• 유통과학연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2011

There is a growing concerns for startups and management issues in the small business sector. In the Korean unique condition, female-owned small business seemed to play a crucial role in stimulating domestic demands and replacements for workforce reductions in the time of reduced birth rates and export-driven economy. Despite importance of female-owned small businesses, domestic statistics about female small businesses are not well recognized and defined. To design the current entrepreneurship training programs for female entrepreneurs more female-friendly, we need to improve overall environments surrounding training systems. We can classify the environmental improvement for women-friendly entrepreneurship training into three types as follows: First, it is needed to conduct regular surveys on difficulties female entrepreneurs may have. To develop a program for women-friendly entrepreneurship training, extensive and thorough survey is required for entrepreneurship training goals. To design women-friendly entrepreneurship training for women entrepreneurs henceforth, preliminary surveys should be carried out to detect problems within the course of the program and women's expectation regarding entrepreneurship training. Second environmental improvement is to overcome the lack of information on entrepreneurship training for women. Difficulties that women entrepreneurs experience are different from their counterparts, male. Last is about overcoming the lack of follow-up management after opening a business. To surmount the issue, we need to organize a management improvement consulting systems focused on female entrepreneurs. Establishing networks connecting female businesses should be the most urgent measure. With this regard, if follow-up services for female entrepreneurs are provided for at least three years from the time a business is opened, it may produce even more desirable results.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 설계자 전용 알루미늄 압출재 철도차량 차체 구조물의 자동화 구조해석 지원프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 개발된 프로그램 명칭은 "AUTO-RAP"이며, 알루미늄 압출재 철도차량 설계 및 구조해석에 대해 전문적인 지식과 경험이 없는 엔지니어도 설계와 검증이 동시에 가능하도록 하였다. 설계자는 기존의 알루미늄 압출재의 데이터베이스를 활용하거나 사용자 정의에 의한 지식기반설계가 가능하도록 하였으며, 설계검증은 철도안전법과 도시철도차량 안전기준에 관한 규칙에 의거하여 철도차량 차체 구조 안전성을 자동으로 평가하도록 프로그래밍 하였다. 또한, 본 프로그램은 MFC(Microsoft Foundation Classes)를 사용하여 GUI 환경을 구축하였으며, ANSYS와 ABAQUS 같은 다양한 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램 및 CAD 프로그램과의 호환성을 위해 .stp, .iges 등의 파일 생성을 지원한다. 결론적으로, 본 프로그램을 통하여 알루미늄 압출재 철도차량 차체 구조물의 제품 설계 비용과 시간 단축에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.593-604
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• 2019

본 연구는 북한이탈주민을 대상으로 남한사회 적응 경험을 포괄적이고 심층적으로 파악하기 위하여 시도된 현상학적 연구이다. 자료수집은 2016년 7월부터 2017년 6월까지로 하였고, 북한이탈주민 10명을 대상으로 그들의 남한사회 삶의 적응 경험을 인터뷰를 통해 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 Colaizzi 방법으로 분석하였다. 연구 참여자는 총 10명으로 남성 5명, 여성 5명이었고, 나이는 40대가 5명, 50대가 5명으로 나타났다. 결혼상태는 미혼이 4명, 기혼 6명으로 나타났다. 연구 참여자로 부터 얻은 원자료에서 남한사회 삶의 적응 경험을 분석한 결과 180개의 본질적인 의미단위를 추출하였고, 본질적인 의미단위에서 19개의 주제와 6개의 주제모음, 4개의 범주로 구조화할 수 있었다. 4개의 범주는 '다른 세상 마주하기', '이방인으로 살기', '적응하기', '자아실현하기'였다. 6개의 주제모음은 '새로운 세상을 만남', '심리적인 고통', '현실의 벽', '남한사회에 표류', '남한 사람이 되어감', '주체적인 삶'으로 도출되었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 북한이탈주민의 남한사회 적응 경험에 대한 반복연구와 남한사회에서 적응을 도울 수 있는 중재 프로그램 개발과 그 효과를 확인하는 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.263-288
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• 2002

