• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2013

Fuzzy linear regression method has been used for short-term load forecasting of the special day in the previous researches. However, considerable load forecasting errors would be occurring if a special day is located on Saturday or Monday. In this paper, a new load forecasting method for the consecutive holidays is proposed with the consideration of the power demand variation rate. In the proposed method, a exponential smoothing model reflecting temperature is used to short-term load forecasting for Sunday during the consecutive holidays and then the loads of the special day during the consecutive holidays is calculated using the hourly power demand variation rate between the previous similar consecutive holidays. The proposed method is tested with 10 cases of the consecutive holidays from 2009 to 2012. Test results show that the average accuracy of the proposed method is improved about 2.96% by comparison with the fuzzy linear regression method.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권4호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2013

산림입지도의 지위지수 정보는 조사지점에만 존재하므로 미조사 지역에 대한 지위지수는 별도의 추정이 필요하다. 미조사 지역의 지위지수 추정을 위해 본 연구에서는 점자료로부터 연속표면을 생성하는 공간 내삽법인 크리깅 기법을 적용하였다. Chapman-Richards 생장모델을 이용하여 표준지별 지위지수 추정치를 구한 뒤 가우시안, 구형 및 지수형 베리오그램 모델별로 정규크리깅을 이용하여 단양 전역의 소나무림 지위지수를 격자단위($30m{\times}30m$)로 추정하였다. 교차검증을 위해 평균오차(ME), 평균표준오차(ASE) 및 평균제곱근오차(RMSE)를 계산하였다. 베리오그램 모델 적합 결과, 상대 너깃이 가장 큰 가우시안 모델(37.40%)이 제외되었으며 구형 모델(16.80%)과 지수형 베리오그램 모델(8.77%)이 선택되었다. 크리깅에 의한 지위지수 추정치는 지수형 모델을 적용한 경우 4.39~19.53, 구형모델을 적용한 경우 4.54~19.23의 분포를 보였다. 교차 검증 결과, RMSE는 두 모델에서 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 구형모델의 ME와 ASE가 지수형 모델보다 작기 때문에 구형 베리오그램 모델 기반 지위지수 지도를 최종적으로 선정하였다. 지위지수 지도로부터 산출된 단양지역 소나무림 평균 지위지수는 10.78로 추정되었다. 공간이질성이 큰 우리나라 산림의 바이오매스 추정 시 지위지수 지도를 통해 지역적 변이를 고려할 수 있으며 궁극적으로는 탄소저장량 분포 추정의 정확도 제고에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.531-546
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• 2011

The backward differentiation formula (BDF) method is applied to a three-dimensional reactor kinetics calculation for efficient yet accurate transient analysis with adaptive time step control. The coarse mesh finite difference (CMFD) formulation is used for an efficient implementation of the BDF method that does not require excessive memory to store old information from previous time steps. An iterative scheme to update the nodal coupling coefficients through higher order local nodal solutions is established in order to make it possible to store only node average fluxes of the previous five time points. An adaptive time step control method is derived using two order solutions, the fifth and the fourth order BDF solutions, which provide an estimate of the solution error at the current time point. The performance of the BDF- and CMFD-based spatial kinetics calculation and the adaptive time step control scheme is examined with the NEACRP control rod ejection and rod withdrawal benchmark problems. The accuracy is first assessed by comparing the BDF-based results with those of the Crank-Nicholson method with an exponential transform. The effectiveness of the adaptive time step control is then assessed in terms of the possible computing time reduction in producing sufficiently accurate solutions that meet the desired solution fidelity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.2646-2651
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• 2021

A rectangular-shaped PET system with an adjustable gantry (AGPET) has been developed for imaging small animals. The AGPET system employs a new depth of interaction (DOI) method using a depth dependent reflector patterns and a new digital time pickoff method based on the pulse reconstruction method. To evaluate the performance of the AGPET, timing resolution, intrinsic spatial resolution and point source images were acquired. The timing resolution and intrinsic spatial resolution were measured using two detector modules and Na-22 gamma source. The PET images were acquired in two field of view (FOV) sizes, 30 mm and 90 mm, to demonstrate the characteristic of the AGPET. As a result of in the experiment results, the timing resolution was 0.9 ns using the pulse reconstruction method based on the bi-exponential model. The intrinsic spatial resolution was an average of 1.7 mm and the spatial resolution of PET images after DOI correction was 2.08 mm and 2.25 mm at the centers of 30 mm and 90 mm FOV, respectively. The results show that the proposed AGPET system provided higher sensitivity and resolution for small animal imaging.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.217-218
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• 2002

