• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.222-226
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the interdental bone level in premolar bitewing radiographs while retracting the cheeks. Methods: Seventy-two horizontal bone defects were created on dried mandibles and maxillae. The distance from the bone level to the cement-enamel junction of premolars was detected by a modified digital caliper (considered the gold standard). The reliability of all radiographs was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and the validity was compared to the gold standard using the analysis of variance test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: This study showed that the reliability of radiographs without a cheek simulator and with 0.16 second exposure time was significantly higher than that of the two other groups (ICC=0.96 compared to 0.93 and 0.88, respectively). The results from the radiographs without a cheek simulator and with 0.16 second exposure time were more similar to the gold standard measures than those of the two other groups, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Retracting the buccal soft tissue plays an important role in increasing the accuracy of radiographs in detecting the interdental alveolar bone level and produces more accurate results than increasing the exposure time, although it does not have a significant role in reliability of results.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.698-706
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• 2017

디지털 제어 시스템에서 주로 사용되는 설비인 PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)와 통신선로에 대한 HPEM(High Power Electromagnetic) 펄스의 노출 위험이 최근 증가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서로 다른 주파수 대역을 가지는 HPEM 발생장치를 이용하여 분리된 독립 객체로써 전자 장치의 HPEM에 대한 취약성을 평가하였다. 전자장치가 어떠한 영향을 받는지 상황별로 나누어 비교하였고, HPEM에 노출된 피 시험 기기의 취약성을 분석하였다. 피 시험 기기는 특정 이상의 HPEM에 노출되면, 제어 장치의 전압 및 통신 파형에 왜곡된 특성을 보였으며, UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair) 케이블에 연결된 장치는 유도전압에 의해 작동 불량을 나타났다. 그러나 FTP(Foiled Twisted Pair) 케이블에 연결된 장치인 경우에는 HPEM 노출로부터 효율적으로 보호되었다. 따라서 현재 전력설비 및 산업현장에서 이용되고 있는 디지털 제어시스템에 대한 HPEM 노출 취약성과 보호대책의 필요성을 입증하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.92-100
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• 2012

Objectives: The French National Occupational Diseases Surveillance and Prevention Network (RNV3P) is a French network of occupational disease specialists, which collects, in standardised coded reports, all cases where a physician of any specialty, referred a patient to a university occupational disease centre, to establish the relation between the disease observed and occupational exposures, independently of statutory considerations related to compensation. The objective is to compare the relevance of disproportionality measures, widely used in pharmacovigilance, for the detection of potentially new disease ${\times}$ exposure associations in RNV3P database (by analogy with the detection of potentially new health event ${\times}$ drug associations in the spontaneous reporting databases from pharmacovigilance). Methods: 2001-2009 data from RNV3P are used (81,132 observations leading to 11,627 disease ${\times}$ exposure associations). The structure of RNV3P database is compared with the ones of pharmacovigilance databases. Seven disproportionality metrics are tested and their results, notably in terms of ranking the disease ${\times}$ exposure associations, are compared. Results: RNV3P and pharmacovigilance databases showed similar structure. Frequentist methods (proportional reporting ratio [PRR], reporting odds ratio [ROR]) and a Bayesian one (known as BCPNN for "Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network") show a rather similar behaviour on our data, conversely to other methods (as Poisson). Finally the PRR method was chosen, because more complex methods did not show a greater value with the RNV3P data. Accordingly, a procedure for detecting signals with PRR method, automatic triage for exclusion of associations already known, and then investigating these signals is suggested. Conclusion: This procedure may be seen as a first step of hypothesis generation before launching epidemiological and/or experimental studies.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2014

본 연구는 청소년을 대상으로 음란물 접촉실태와 정도에 따른 성의식과 이성교제태도와의 관계를 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. M시에 거주하는 남녀 중학생 410명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지로 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과, 대상자의 57.1%에서 인터넷 음란물을 접촉하였고, 처음 접촉한 시기는 초등학교 4-6학년(48.7%)이었다. 학년이 올라갈수록 인터넷에 많이 노출할수록 음란물 접촉율이 높았으며, 성인식은 음란물 접촉경험이 없는 청소년이 더 긍정적이었으며, 음란물 접촉경험이 있는 경우가 성충동도 더 개방적이었으며, 이성교제 태도도 더 개방적이었다. 이상과 같은 결과를 토대로 고위험군의 음란물 중독 청소년은 정신건강학교나 전문가의 도움을 받아 극복할 수 있도록 정신건강 서비스를 제공하여 문제행동의 예방이 필요하다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 침지내 환경을 재현한 철근부식촉진시험과 장기폭로시험을 실시하였다. 환경조건을 변수로 시험을 실시하였으며, 반전지전위법을 통한 철근부식 모니터링을 실시하였다. 부식촉진 시험결과 시험조건 별 상관계수 도출을 할 수 있었다. 촉진시험은 온도조건에 따라 인공해수의 온도가 $20^{\circ}C$인 case 1과 $65^{\circ}C$인 case 2로 구분하여 실시하였다. 고온 조건인 case 2가 1.7~1.8배 정도 상온조건인 case 1에 비해 부식을 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 해양환경시험장에서의 장기폭로시험결과와의 비교를 통해 case 1의 경우 2.45~2.94의 상관계수를 case 2의 경우 4.37~4.99의 상관계수를 나타내었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2019

