• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.205-207
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• 2001

Purpose : The aim of present study is to estimate the relationship among reference lines used for taking the extraoral radiography and panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalographs of 40 adults, aged 22 to 30 years were taken. Angles between reference lines (Frankfort line, canthomeatal line, infraorbitomeatal line, and occlusal plane) were measured. Results: Angles between Frankfort line and canthomeatal line, Frankfort line and infraorbitomeatal line, Frankfort line and occlusal plane, canthomeatal line and infraorbitomeatal line, canthomeatal line and occlusal plane, and infraorbitomeatal line and occlusal plane were 16.1° (±2.2), 5.8° (±2.4), 8.7° (±3.5), 10.3° (±1.3), 24.8° (±4.0), and 14.5° (±4.4),respectively. Conclusion: Angle between frankfort and canthomeatal line is very different with commonly known angle. Frankfort horizontal reference lines used for panoramic radiography need an exact definition and more accurate standard is needed for the taking of panoramic radiograph.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.464-472
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• 1994

Surgical removal of the submandibular gland via intraoral approach was performed. The surgical procedure to be used for removal of submandibular gland had been performed via extraoral approach for many centuries. Disadvantages of extraoral technique are the esthetic distress due to an external scar, residual inflammation in Wharton's duct, and neurological complications. Indications of intraoral approach are unlimited in surgical cases of submandibular gland. Advantages of intraoral approach are esthetic satisfaction due to no remaining scars, preservation of adjacent anatomical structures and preservation of lower facial contour. This paper describes the surgical technique of the submandibular gland excision through an intraoral approach and variable incision lines tried. In 7 cases, excellent results were obtained after removal of the submandibular gland through an intraoral approach.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.720-722
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• 2021

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2001

The treatment of mandibular subcondylar fractures is a matter of controversy. The majority of mandibular subcondylar fracture are treated by closed reduction, but the displaced or dislocated mandibular subcondylar fractures may be treated by open reduction. The characteristics of open reduction are the anatomical reduction, the functional restoration, the rapid function, the maintenance of vertical ramus dimension, the better appearance and the less resultant TMJ problem etc. When an open reduction is considered, the wire, miniplate, lag screw and Kirschner wire are available with internal fixation. Of these, Kirschner wire is a simple method relatively and correct positioning of the wire achieves rigid fixation. But many open reduction methods for mandibular subcondylar fractures require extraoral approach. The extraoral approach has some problems, the facial scar and the risk of facial nerve injury. On the other hand, the intraoral approach eliminates the potency of the facial scar and the facial nerve injury, but is difficult to access the operation site. Since the intraoral approach was first described by Silverman (1925), the intraoral approach to the mandibular condyle has been developed with modifications. The purpose of this article is to describe the intraoral technique with the Kirschner wire on mandibular subcondylar fractures. Conclusion : The intraoral reduction with Kirschner wire on mandubular subcondylar fractures avoids the facial scar and facial nerve injury and is simple method to the extraoral approach. And it has minimal morbidity and better esthetics.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal and internal gap of wax copings fabricated from extraoral scanning with intraoral scanning. Methods: Fifteen study models(abutment of teeth 16) were made by PMMA. STL files of thirty abutment were prepared by intraoral scanning with extraoral scanning. Wax copings of thirty fabricated using CAD/CAM system. Marginal and internal gap of wax copings of thirty were measured by silicone replica technique and digital microscope(${\times}140$). Date were analyzed by using independent samples t-test. Results: Mean (SD) of two group were measured $55.61(27.42){\mu}m$ for totally gap of ES group and $60.67(33.14){\mu}m$ for totally gap of IS group. But marginal and internal gap of two group were not differences statistically significant(p>0.05). Conclusion: Evaluation of marginal and internal gap of two group showed that no differences statistically significant and clinically acceptable results.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2021

본 연구는 치과위생사의 치위생사정의 수행 실태를 조사하고, 치과의료기관 유형에 따른 수행 비율을 파악하기 위하여 수행하였다. 수도권 임상치과위생사 195명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였고, 수행실태를 조사한 치위생사정 항목은 치과병력 채득, 의과병력 채득, 생징후 측정, 구외 검사, 구내 검사, 치주조직 검사로 총 6가지였다. 연구 결과 수행 비율이 가장 높은 항목은 치과병력 채득 92.8%였고, 가장 낮은 항목은 구외 검사 57.9% 였다. 치과 유형에 따른 치위생사정 수행률을 비교하면, 모든 항목에서 치과의원이 치과병원과 대학병원에 비해 높았으며 특히 구내검사와 구외검사 수행률이 치과의원에서 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 전반적으로 높은 치위생사정 수행률을 볼 때, 임상 실태를 반영하지 못하는 치과위생사의 법적업무에 대한 논의와 일부 치위생사정 항목에 대한 보험수가 반영이 필요할 것이다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1989

