• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 2004

A green market refers to a market that consists of environmentally aware consumers. A few researches have been carried out on the effects of environmental policy measures in a green market. These existing researches were based on a vertical differentiation model with firms' price-setting behavior, and derived that unit emission standard and environmental product taxes could not reduce the amount of pollution emission. This note considers a vertical differentiation model with firms' quantity-setting behavior, and shows that, contrary to the previous result, the amount of pollution emission is reduced by the introduction of unit emission standard. This implies the importance of the nature of firms' interaction in figuring out the pollution abatement effect of environmental policy measures in a green market.

• Water for future
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.86-100
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• 1976

To study influences on the downstream, and the Gunsan harbor by setting up estuary of the Gumgang, available data which were collected from the measuring stations which were established within the river basin of which results attained are as follows: 1. The discharge can be calculated as the relationship between the discharge and precipitation in the basin is $R=4{\times}10^{-4}p^2$ or R=P-600 2. The discharge flow in to small resevoirs in the basin can be estimated as $QR=QS\frac{PR-600}{PS-600}(\frac{AR}{AS})$ 3. This daily average discharge at Kongju is 31% less than the during maximum probable discharge and that in Okcheon is 48% less than the daily maximum probable flood. 4. The maximum probable flood from the small stream in the basin can be estimated by a $Q=82.45A^{0{\cdot}464}$ 5. Sediments can be computed with Qs (suspended load)=1.41 $Q^{1{\cdot}42}$ and Qb (bed load)=165.2 $Q^{0{\cdot}705}$. 6. By setting up the specific estuary the tidal movement will be reduced to 93.6% on the average and the sedimentation is reduced to 96.0%. Upon review of overall analysis, the dead wate level of estuary of Gumgang will completely sedimented in next 30 years, therefore, the dredging work at Gunsan harbor is reduced to 73.6%, it is considered that life length will be extended about 52years taking account the existing condition.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.4050-4067
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• 2014

In wireless sensor networks, link scheduling is a fundamental problem related to throughput capacity and delay. For a given set of communication requests $L=\{l_1,l_2,{\cdots},l_n\}$, the MLS (maximum link scheduling) problem aims to find the largest possible subset S of Lsuch that the links in S can be scheduled simultaneously. Most of the existing results did not consider bidirectional transmission setting, which is more realistic in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, under physical interference model SINR (signal-to-noise-plus-interference-ratio) and bidirectional transmission model, we propose a constant factor approximation algorithm MLSA (Maximum Link Scheduling Algorithm) for MLS. It is proved that in the same topology setting the capacity under unidirectional transmission model is lager than that under bidirectional transmission model. However, compared with some work under unidirectional transmission model, the capacity of MLSA is improved about 28% to 45%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12B
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• pp.1091-1099
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• 2003

Korea National Intelligence Service has been issued on K4 Firewall Certificates, and these K4 Firewalls has b een installing all Korean public organizer. I would evaluate the performance tests between the before setting and the after setting of Packet Filtering, NAT, Proxy, and Authentication services on functions of Solaris K4 Firewall System. Also I had been created by performance test between existing 32 bit and latest 64 bit K4 Firewall System on Solaris Operating System, So that the result of improved more two times passed rate on 64bit than 32bit on Solaris K4 Firewall System, At finally, I would conclude that the change direction will be useful for research and development on K4 Firewall System and Korean Firewall System which is a very competitive system in the world.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2019

Response surface methodology (RSM) is a group of statistical modeling and optimization methods to improve the quality of design systematically in the quality engineering field. Its final goal is to identify the optimal setting of input variables optimizing a response. RSM is a kind of knowledge management tool since it studies a manufacturing or service process and extracts an important knowledge about it. In a real problem of RSM, it is a quite frequent situation that considers multiple responses simultaneously. To date, many approaches are proposed for solving (i.e., optimizing) a multi-response problem: process capability function approach, desirability function approach, loss function approach, and so on. The process capability function approach first estimates the mean and standard deviation models of each response. Then, it derives an individual process capability function for each response. The overall process capability function is obtained by aggregating the individual process capability function. The optimal setting is given by maximizing the overall process capability function. The existing process capability function methods usually use the arithmetic mean or geometric mean as an aggregation operator. However, these operators do not guarantee the Pareto optimality of their solution. Moreover, they may bring out an unacceptable result in terms of individual process capability function values. In this paper, we propose a maximin-based process capability function method which uses a maximin criterion as an aggregation operator. The proposed method is illustrated through a well-known multiresponse problem.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.57-58
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• 2021