소득수준이 향상됨에 따라 소비자의 예술에 대한 관심이 커지고 있으며, 이러한 추세를 반영하듯 아트마케팅이 대중화되고 있다. 본 연구는 예술작품을 활용한 광고 형식을 유형화 한 후 명화의 시장 노출 빈도에 따른 소비자들의 광고 효과(광고태도/회상/진단성)를 실험연구를 통해 살펴보았다. 본 연구결과, 첫째, 명화 활용 방식에 따른 회상은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 발생하지 않았다. 그러나 재해석된 명화에 대한 진단성은 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 시장노출빈도가 적은 명화광고가 상대적으로 더 많이 회상된 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 시장 노출빈도가 높은 명화를 재해석한 광고가 가장 회상이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 고관여 제품에 한정하였으나 향후 저관여 제품에 대한 연구도 진행해 볼 필요가 있다. 본 결과는 효과적인 명화차용 광고를 제작하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.237-254
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aims to classify the latent profiles in the exposure to hazard factors of salaried employees and test the determinants. Methods: Latent profile analysis(LPA) was conducted using data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS). 30,050 of salaried employees were the subjects of this study. After classifying the employees, multinomial logistic regression was used to test the determinants. Results: Salaried employees were classified with three latent profiles based on the exposure to the hazard factors. Employees included in class 1(32.8%) tend to experience low level of physical hazard factors, moderate level of psychological hazard factors, and high level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 2(61.8%) tend to be exposed to the moderate to high level of physical hazard factors, moderate to low level of psychological hazard factors, and low level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 3(5.4%) tend to experience high level of psychological and physical hazard factors, and moderate level of office work hazard factors. After classification, the demographic, health-, and employment-related variables were tested. Conclusions: This study clarified the features of each class, and proved that employees in class 3 are quite hazardous in that they are exposed to physical and psychological hazard factors much more frequently than other employees. Thus, this study can be used in predicting the high-risk employees and taking preemptive measures for preventing industrial accidents.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

Purpose: Exposure to blood and body fluids represents a significant occupational risk for nurses. This study was done to identify the level of knowledge of and compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention of hospital nurses according to clinical experience, and to identify factors affecting compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted in which self-reported knowledge of and compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention was assessed. The relationships between variables were examined. Registered nurses who were employed (n=345) were surveyed. Data were analyzed using, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results: Nurses with more than 5 years experience had greater knowledge of blood-borne pathogen prevention than nurses with less than 5 years experience. However, there was no significant difference in compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention between the two groups. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention according to experience standards. In nurses with less than 5 years experience, gender, age, reported exposure to a blood-borne pathogen, and compliance with principles of prevention had a significant impact on compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention. For nurses with more than 5 years experience, reporting after exposure to blood-borne pathogen was a contributing factor to compliance with blood-borne pathogen prevention. Conclusion: The study results show that to improve the implementation of preventive measures against blood-borne pathogens different strategies are needed, depending on clinical experience of the nurses.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2023

The human reproductive system can be affected by occupational exposure to many physical and chemical risk factors. This study was carried out to review the studies conducted on the issue of the pathophysiological effects of occupational physical and chemical risk factors on the reproductive system of females and males. In this systematic review, the databases such as "Google Scholar," "Pub-Med," "Scopus," and "Web of Science" were used. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020), the studies included in our study were published between 2000 and 2021. In order to extract the required data, all sections of the articles were reviewed. Out of 57 articles we reviewed, 34 articles were related to field studies and 23 articles to clinical studies. Among them, 43 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of chemical agents, six studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physical factors, and 8 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physicochemical factors on the human reproductive system. Physical (noise, heat, and radiofrequency radiation) and chemical (such as carbamate and organophosphate pesticides, benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, NO2, CS2, manganese, lead, nickel, and n-hexane) risk factors had pathophysiological effects on the human reproductive system. The presence of these risk factors in the workplace caused damage to the human reproductive system. The rate of these negative pathophysiological effects can be reduced by performing appropriate managerial, technical, and engineering measures in work environments.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2023

Objectives: Objectives of this study were: 1) to introduce industrial situation and health hazards of synthetic fiber, 2) to review a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a worker exposed to synthetic fiber reported to the Korea Occupational Disease Surveillance Center, and 3) to suggest supplementary measures for the occupational health system for workers exposed to synthetic fibers. Methods: Respiratory exposure, health hazards, and exposure standards for synthetic fiber dust in Korea and other countries were reviewed. In addition, a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to exposure to nylon dust reported to the Korea Occupational Disease Surveillance Center was reviewed and summarized. Results: The worker was a 53-year-old non-smoking male who had been involved in the nylon weaving process for 26 years. He had shortness of breath from three years ago. He was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PM1.0, PM_2.5, and PM10 were measured at 26.6 ㎍/m³, 48.2 ㎍/m³, and 91.7 ㎍/m³, respectively. Fiber components estimated as nylon fiber were detected in the microscopic examination of a solid sample. Conclusions: For workers exposed to synthetic fiber dust, special health examinations of the respiratory system, regular work environment measurement, and work environment management through workplace health management should be performed. It is necessary to research on health effects of synthetic fibers.