'Science Garden' is a science program that develops acquirements of science & technology at an early stage through experiential study and inspire the spirit of scientific inquiry by carrying out laboratory work, science movie, science lecture, scientific work, outdoor activities, computer classes and science experiment which is hard to do through the regular educational course. It is targeted grade 4,5,6 students during summer and winter vacation. 'Science Garden' is conducted by selective participation freely. It is a wholelistic activity that develops children's potential talents or creativities, improves interest and attitude toward science, and also gives opportunity for self-realization by extending capacity for inquiry to show each student's ability. This study is observed and is compared how it is conducted in elementary school using qualitative study. This study is used narrative observation, in-depth interview and document analysis. Objects of narrative observation are two elementary schools, each from Jellabukdo and Gyeonggido, and 7 teachers were interviewed in-depthly. Here are results of the study. 1 A teacher in school G never takes part in student activities, tends to be indifferent to classes, but focuses on observation and experiment in laboratory. And feedback or evaluation about student's activity is never done. On the other hand, a teacher in school S guides students to understand the principals of science on themselves, and wide variety forms of activities such as role playing, discussion, and games are being done. But an effort to evaluate student's activity is not being made properly. 2. Teachers set a high valuation on the need of 'Science Garden'. Observing the way of conducting 'Science Garden', usually teachers who is in charge of science for official work is selected as a teacher in charge, and groan under a heavy burden of conducting it without anyone's help. Participating students are selected by volunteering or teacher's recommendation, but because of low Participation rate, teachers have difficulty in conducting it. Plan for conducting ‘science Garden’ is made 20 days before it, after getting an official document from Office of Education, refering to booklets produced by National Jungang Science Institute, or data from Office of Education, and internet. Teachers evaluate rarely Most school principals have interest in 'Science Garden' but parents are not well aware of it, The budget is made at the same time with the plan, and scale is varied between 200,000∼500,000 won. Because of the improper way of selecting teacher in charge, difficulty in selecting students, heavy works caused by planning, conducting the program, as well as reporting teacher's work, and lack of parents' awareness, 'Science Garden' has been conducted formally and superficially. Next gives you direction to change, for the right way of conducting' Science Garden'. It is important to motivate competent teachers to instruct students actively. For students' active participation, They should publicize thoroughly beforehand, and develope 'Science Garden' program for teachers to be able to make better use of it. Evaluation of student activities and program should be done in the aspect of developing students’ faculties. Beside of school facilities, they need to put diverse local facilities and places to practical use for immediate natural experience. And not only separate schools but also associated form of schools to conduct it is necessary.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 1999

The need for and components of a contemporary community pharmacy externship for pharmacy students have not been clearly identified in Korea. Mail survey was performed among 20 college of pharmacy deans and 800 community pharmacists to analyze the current status and develop a consensus regarding major focus area and criteria of community pharmacy externship to be implemented under the separation of dispensary from medical practice in year 2000. Mail survey yielded $80\%\;and\;23.5\%$ response rate for pharmacy school deans and community pharmacists, respectively. Of the 16 pharmacy schools that responded 14 said they have externship program in hospital pharmacy, and only 8 pharmacy schools responded of having externship program for community pharmacy. However, these community pharmacy programs lacked criteria and standard guideline for the externship. The results of survey revealed that community pharmacy externship program for students should be organized and directed toward developing expert knowledge and skills in pharmacy practice activities, clinical services, communications, pharmacy management, and professionalism. Pharmacy practice components should include competencies and skills in computer application, prescription processing, dispensing, pharmaceutical compounding, Narcotics Control Law application, maintenance and provision of drug information, and laws and regulations. Clinical service components should include the ability to identify patient's drug-related problems, provide long-term patient care and appreciate drug therapy services. Communication skills should be taught to effectively express his/her professional opinion, deduce the needs of others, utilize appropriate techniques and media to communicate ideas and conduct a patient interview and to obtain patient drug history. Pharmacy management skills should be taught to be efficient in medical insurance and drug control process. It was found that professionalism, morality, pharmacy practice experience, ability to provide clinical services, collect and provide drug information and regality are important criteria of preceptors. Externship sites should possess the ability to stock various drugs, access and provide diverse pharmacy services and should have private patient counseling area. Most pharmacists agreed that top 200 drugs' generic and brand name, indications, dosage, side effects, and contraindication should be instructed during the externship. It was also found that student and preceptor should be evaluated for their performances during the externship. This information will be incorporated into teaming objectives for students and to develop Academic Extemship Program Guidelines.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.375-392
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• 2010

