• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2024

As the complexity and diversity of modern urban development increases, the importance of external space planning in urban development projects is growing. This study analyzes the importance and characteristics of each major to enhance the utility value of external space, which aims to improve the efficiency of external space planning and ultimately improve the quality of life of residents. To this end, we reviewed relevant literature, legal guidelines, checklists, and guidelines, and derived 17 external space indicators through expert surveys and FGIs, and organized them into five major categories: accessibility, connectivity, suitability, stability and locality, and landscape planning through FGIs with experts in architecture, urbanism, and landscape architecture. As a result of the analysis, urban planning and design majors prioritized planning that considers the hierarchy and characteristics of the landscape structure, securing public space through the connection of open spaces and pedestrian paths, and connecting organic and three-dimensional buildings, streets, and parks; architectural planning and design majors prioritized harmony with the surrounding environment, securing public space through the connection of open spaces and pedestrian paths, and connecting organic and three-dimensional buildings, streets, and parks; and landscape (environmental) and landscape majors prioritized harmony with the surrounding environment, connecting with adjacent buildings, streets, parks, and green spaces, and planning with integrated landholdings. This emphasizes that urban development projects should secure publicness and integration through harmonious connections with adjacent buildings, streets, parks, and green spaces. This study developed evaluation indicators for evaluating the external space planning of urban development projects and quantified them through the hierarchical analysis method (AHP), which will be useful for future policy formulation and practical application in the fields of urban planning and design, architectural planning and design, landscape (environment), and landscape architecture.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.5 s.21
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

Recently, many korean construction companies have faced many environmental changes and demands for external changes. This demand for external changes is necessary for all companies that is under the survival of fittest. The internal/external of environmental changes affect the organizations of company largely, and these management organizations have relation with the corporate of management performance closely. In response to that, to be adapted to the environmental change and to raise the corporate of management performance, the construction companies have tried to change the organizations such as organization re-design, organization re-build, organization innovation. Because the organizational structure that is preventive in the growth of companies bring a negative effect, the companies need to have the effective organizations to raise the corporate value. The effective organizations could be used the important indicator that builds the corporate goals and manages the organizations. Also, the organization development and organization management can prepare for environmental changes can be the important base to increase the management performance. Therefore, After surveying and analyzing the character of organization structure in respect to the OLC, this study present the Organization Structure Model that can design the appropriate organization by the growth of companies.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.553-564
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• 2013

This study evaluates the local damage of a turbine in an auxiliary building of a nuclear power plant due to an external impact by using the LS-DYNA finite element program. The wall of the auxiliary building is SC structure and the material of the SC wall plate is high manganese steel, which has superior ductility and energy absorbance compared to the ordinary steel used for other SC wall plates. The effects of the material of the wall, collision speed, and angle on the magnitude of the local damage were evaluated by local collision analysis. The analysis revealed that the SC wall made of manganese steel had significantly less damage than the SC wall made of ordinary steel. In conclusion, an SC wall made of manganese steel can have higher effective resistance than an SC wall made of ordinary steel against the local collision of an airplane engine or against a turbine impact.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.647-655
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• 2014

To perform long-term sewer monitoring, It is important to understand the nature of the wastewater flow that occurs at the point on early stage of the monitor and to prevent in advance a problem which may caused. We can infer the flow properties and external factors by analyzing the scatter graph obtained from the measured data flow rate monitoring data since an field external factor affecting the sewage flow is reflected in the flow rate monitoring data. In this study, Selecting the three points having various external factors, and we Inferred the sewer flow characteristics from depth-velocity scatter graph and determined the analysis equation for the dry-weather flow rate data. At the'point 1' expected non-pressure flow, we were able to see the drawdown effect caused by the free fall in the manhole section. At the'point 2', existed weir and sediments, there was backwater effect caused by them, and each of size calculated from the scatter graph analysis were 400 mm and 130 mm. At the'Point 3', there is specific flow pattern that is coming from flood wave propagation generated by the pump station at upstream. In common, adequate equations to explain the dry weather flow data are flume equation and modified manning equation(SS method), and the equations had compatibility for explaining the data because all of $R^2$ values are over 0.95.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.283-293
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• 2023

With the steady increase in the annual number of earthquakes in South Korea, the need to apply seismic reinforcement on public facilities has recently increased. To reinforce seismic capacity, spaced full-column-height steel bars are attached to column faces. In this study, nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of external reinforcement steel bars on the seismic capacity of RC columns with a square or rectangular cross-section. For verification, the analysis results were compared with test results. Results showed that the finite element analysis reasonably predicted the actual structural behavior of RC columns with steel bars. In addition, both the analysis and the test results showed that the failure mode was converted from brittle failure to ductile fracture, owing to the external reinforcement steel bars. Both loading capacity and ductility were increased as well. Therefore, the external reinforcement steel bar can effectively enhance the seismic capacity of existing RC columns. This study is expected to contribute to relevant research areas such as the development of design methods.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

