• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.27-37
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• 2012

Many studies have focused on the importance of organizational integration when companies try to achieve growth through mergers and acquisitions (M&A). However, there has been little research that focuses on the new branding or customer base integration of the M&A process, despite the fact that this integration is very important for achieving M&A goals and business performance in industries such as retail. The purpose of this study is to provide an M&A case study of the retail industry, focused especially on the new branding and customer integration of two department stores. This study examined key integration processes in terms of brand name and membership systems of both companies by examining how the merged company achieved its new branding and the integration of its membership systems. The methodology of this research is the case study, which is used in both normative and empirical studies for distribution research in Korea. This research analyzes the case of both new branding and customer membership systems of the two companies. The new branding initiatives of this case centered on decision making including brand extension and brand naming. The customer membership integration of the two companies is analyzed on the basis of the customer reward programs that include both financial and service rewards. This study shows the success factors of new branding and customer integration in the M&A process in terms of achieving marketing goals and business performance as follows: First, companies should identify the integration areas by analyzing the brand and membership of both companies and make a balanced decision for both the customer and company. Second, the goals of new branding and membership integration in the M&A process should not emphasize business efficiency from a short-term perspective but rather should consider brand power and business synergy from a long-term perspective. Third, the post-merger integration process of the brand or customer areas requires not only the organized execution of integration tasks but also follow-up programs for changes in business strategy and marketing-related programs to realize the synergy effects of integrated organization. Although this study provides a detailed review and analysis of the new branding and customer integration processes in post-merger integration and in identifying the primary decision-making areas of these processes, there are some limitations requiring further research that may overcome or compensate for these limitations. The suggested future research areas are as follows: First, since this research is a case study of only one M&A, it makes few theoretical contributions such as new propositions or theories or possibilities for generalization. This limitation can be overcome through further research using multiple cases, which may lead to new propositions. Second, the methodology of this study lacks sufficient rigor in terms of its analytic approach because this case study was developed and analyzed descriptively. Further research is needed to compensate for these limitations, such as using a theory-based approach or comparative analysis approach that makes case analysis more systematic.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2009

Detailed information on soil characteristics is of great importance for the use and conservation of soil resources that are essential for human welfare and ecosystem sustainability. This paper introduces soil inventory of Korea focusing on national soil database establishment, information systems, use, and future direction for natural resources management. Different scales of soil maps surveyed and soil test data collected by RDA (Rural Development Administration) were computerized to construct digital soil maps and database. Soil chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils including vulnerable agricultural soils were investigated regularly at fixed sampling points. Internet-based information systems for soil and agro-environmental resources were developed based on 'National Soil Survey Projects' for managing soil resources and for providing soil information to the public, and 'Agroenvironmental Change Monitoring Project' to monitor spatial and temporal changes of agricultural environment will be opened soon. Soils data has a great potential of further application in estimation of soil carbon storage, water capacity, and soil loss. Digital mapping of soil and environment using state-of-the-art and emerging technologies with a pedometrics concept will lead to future direction.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.311-324
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• 2021

Recently, ten geosites have been considered in Hwaseong for endorsement as national geoparks, including the Jebudo, Gojeongri Dinosaur Egg Fossils, and Ueumdo geosites. The Jebudo geosite in the southern part of the Seoul metropolitan area has great potential for development as a new geoscience educational site because it has geological, geographical (landscape), and ecological significance. In this study, we described the geological characteristics through field surveys in the Jebudo geosite. We evaluated its potential as a geo-education site based on comparative analysis with other geosites in Hwaseong Geopark. In addition, we reviewed the practical effect of field education at geosites on the essential concepts and critical competence-oriented education emphasized in the current 2015 revised science curriculum. The Jebudo Geosite is geologically diverse, with various metamorphic rocks belonging to the Precambrian Seosan Group, such as quartzite, schist, and phyllite. Various geological structures, such as clastic dikes, faults, joints, foliation, and schistosity have also been recorded. Moreover, coastal geological features have been observed, including depositional landforms (gravel and sand beaches, dunes, and mudflats), sedimentary structures (ripples), erosional landforms (sea cliffs, sea caves, and sea stacks), and sea parting. The Jebudo geosite has considerable value as a new geo-education site with geological and geomorphological distinction from the Gojeongri Dinosaur Egg Fossils and Ueumdo geosites. The Jebudo geosite also has opportunities for geo-education and geo-tourism, such as mudflat experiences and infrastructures, such as coastal trails and viewing points. This geosite can help develop diverse geo-education programs that improve key competencies in the science curriculum, such as critical thinking, inquiry, and problem-solving. Furthermore, by conducting optimized geo-education focused on the characteristics of each geosite, the following can be established: (1) the expansion of learning space from school to geopark, (2) the improvement of understanding of specific content elements and linkage between essential concepts, and (3) the extension of the education scope throughout the earth system. There will be positive impacts on communication, participation, and lifelong learning skills through geopark education.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.615-622
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• 2010