An integrated adhesive wear model was proposed to determine the transient wear and steady-state wear of aluminium alloy matrix composites. The transient wear volume was described by an exponential equation, while the steady-state wear was governed by a revised Archard equation, in which both the transient wear volume and transient sliding distance were excluded. A mathematical method was developed to determine both the transient distance and the net steady-state wear coefficient. Experimental wear tests were carried out on three types of commercial A6061 aluminum alloy matrix composites reinforced with 10%, 15% and 20% alumina particles. More accurate wear coefficient values were obtained with the proposed model. The average standard wear coefficient, as determined by the original Archard equation, was found to be about 51% higher.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2016

Microwave and millimeter waves are considered suitable frequency ranges for diverse applications. The prediction of rain attenuation required the 1-min rainfall rate distribution, particularly for data obtained locally from experimental measurement campaigns over a given location. Rainfall rate data acquired from Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) for nine major sites are analyzed to investigate the statistical stability of the cumulative distribution of rainfall rate, as obtained from a 10-year measurement. In this study, we use the following rain rate conversion techniques: Segal, Burgueno et al., Chebil and Rahman, exponential, and proposed global coefficient methods. The performance of the proposed technique is tested against that of the existing rain rate conversion techniques. The nine sites considered for the average 1-min rain rate derivation are Gwangju, Daegu, Daejeon, Busan, Seogwipo, Seoul, Ulsan, Incheon, and Chuncheon. In this paper, we propose a conversion technique for a suitable estimation of the 1-min rainfall rate distribution.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 1994

Particle contamination into and out of a cavity-cylindrical cavities with aspect ratios(width/depth) less than, equal to 1 and langer than 1, and also three dianensional T's attached to a cylindrical flow tube was studied numerically, using a finite difference method. In the process of unsteady particle diffusion, the particles contained in a concentration boundary layer near the tube wall plays an important role in the initial stage, after which a quasi-steady concentration profile is developed inside the cavity, resulting in an exponential change of concentration with time. Average concentration and its rate of change are observed to be closely correlated by a power law function in terms of Reynolds number and the logarithm of Schmidt number. Effects of the three parameters-Re, Sc, and aspect ratio-are analysed and well explained.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.4950-4966
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• 2015

Cloud providers now face the problem of estimating the amount of computing resources required to satisfy a future workload. In this paper, a virtual machine provisioning (VMP) mechanism is designed to adapt workload fluctuation. The arrival rate of forthcoming jobs is predicted for acquiring the proper service rate by adopting an exponential smoothing (ES) method. The proper service rate is estimated to guarantee the service level agreement (SLA) constraints by using a diffusion approximation statistical model. The VMP problem is formulated as a facility location problem. Furthermore, it is characterized as the maximization of submodular function subject to the matroid constraints. A greedy-based VMP algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal virtual machine provision pattern. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed mechanism could increase the average profit efficiently without incurring significant quality of service (QoS) violations.

• 산업공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.210-221
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• 1999

Several researchers have previously studied the problem of allocating buffer storage to maximize the throughput rate and/or minimize the mean buffer average of a transfer line for a given total amount of buffer space. But there seems to be very little difference in performance between intuitively reasonable and optimal allocations. This paper proposes and illustrates a methodology, based on the robust design concept of Taguchi, to allocate buffer storage of long transfer lines with a given total amount of buffer capacity when up and down times follow exponential distributions, respectively. We show how this procedure using simple heuristic rule can be used for design of long transfer lines.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 실시간 적외선 감시시스템을 위하여 표적 영상의 평균 밝기, 면적, 종횡비로 구성된 영상특징들을 이용한 새로운 추적 방법을 제시한다. 지상 표적의 영상특징들의 시간적 변화는 수학적으로 지수함수적 상관함수를 갖는 랜덤프로세서로 모델링할 수 있다. 기존의 추적 필터에서 사용되어져 온 표적의 운동을 표현하는 표적의 위치, 속도성분뿐만 아니라, 표적의 기하학적 영상특징들을 모두 포함하는 상태벡터의 이산시간 동역학방정식 및 측정방정식을 유도했다. 시뮬레이션 결과 기존의 표적 위치 및 속도정보만 이용한 경우보다 제안된 추적방법이 추적정확도가 월등히 높음을 알 수 있었다.