Objectives : Dental hygienist's work satisfaction and stress affect the overall quality of work life(QWL). Therefore, this research is intended to suggest fundamental data to improve QWL by finding out characteristics of each work satisfaction and stress element. To this end, a total of 327 dental hygienists working at general hospitals, university hospitals, dental hospitals and dental clinics across Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon were surveyed. Results of survey are as follows. Methods : The collected data were analyzed by using an SPSS 12.0 statistical program, obtaining the following results. The collected data conducted a questionnaire survey for 327 dental hygienists who work at the hospitals, university hospitals, dental hospitals, and dental clinics located at Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon district from January until March, 2009, and drew the conclusions as follows. Result : 1. Demographic characteristics, income from 1.5 to 1.99 million were the whole lot, more than 2 million to less than 1.5 million was similar. Marital status Married Unmarried higher than the atheist religion, Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and other, respectively. Classification by level of education in the college graduate, university graduate, graduate diploma, respectively. 2. Are working in a job-related characteristics of dentistry, dental hospital, general and university hospital, respectively. The making in position, Mount, contractor, responsible, senior, was an intern in the order. The five-day workweek whether working at night and is not going to care whether the conduct was similar. Classification of working hours and 8 hours, 8 hours, 8 hours or less orderly, and total of less than 1-3 years of clinical experience, 5 years, less than one year, less than 3-5 years, respectively. 3. There comes out a significant difference according to age, income, position, gross clinical experience, and whether to put night shift into practice in job stability in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p<.05). 4. There comes out a significant difference according to marital status, one's place of work, position, whether to put a five-day workweek into practice in work environment and benefits package in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics (p<.05). 5. There comes out a significant difference according to age, marital status, income, position, and gross clinical experience in education & training and benefits packages in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p<.05). 6. There comes out a significant difference according to whether to put night medical treatment into practice in social usefulness in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p<.05). 7. There comes out a significant difference according to marital status, income, one's place of work, gross clinical experience, work hours, and whether to put a five-day workweek into practice in leisure activity in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p<.05). 8. There comes out a significant difference according to income, one's place of work, and position in wage level in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p<.05). 9. There was no significant difference in all items related to human relations and free communication in terms of the quality subsequent to general characteristics(p>.05). Conclusions : It is necessary to analyze factors related to work satisfaction and stress in order to improve dental hygienist's quality of work life. Hospitals must support them systematically and institutionally and related organizations must conduct practical research.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

Purpose: This research targeted the high school students to analysis the behavior leading to oral health following the level of knowledge of and attitude towards oral health. Going steps further, this research examines the effect of the education on the oral cavity's health on the behavior leading to oral health to provide the need to conduct education on the oral cavity's health. Methods: High school students in the 1st to the 3rd grades in two high schools in Gyeongsangnamdo were targeted to conduct survey on 444 students. Collected data was subjected to the SPSS statistical program to obtain the frequency, percentage and average. Moreover, standard deviation, t-verification, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and logistics regression analysis were conducted. Results: First, average of the high school students' knowledge of and attitude towards oral cavity's health was higher when the education on the oral cavity's health was received compared to when education on the oral cavity's health was not received. Second, knowledge of and attitude towards oral cavity's health were high when there was the willingness to participate in the education on the oral health. In case education on the oral cavity's health was received, average of the knowledge of oral cavity's health was high, which manifested statistically significant difference. Average of the knowledge of oral cavity's health was high as well in case there is a perception that the need for the education on oral cavity exists. Third, the probability of having had their teeth scaled was higher when the total score for the knowledge of oral cavity's health was higher. The probability of having had their teeth scaled was higher when the score on the attitude for preventing periodontal disease was higher. Conculsion: These results demonstrate that the existence of high school students' education on the oral cavity's health, and knowledge of and attitude towards oral cavity's health exert significant influence on the behavior leading to oral cavity's health.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.183-197
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• 2018