A new rice cultivar, 'Joami', was developed by the rice breeding team of Sangju Substation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration. It was selected by a bulk and pedigree methods from a cross-combination among 'Sambaegbyeo', 'Yukara', and 'Tonggae112'. A promising line of YR20557-1-1-3-B-3 was designated as 'Sangju 36' in 2006. Local adaptability test of 'Sangju 36' was conducted at ten sites throughout the Korean peninsula during three years from 2006 to 2008. 'Sangju 36', thereafter, was registered as 'Joami' in 2008. The cultivar headed on July 30 in the test of local adaptability. Endosperm of 'Joami' is translucent with clear chalkiness and has 5.4% higher head rice ratio than that of 'Odaebyeo'. The yield potential of 'Joami' in milled rice is about 5.40 MT/ha under ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test, which was 6% higher than that of 'Odaebyeo'. In an alpine area of Korea, the rice variety needs a cold tolerance and a resistance to blast disease. 'Joami' showed a tolerance reaction at Chuncheon cold tolerance screening nursery and exhibited resistance reaction to blast disease in nation-wide disease screening nursery. Therefore, 'Joami' would be well adaptable to mid-mountainous area at central and southern part of Korean peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.272-275
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• 2010

'Geumyoung' is a new early maturing rice cultivar developed from the cross between Sambaegbyeo and Iksan423/Sangju22 at Sangju Substation, NICS, RDA, Korea in 2009. It needs about 116 days from seedling to harvest in mid-mountainous areas. This cultivar has about 72 cm long culm and 19 cm long panicle, which are similar to Odaebyeo. It has higher panicle number per plant, medium to small grains and sometimes has a few awned spikelets. It shows tolerance to cold and resistance to blast but is susceptible to bacterial blight, virus diseases, and insects and pests. Milled rice of 'Geumyoeng' is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has about 18.0% amylose and 6.6% protein content with good palatability of cooked rice. The milled rice yield of this cultivar was 5.53 MT/ha under standard fertilizer level of ordinary transplanting cultivation. 'Geumyong' would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting cultivation in the northern plains, and northern and southern mid-mountainous areas of South Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.46
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• pp.153-187
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• 2015

This study aims to discuss issues about non-existent information of the information disclosure system and to provide alternative strategies for the issues. For the theoretical discussion it reviews the definitions and standards of non-existent information and analyzes legal aspects and statistical changes of non-existent information. Furthemore, in order to discuss a current status and problems of non-existent information at the central administrative agencies, it analyzes the cases of the non-existent information notification. According to analysis results, non-existent information status of the surveyed institutions is a total of 4,421 cases for three years and it shows the continuous increasing trend year after year. The number of institutions that have the number of non-existent information equal to the number of nondisclosures or over it reached about 40%. It means excluding non-existent information from the reasons of nondisclosure influenced disclose rates and nondisclosure rates of many agencies. In the type analysis of the non-existent information reasons, the most main reason, the case of not producing or receiving the requested information by public institutions takes over 75% among the whole reasons. The next reason is the case of collecting or processing information takes over 7-10%. This study found the operational issues, as analyzing notifications of non-existent information. The operational issues are 1) the incomplete explanation of non-existent information, 2) the unclear scope of the collection and processing, 3) the problem of the transfer processing, and 4) the problem of recording management. Therefore, this study suggested some improvements of the perspective and the technical and procedural aspects. First, information disclosure issues including non-existent information are to be understood as an extension of records management. Second, disclosure service should improve overall based on advanced understanding. Third, the management procedures of non-existent information should be improved. Fourth, specific guidelines for handling non-existent information should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.24-51
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• 2021

Since June 2006, there have been active efforts to systematize the permission system including the amendment of [Cultural Heritage Protection Act]. Cultural Heritage Administration prepared standards on reviewing each type of cultural heritages(CH) in 2015, promoted a project on the modification of permission standards and showed remarkable performances in quantitative aspects. But as there has been little change for the cases applied for permission, additional studies on policy are required to improve the management efficiency and reduce the citizens'inconvenience. In response, this study aims to identify the actual management status on the current state alteration permission system, and establish practically utilizable reference materials at permission review. While historic sites(HS) constitute a relatively small proportion in state-designated CHs, they are subject to the designation of permission standards. Also, with their location in the downtown area, the application rate is high (51.4%) and the results are commonly utilizable to other types of CH. We constructed a DB based on the minutes of Cultural Heritage Committee(CHC) on HS and categorized similar features in permission handling results. The result of the analysis is as follows. Out of a total of 5,243 cases for permission applied for HS, 1,734 cases of cultural heritage areas(CHA) and 3,509 cases of historic and cultural environment preservation areas(HCEPA) have been applied. CHA has a great proportion of the applications for events and festivals, which are highly related to CHs or representing the local area. There is a high permission rate on applications for the purpose of public service by local governments. Meanwhile, HCEPA has a high proportion of applying for the installation and extension of buildings and facilities at the private level. Thus, negative decisions were made for tall buildings, massed facilities, or suspected scattering of similar acts. Our actual condition analysis has identified a total of 78 types of harmful acts which may influence the preservation of CHs. 31 types in CHA and 37 types in HCEPA are categorized. Especially, 10 common types of permission have been confirmed in both sectors. As a result, it is expected to secure consistency in the permission administration, enhance the management efficiency and improve the public's satisfaction over the regulatory administration by providing practically utilizable reference materials for altering the current state of CH and for decision making on the part of CHC.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 2023