The is a retrospective study on the transoral approach to open reduction of the Mandibular fractures. Our study was based on a series of 64 patients with mandibular fractures among 99 patients of facial bone fractures who had been treated by transoral approach with or without extraoral approach at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei Medical Center, Yonsei University from January 1981 to October 1988. We studied favorite sites of open reduction, fixation methods, results and prognosis related to transoral approaches of Mandibular fractures, and which compared with extraoral approaches. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The transoral open reduction was used more frequently in Mandibular fractures(64.6%) than Midfacial bone fractures(35.4%). Among 64 patients of mandibular fractures, 47 patients(73.4%) were treated only by transoral approach and others(26.6%) were treated by both trans- and extra-oral approach. Among 92 sites of mandibular fractures, 75 sites(81.5%) were treated by transoral approach and 17(18.5%) were treated by extraoral approach. 2. The most favorite site for transoral approach compared with extraoral approach was Symphysis(100%), and Angle(62.5%) was next in order of frequency on Mandibular fractures. 3. Direct Interosseous Wiring(DIW) was most commonly used for fixation(64.6%) and Miniplate osteosynthesis was used next in 28.1%. 4. Simple(39.1%) and Compound(52.2%) fractures were frequently indicated for transoral approach, however comminuted fractures were rarely indicated. 5. The direction of fracture lines on Angle of the mandible did not influence to determine whether transoral approach should be selected or not. However this area seemed to be more difficult to reduce exactly by transoral procedure than other areas because simultaneous superior and inferior fixation was applied predominantly on this area. 6. The success rate of reduction and fixation analyzed from us was more excellent in Direct Interosseous Wiring(29/53=54.7%) than in Rigid Internal Fixation(9/29=31.0%). But it might be depended upon various factors as like as sugeon's skill. 7. The postoperative complication due to transoral open reduction of mandible was not high(12.0%) and this rate was similar with other published reports.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.367-385
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• 1988

In case of skeletal Class III malocclusion with underdeveloped maxilla, the extraoral orthopedic force for the stimulation of maxillary growth or anterior reposition of the maxilla has been used clinically for the improvement of facial skeletal relationship. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the initial reaction of maxillofacial complex to the maxillary protraction by using extraoral orthopedic force. The dried human skull was used and this investigation was done by means of double exposure holographic interferometry. The protraction forces placed on the canine or the first molar were parallel, $10^{\circ}$ downward, $20^{\circ}$ downward to the occlusal plane. Fringe pattern of each protraction condition was compared and analized. The results were as follows: 1. Each maxillofacial bone displaced saparately. 2. More displacement was shown at the area of the teeth and the alveolar bone. 3. A counterclockwise rotation of the maxilla wa decreased by downward protraction and especially 20 degree downward protraction from the canine showed least rotation. 4. On the zygomatic arch, outward bend was observed and this effect was decreased by downward protraction. 5. On the zygomatic bone, the counter clockwise rotation was increased by the downward protraction. 6. When maxillary expansion was applied at the same time, outward and upward displacement with counterclockwise rotation was observed on the maxilla. 7. The lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone was affected by maxillary protraction.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on 219 patients with mandibular fracture. The patients were treated in the Dept. of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery of WON KWANG UNIV. HOSPITAL from Aug. 1, 1984 to Sept. 30. 1988. The results were as follows. 1. The mandibular fractures occured most frequently in the twenties(35%) and male were predominant (74.7%) than females. 2. The most frequent etiologic factor was traffic accident(34.3%). 3. The most common location of fracture was symphysis(37.1%). And angle(27.6%), condyle(25.7%), ramus(1.6%) were next in order of frequency. 4. In mandible fracture, they have an average 1.8 fracture line. 5. The use of plate & screw system were more increased in the comparison of each year. 6. Intermaxillary fixation period was more reduced from the concept of 6 weeks fixation, due to the use of Plate & screw system. 7. Postoperative acute wound infection was developed 9.6% in 219 mandibular fracture patients. The compression osteosynthesis was most common cause of acute wound infection than any other treatment method. 8. Postoperative malocclusion was developed 4% in 219 mandibular fracture. And the compression osteosynthesis was most common cause of malocclusion. 9. Acute wound infection was detailed by the approach method. The Intraoral & extraoral combination method was most common cause on acute infection and intraoral, extraoral approach method was next in order of frequency. 10. Normal mouth opening process was proportioned to IMF period. The short IMF period have a fast normal mouth opening process.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2008

Various surgical approaches in the mandibular condyle fracture have been reported and many advantages of intraoral reduction were also introduced. But there are still controversies about surgical method of condylar fractures up to date. To establish the surgical approach protocol of condylar fracture, from May 2001 to December 2004, total 65 patients with 74 fractures of the mandibular condyle were reviewed during 2 years, retrospectively. All cases were classified according to the treatment considering factors, such as the level of fracture, degree and direction of displacement of fractured segment, patient’s age and gender, surgical approach methods, and their complications. Especially, advantages and surgical limitations of extraoral surgical approach, such as direct reduction and fixation via submandibular approach, Nam’s method, and endaural approach, were compared with those of intraoral surgical approach, such as direct intraoral reduction with transbuccal fixation or right angle driver system, and intraoral reinsertional approach after extraoral fixation of fractured fragment. The guidelines of surgical approach of condylar fracture based on our clilnical retrospective experiences and literature reviews can be suggested.