This study is conducted an experiment to unifyprovide a method to estimate the method of measuring the condensationsetting time and estimating the initialearly age compressive strength using the existingD type ddurometer. into a single device and to adopt the best estimation guidelines of the estimator. As a result of the experiment, Test results indicated that it is analyzed that the use of D type Durometer attached with modified needle, which was designed to secure improved accuracy in setting and compressive strength, enables to estimate it is possible to estimate the condensationsetting time of mortar and estimate the compressive strength ofat early age. the initial age when the estimation No. 2 is adopted for the Durometer D type.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.6 s.90
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• pp.1011-1018
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• 2005

The influence of liquid shotcrete accelerators(alkali aluminate, two types of alkali-free) was investigated. Comparing to the existing alkali aluminate accelerator, new alkali-free accelerator, AF2, shortened initial and final setting of cement system, and after curing for 1 day compressive strength was analogous with others. On the other hand, compressive strength of specimen cured for 12 hour was the highest by the addition of alkali aluminate accelerator, but final strength was the lowest by that. But compressive strengths of AF1, AF2 were similar to Plain up to 28day. Further from XRD(X-Ray Diffractometer) and DSC(Differential Scanning Calorimeter) analyses, we confirmed that setting promoted by alkali aluminate was mainly because of Ca(OH)2(calcium hydroxide), but the accelerating behavior of alkali-free was influenced by the needle-like ettringite$(6CaO{\cdot}Al_2O_3{\cdot}3SO_3{\cdot}32H_2O)$ crystal.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.139-145
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• 2009

This study presents an estimation of the strength development of concrete considering the equivalent age using fine particle cement (FC), which is manufactured according to the classification process. Contents and W/B were considered as experimental parameters. The strength considering the equivalent age is gradually increased, and the deviation of the strength according to W/C is increased with decrease of W/C in accordance with the replacement of the fine particle cement. For estimating the apparent activation energy (Ea) considering setting time and blame fineness of cement, Ea of the FC based on setting time is calculated with $27.6{\sim}28.9$ KJ/mol, which is somewhat similar to that of OPC, while by applying Ea based on blame fineness, Ea is increased with increase of FC contents, and is calculated with $40{\sim}56$ KJ/mol. Good agreement is obtained by applying Ea based on setting time, while there was remarkable variation between calculated value and measured value when Ea based on blame fineness. Therefore, it is necessary to add influencing factors in existing Ea to enhance the accuracy of the estimation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2011

In recent days, people used to store and share the data with other users through the web storage services. It is more convenient for using the data, but it raise problems such as access control of stored data and privacy exposure to untrusted server. Searchable encryption is used to share the data securely in multi-user setting. Especially in the multi-user setting, the revoked users should not be able to search the data and access the stored data. That is, it should be considered the security from revoked users. However in the existing schemes, the revoked users can decrypt the shared data by passive attack. Proposed scheme is the secure searchable encryption that resolves the problem and guarantees the security for revoked users.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.259-275
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• 2023

Pan African granitoids of Kaiama is comprised of K-feldspar rich granites, porphyritic granites, and granitic gneiss that are intruded by quartz veins and aplitic veins and dykes which trend NE-SW. In order to establish the geochemical signatures, petrogenesis, and tectonic settings of the lithological units, petrological, petrographical, and geochemical studies was carried out. Petrographic analysis reveals that the granitoids are dominantly composed of quartz, plagioclase feldspar, biotite, and k-feldspar with occasional muscovites, sericite, and opaque minerals that constitute very low proportion. Major, trace, and rare earth elements geochemical data reveal that the rocks have moderate to high silica (SiO₂=63-79.7%) and alumina (Al₂O₃=11.85-16.15) contents that correlate with the abundance of quartz, feldspars, and biotite. The rocks are calc-alkaline, peraluminous (ASI=1.0-<1.2), and S-type granitoids sourced by melting of pre-existing metasedimentary or sedimentary rocks containing Al, Na, and K oxides. They plot dominantly in the WPG and VAG fields suggesting emplacement in a post-collisional tectonic setting. On a multi-element variation diagram, the granitoids show depletion in Ba, K, P, Rb, and Ti while enrichment was observed for Th, U, Nd, Pb and Sm. Their rare-earth elements pattern is characterized by moderate fractionation ((La/Yb)_N=0.52-38.24) and pronounced negative Eu-anomaly (Eu/Eu^*=0.02-1.22) that points to the preservation of plagioclase from the source magma. Generally, the geochemical features of the granitoids show that they were derived by the partial melting of crustal rocks with some input from greywacke and pelitic materials in a typical post-collisional tectonic setting.