This batch experiment was conducted to investigate the patterns of major plant nutrients in the leachates from the soil that was incorporated with rice hull biochar adjusted pH with dry fish powder utilizing rice hull biochar for loading the soil microorganisms. The rice hull biochar adjusted pH between 6.0 and 7.0, and the mixture ratio of rice hull biochar and dry fish powder was 4:6. The treatments consisted of three; the soil incorporated with rice hull biochar non-adjusted pH with dry fish powder as control (RB + DF), the soil incorporated with rice hull biochar adjusted pH by pyroligneous acid solution and dry fish powder (RBP+DF), and the soil incorporated with rice hull biochar adjusted pH by citric acid solution and dry fish powder (RBC+DF). NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄-P, and K concentrations in the leachates were analyzed during incubation. The accumulated NH₄-N and PO₄-P concentrations in the leachates from the RBC+DF treatment were the highest during leaching periods. The highest accumulated NO₃-N and K concentrations in the leachates from the RBP+DF treatment were observed. It observed that NH₄-N and PO₄-P were more released in the adjusted citric acid solution, but NO₃-N and K were less released than those in the pyroligneous acid solution due to their low absorption capacity. Furthermore, it is necessary to investigate crop growth responses to the soil incorporated with adjusted pH rice hull biochar and dry fish powder for loading soil microorganisms.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2023

Lime-treated fertilizer (LTF) is manufactured using the lime stabilization method with food waste. LTF is effective in neutralizing acidic soil, improving nutrient and organic matter content in soil, and increasing crop productivity. However, excessive use of LTF in agricultural land can have undesirable effects, such as reduced crop growth and nutrient accumulation in soil. This study was evaluated the effect of different application ratios of LTF on the crop yield index (%), nutrient (N, P₂O₅, K₂O) uptake index (%), and soil chemical properties. The following treatments were applied: untreated (UT), NPK (NPK), NPK+calcium hydroxide (CH), and NPK+1-, 2-, 4-, and 8-times of LTF (LTF1, 2, 4, and 8). The yield index for LTF1 was the highest among different LTF treatments. Moreover the yield index for spring and winter cabbage in LTF1 treatment was 10% and 21% higher, respectively, than that in NPK treatment. The yield and nutrient indices were decreased with the increase in LTF application ratio. The soil pH and EC tended to increase with the increase in LTF ratio, and were the highest at 8.2 and 2.1, respectively, after cultivation for LTF8 (P<0.05). With the increase in soil pH, the soil inorganic nitrogen (NH₄-N, NH₃-N) and available phosphate (Av. P₂O₅) levels were decreased (P<0.05). Our results suggest that LTF1 (643 kg 10a^-1) is an appropriate ratio for improving soil chemical properties and increasing crop yield.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2018

This research has been conducted from June 1, 2017 to August 25, 2017 for the dental hygienists working in Busan and Gyeongnam area, to provide necessary basic data for the purpose of revision of the relating laws from the analysis of their understanding and perspective on such laws through 262 subjects' questionnaire. Its analysis of their perspectives are as follows. 1. The common characteristics of the subjects are that 40.1% of them are under 25, and their working period was under three years with the 38.9%, and as for their marital status, 70.2% were single, the final education of 80.2% were associated degrees. Their working areas are centered in Gyeongsangnam-do province with 91.2%, the workplace type is for the dental clinic with 80.2%. 2. The comparison of the view point of the medical(technician) law according to the characteristics of the research subjects differed only whether or not the completion of the education, and as a result of the comparison according to the characteristics of those subjects understanding the details of the medical(technician) law, there was a significant difference saying "the current law has clear job description" depending on the working area or "the job duty is definite" depending on the job experience and job details. As for those saying "the job duty is definite", there was also significant difference depending upon marital status, final education and work details. There was no significant difference in all characteristics from findings of the necessity of legal system according to the subjects not understanding the medical(technician) law. 3. As a result of comparing the necessity of the medical(technician) law according to the characteristics of the research subjects, it was found that all the subjects accepted the necessity of the medical law revision including the dental hygienist in the medical person. The "necessity of the professional dental hygienist system" showed a significant difference depending upon the final education and medical institution type. Among the triggering factors in its amendment, there showed significant difference in the "cooperation of other organizations" and "solution of medical law problems" only in the final education. 4. As a result of comparison of the needs of the medical(technician) law revision according to the characteristics of the research subjects, it was found that the significant traits related to the age and job details showed "Legal responsibility would be increased" when the medical law is revised, in case that "it will help broaden the job extension", there showed a significant difference in career, final education, and working institution, and job details. "Legal protection is possible" showed significant difference except the age group and working area, and "it help the system settlement" showed in the final education. There was a significant difference in career, final education, and job details that "I can regulate the education and field practice", and the same in "my status will be improved" depending upon the final education, work area, and job details. Accordingly, in this research, for the establishment of more professional and comprehensive dental health service as suggested from the demand and necessity toward the medical(technician) Law by the dental hygienists.