Environmental pollution and climate change in Vietnam are now becoming a major concern. This situation is increasing the pressure on the companies to improve their social responsibility in production and business activities and disclose the environmental information to meet the requirements of stakeholders. This study investigates the internal and external factors of the company that affects the environmental information disclosure of listed companies on the Vietnam stock market as business sector, firm size, corporate manager perceptions, profitability, financial leverage, community pressure, pressures from stakeholders, government pressure influencing environmental information disclosure. Analytical data collected through the survey of 120 listed companies on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE). By testing Cronbach's Alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and logistic regression analysis, the results of the study show that the level of environmental information disclosure of listed companies on the stock market in Vietnam depends heavily on government regulations, followed by the pressure from stakeholders, community pressure, views of business managers, companies size, business sector, and particularly profitability and financial leverage factors that have a negative relationship with environmental information disclosure.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2017

The external diseconomy is hampering sustainable development of the city logistics sector. Burdens on urban environment imposed by the city logistics industry have been put in the spotlight. Based on the principle of Life Cycle Analysis, the comprehensive environment impact for city logistics systems is measured. Firstly, with the city logistics service chain as a whole, its business processes and their interactions with environment are analyzed. In total four types of major environment impact categories are determined. Secondly, case study is made on three city logistics operators located in Jing-Jin-Ji region of China with different business modes, respectively self-operation mode, joint distribution mode and the $3^{rd}$ Party Logistics or 3PL mode. Through analysis of energy consumption and emissions for various business processes, their comprehensive environmental impact values are finally obtained. Thirdly, horizontally comparative analysis is carried out to these three modes of the urban logistics distribution systems. Results show the advantages of the 3PL and the joint distribution modes in developing greener urban logistics distribution. Future research avenues and policy suggestions are proposed finally.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.105-119
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• 2014

This study presents a steel container crane movement analysis and assessment based on structural health monitoring (SHM). The accelerometers are used to monitor the dynamic crane behavior and a 3-D finite element model (FEM) was designed to express the static displacement of the crane under the different load cases. The multi-input single-output nonlinear autoregressive neural network with external input (NNARX) model is used to identify the crane dynamic displacements. The FEM analysis and the identification model are used to investigate the safety and the vibration state of the crane in both time and frequency domains. Moreover, the SHM system is used based on the FEM analysis to assess the crane behavior. The analysis results indicate that: (1) the mean relative dynamic displacement can reveal the relative static movement of structures under environmental load; (2) the environmental load conditions clearly affect the crane deformations in different load cases; (3) the crane deformations are shown within the safe limits under different loads.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.195-203
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• 2016

This paper, which was performed for an environmental analysis step in the information strategy planning, proposes the capable method of building a foundation which can improve the quality of results. An existing environment analyzing method is composed with external environment analysis, internal capacity analysis and information direction deriving activity. At the first stage of environment analysis, with current state analysis, preparation of interview with major stakeholder of project, carrying out the interview, added the activities to gain initial direction of the information. Then it applied a key-questioning of convergence scenario-based analysis for external environment analysis and internal capacity analysis. Performing the external environment analysis and internal capacity analysis with analysis model, convergence application of scenario-based analysis model was enabled to verify information direction on the initial setting. The result was applied at actual project site and was enabled to perform the project quickly, and to improve the quality of project results.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2020

This article analyzes the influence of sectoral system of innovation(i.e. technological regime, market demand, networks, and institution) on innovative performances(i.e. product-, process-, organizational-, marketing-, and environmental- innovation) in Korean environmental industry, conducting a multiple regression analysis based on survey data from 201 Korean environmental companies. As the results, product innovation is positively influenced by internal technology accumulation and market demand response, while not affected by external knowledge utilization, market competition, networks among market and non-market agents, government support and regulation. Process innovation is positively influenced by internal technology accumulation, networks among non-market agents and regulation, but not by external knowledge utilization, market demand response, market competition, networks among market agents, and government support. While organizational innovation is positively influenced by internal technology accumulation, external knowledge utilization and regulation, it is not affected by market demand response, market competition, networks among market and non-market agents, and government support. While marketing innovation is positively influenced by internal technology accumulation, networks among non-market agents, and government support, it is not affected by external knowledge utilization, market demand response, market competition, networks among market agents, and regulation. Environmental innovation is positively influenced by external knowledge utilization and regulation, but negatively influenced by market competition. It is not affected by internal technology accumulation, market demand response, networks among market and non-market agents, and government support. Such results suggests the following policy implications. First, it is necessary to expand the sphere of relating markets through the application of convergence technology, new regulations, and overseas markets. Second, reinforcing ecosystems among environmental market agents through demand-linked joint R&D should be revitalized. Third, it is needed to strengthen more supporting policies rather than regulation. This article has the limitation of using the survey data. And further researches on the environmental sectoral system of innovation structure itself will be tried.