary orbital tuberculosis on the lower eyelid with cold abscess

  • Yoon, Hyun Sik;Na, Young Cheon;Lee, Hye Mi
    • Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.274-278
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    • 2019
  • Orbital tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, even in endemic areas. It may involve the soft tissue, lacrimal gland, periosteum, or bones of the orbital wall. We present a case of orbital tuberculosis on the lower eyelid. An 18-year-old woman with no underlying disease visited our clinic for evaluation of an oval nodule ($1.5{\times}1.2cm$) on the right lower eyelid. Incision and drainage without biopsy was performed 2 months ago in ophthalmology department, but the periorbital mass had deteriorated, as the patient had erythematous swelling, tenderness, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Visual acuity was normal; there were no signs of proptosis, diplopia, or ophthalmoplegia. Computed tomography revealed a small abscess cavity without bony involvement. We performed an excision and biopsy through a percutaneous incision under local anesthesia. Histological examination revealed a granuloma and was diagnosed as orbital tuberculosis. The patient was additionally treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy for 6 months and recovered without complication or recurrence by 7 months. Orbital tuberculosis occurs in patients with or without associated pulmonary tuberculosis, and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with inflammatory orbital disease and an orbital mass. If recurrence occurs despite adequate initial treatment, we recommend an additional examination and excisional biopsy.

Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review

  • Jo, Yong Suk
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.85 no.4
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    • pp.289-301
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    • 2022
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway inflammation characterized by fixed airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms, such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea. COPD is a progressive disease characterized by a decline in lung function. During the natural course of the disease, acute deterioration of symptoms leading to hospital visits can occur and influence further disease progression and subsequent exacerbation. Moreover, COPD is not only restricted to pulmonary manifestations but can present with other systemic diseases as comorbidities or systemic manifestations, including lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, sarcopenia, and metabolic abnormalities. These pulmonary and extrapulmonary conditions lead to the aggravation of dyspnea, physical inactivity, decreased exercise capacity, functional decline, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. In addition, pneumonia, which is attributed to both COPD itself and an adverse effect of treatment (especially the use of inhaled and/or systemic steroids), can occur and lead to further deterioration in the prognosis of COPD. This review summarizes the long-term outcomes of patients with COPD. In addition, recent studies on the prediction of adverse outcomes are summarized in the last part of the review.

Solitary fibrous tumor in the temporalis muscle: a case report and literature review

  • Jun Ho Choi;Soo Hyuk Lee;Jae Ha Hwang;Kwang Seog Kim;Sam Yong Lee
    • Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.230-235
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    • 2023
  • Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an infrequently occurring neoplasm most commonly observed in the pleura, but it can develop in the head and neck region in occasional cases. However, no reports have described SFT in the temporalis muscle. Herein, we present the first known case of SFT in the temporalis muscle. A 47-year-old man complained of a painless palpable mass on his right temple. Facial enhanced computed tomography identified a 4.0×2.9×1.4 cm mass presenting as a vascular tumor in the right temporalis muscle under the zygomatic arch. The mass was excised from the right temporalis muscle under general anesthesia. A histopathologic examination revealed that the mass was an SFT. No complications occurred after surgery, including functional disability or sensory loss. The patient was followed up for 3 months without complications. Although SFT in extrapulmonary regions is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of masses that occur in the temporal area.

Current Status of Etiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations and Imagings for COVID-19

  • Meng Di Jiang;Zi Yue Zu;U. Joseph Schoepf;Rock H. Savage;Xiao Lei Zhang;Guang Ming Lu;Long Jiang Zhang
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.1138-1149
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    • 2020
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a transmissible respiratory disease that was initially reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. With the alarming levels of COVID-19 spread worldwide, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. Over the past several months, chest CT has played a vital role in early identification, disease severity assessment, and dynamic disease course monitoring of COVID-19. The published data has enriched our knowledge on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pathologic findings of COVID-19. Additionally, as the imaging spectrum of the disease continues to be defined, extrapulmonary infections or other complications will require further attention. This review aims to provide an updated framework and essential knowledge with which radiologists can better understand COVID-19.

Three cases of pulmonary and/or intestinal tuberculosis in adolescents (청소년의 폐 및 폐외 결핵 3례)

  • Byeon, Jung Hye;Lee, Yoon;Lee, Jin Chul;Yoo, Young;Lee, Kee Hyoung;Lee, Kwang Chul;Choung, Ji Tae;Ham, Soo Youn;Kim, Chul Whan
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.50 no.11
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    • pp.1134-1138
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    • 2007
  • Since the tuberculosis (TB) in adolescents has unique clinical characteristics, special attention should be paid to this age group. Adolescents are more susceptible to developing TB disease and more likely to have cavitary pulmonary disease. Also, adolescent patients with TB more frequently present with extrapulmonary disease. We report three adolescents with active pulmonary and/or intestinal TB: one had pulmonary and intestinal TB, another had a pulmonary TB, and the third exclusively had an intestinal TB. Diagnosis was confirmed by pathologic examination of the lung and/or intestines. All three patients were treated successfully without complication. A brief review of the literature has been included.