This study examined outdoor sports wear purchase behaviors among middle-aged male consumers based on outdoor sports wear shopping orientation. Data research was conducted on 300 internet users in their 40s and 50s located all parts of the country. The SPSS 24.0 software program was used to conduct data analyses such as descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, $x^2-test$, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan test as a post-hoc analysis. The results of this study were as follows: Firstly, outdoor sports wear shopping orientation was identified with fivefactors : the tendencies of wanting to show off a brand name, conservative purchasing, economical purchasing setting a high value on a salesperson, and impulse purchasing. Secondly, the middle-aged male consumers were classified in to three groups by the cluster analysis: a rational group, an indifferent shopping group, and pursuit brand shopping group. Thirdly, the evaluation criteria of products were significantly different depending on outdoor sports wear shopping orientation subdivision in all factors. Fourthly, in the case of fashion information sources regarding outdoor sportswear, significant differences were found according to shopping orientation subdivision in mass media/store source, personal source/ prior shopping experience. Fifthly, all types of stores were significantly different depending on shopping orientation subdivision except for large discount stores.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2016

최근 청년실업과 베이비붐세대의 은퇴가 소상공인 창업시장의 양적 성장을 촉진시키고 있다. 정부의 지원정책 확대와 다양화도 양적 성장과 무관하지 않을 것이다. 본 연구는 지원정책의 실효성을 조사하기 위하여 소상공인진흥공단의 지원제도에 대한 경남지역 이용자의 만족도를 설문조사를 이용하여 분석한다. 연구를 위하여 소상공인시장진흥공단이 지원하는 제도 중 자금지원, 교육지원, 컨설팅지원에 대한 만족도를 분석한다. 또한, 지원제도별 소상공인의 인구통계학적 측면과 이용 빈도, 창업동기, 창업형태, 업종 경력, 종업원 수를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 자금지원, 교육지원, 컨설팅지원에서는 성별과 연령에 따른 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 학력에 따라서는 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 소상공인의 창업동기에 따라 교육지원와 컨설팅지원의 만족도가 유의적으로 차이가 나타났다. 창업형태, 업종경력에 따라서는 세 가지 소상공인지원제도에 따라서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 창업업종은 컨설팅지원에서, 종업원 수는 자금지원에서 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이가 나타났다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.479-492
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• 2009

This study was conducted to find out the relationship between dental anxiety and self-efficacy, physical and psychological condition and expected self-efficacy. The objective of this study was also to provide foundation for appropriate dental hygiene intervention model for scaling. In this study, anxiety reactions were measured among 178 patients, who made appointment with dental hygienists for scaling between May and July, 2009. The analysis was done in SPSS 12.0 statistical program which confirmed Cranach's alpha value. Technical statistics, t-test and One-way ANOVA, correlation and regression were also used. The result of the study is following: While dental hygienist conducts scaling, the dental anxiety was each measured in following categories: Thus male, age between 40 and 50, single, high school graduated and unemployed were measured highest dental anxiety among various groups. Dental Fear Scale demonstrated the validity of relationship between dental anxiety and self efficacy. The correlation was equated as r=-.409(p<0.01). In the other words, the higher self efficacy, the lower dental anxiety. The relationship between dental anxiety and physical and physiological condition was relevant. Physical condition was r=-.229(p<0.01) And then, the psychological condition was r=-.299(p<0.01). Thus, better physical and physiological condition results in less dental anxiety. The relationship between expected Self-efficacy and dental anxiety is also valid. The dental anxiety after performance accomplishment is r=-.239(p<0.01), after vicarious experience is r=-.195(p<0.01), after verbal persuasion is r=-.152(p<0.05), after recognition of physiological state is r=-.410(p<0.01). In conclusion, sex, age, marital status, education level, employment, physical condition, physiological condition are all relevant to dental anxiety(F=8.834). Both independent and dependent variables p<.05 have 37.5% persuasiveness.