• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2020

With the aim of accumulating data that can be used to infer the basis for the acculturation of trees called 'Goe,' this study aims to identify the survival status of the pagoda and zelkova trees known as 'Goe' trees by comparing and analyzing the status of pagoda trees (Sophora japonica) and zelkova tree (Zelkova serrata) designated as a protected tree in Korea. The results of this study are as follows; Zelkova serrata designated as a protected tree grows the most, with 2,147 trees (29.4%) in Cheonnam, followed by Chungnam (16.5%) and Gyeongbuk (14.4%). However, Sophora japonica showed a different result from zelkova Serrata as the total number of 210 Sophora japonica (55.7%) in Gyeongbuk and Daegu is much larger than that of zelkova Serrata. As a result, in the Yeongnam region, where the Confucianism of Yeongnam was actively practiced, the existence of Sophora japonica is much larger than that of the Zelkova Serrata, which is not a coincidence, and it is difficult to determine it only based on their flora and planting distribution. Results of comparing protected trees of Sophora japonica and Zelkova Serrata showed that the average age of Zelkova Serrata wass 289 years, while that of Sophora japonica was 302 years, and that the average height of Zelkova Serrata wass 18 m, which is higher than the height of 16 m of Sophora japonica. The average diameter at breast height of Zelkova Serrata was 398 cm and that of Sophora japonica was 314 cm, which indicates that Zelkova Serrata is relatively big. Therefore, it can be assumed that Zelkova Serrata has a larger growth potential than Sophora japonica, and the possibility of growth as a big tree is also high, but it seems that the explanation that "they are relatively long-lived" is not clearly determined.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.183-193
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• 2012

The purpose of the formation of the regional community is to draw community formation strategy for effective resolve the conflicts. Along with thesis of the regional community theory, this study sought strategy plan through cheonan regional people investigate. Feeling of satisfaction, sense of common bonds, sense of belonging could showed relation of high existence, and know that duplex sense of belonging acts greatly in desire of social activities in interrelationship study finding, regional community and participation of resident. Essential factor of regional community formation is as following. First, it is application to the strategy of the formation of the regional community that can correspond to special quality of various area and request of inhabitantses. Second, the regional community's formation needs the local governments' active support, the cooperation, comprehension and voluntary effort of the regional people. Ideal regional community that we think gets joined conclude the relation as well as physical plenty and equality realization of social structure that is matured because awakening of conduced wholesome accident.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.55-85
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• 2004

The problems of health in poor peoples are various and difficult things to solve it. They are highly susceptible to chronic disease because of bad environment and It is hard to access to medical services because of their Socio-demographic status. Therefore, it is important to address the problem of prevention of chronic disease and health promotion aspect. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among the health status, health behaviors and health practices of poor people in urban slum area. The subject of this study were 298 poor peoples who live in poor area in Daegu metropolitan city and they were asked to answer the survey questionnaires modified for Korean from behavioral risk factor surveillance system of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention USA. The result of the study were as follows； (1) There were significant relationships between health status (prevalence of chronic disease and perceived general health) and socio-demographic factor such as occupation, existence of spouse, number of family educational level, type of medical security. (2) There were some relationships between health risk behaviors such as smoking, drinking and obesity and health status of subject especially in female obesity.(3) There were relationships among health concern activity, prevalence of chronic disease and some social factor such as educational level and occupation. (4) There were relationships among health practice, health concern activity, health status and socio-demographic factors of subject. This study suggest that health status, socio-demographic status, health concerns and health promotion activity of study populations were associated and It is very important things supporting the poor people in the level of community and nation to practice healthy behaviors themselves.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2016

Background: The assessment tool developed in other countries should be translated into Korean language using rigorous methodological approaches in order to be used in Korea. Because these procedures are insufficient for establishing the cross-cultural and linguistic equivalence, the need for statistical methods is raised. The Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale was translated into Korean and the content validity was verified through the back translation method, but the reliability and validity have not yet been proven by statistical methods. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (KFAB) by statistical methods in elderly people. Methods: A total of 97 elderly adults (39 males and 58 females) participated in this study. Internal consistency of the KFAB was measured using Cronbach's alpha and an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess test-retest reliability between the two measurement sessions. Concurrent validity was measured by comparing the KFAB responses with the Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (KBBS) using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Construct validity of the KFAB was measured using the exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the unidimensionality of the questionnaire. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The internal consistency of the KFAB was found be adequate with Cronbach's alpha (.96), and test-retest reliability was excellent as evidenced by the high ICC (r=.996). Concurrent validity showed high correlation between the KFAB and KBBS (r=.89, p<.001). Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. The result from Bartlett test of sphericity was statistically significant (p<.001), and the value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was .93. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the existence of only one dominant factor that explained 76.43% of the variance. Conclusion: The KFAB is a reliable, valid and appropriate tool for measuring the balance functions in elderly people.

• CELLMED
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.12.1-12.11
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• 2012

Traditional Medicinal System (TMS) is one of the centuries-old practices and long-serving companions to the human kind to fight against disease and to lead a healthy life. Every indigenous people have been using their unique approaches of TMS practice where among, the Chinese, Indian and African TMSs are world-wide renowned. India has a unique Indian System of Medicines (ISM) consisting of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Naturopathy and Homoeopathy. Siddhars are the saints as well as the eminent scholars, who have attained Ashta-mahasiddhi [Tamil: (Ashta-Eight; Mahasiddhi-Power)] or enlightment. They have postulated, practiced, immensely contributed and have established the concept of the Tamil medicinal system called Siddha System of Medicine (SSM). From ancient time, SSM has flourished and has been widely practiced in the southern part of India particularly in Tamil Nadu. The induction of the modern medicinal system has immensely influenced the existence of SSM and has made the SSM principles and practices undervalued/extinct. However, at present, still a considerable group of people are using the SSM as a basic health-care modality. In this context, the present scrutiny deals with the TMS history, its significance with a special reference to SSM history, Siddhars, the basic concept of SSM, its diagnostic procedures, materia medica and treatment. Conclusively, Siddha is one of the most ancient indigenous health practices despite its several thorny challenges and issues, which needs to be flagged effectively and to be preserved and revitalized in the international arena in the near future.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2019

Generally human sensibility is expressed in a certain language. To discover the sensibility of visitors in relation to the forest environment, it is first necessary to determine their exact meanings. Furthermore, it is necessary to sort these terms according to their meanings based on an appropriate classification system. This study attempted to develop a classification system for forest sensibility vocabulary by extracting Korean words used by forest visitors to express their sensibilities in relation to the forest environment, and established the structure of the system to classify the accumulated vocabulary. For this purpose, we extracted forest sensibility words based on literature review of experiences reported in the past as well as interviews of forest visitors, and categorized the words by meanings using the Standard Korean Language Dictionary maintained by the National Institute of the Korean Language. Next, the classification system for these words was established with reference to the classification system for vocabulary in the Korean language examined in previous studies of Korean language and literature. As a result, 137 forest sensibility words were collected using a documentary survey, and we categorized these words into four types: emotion, sense, evaluation, and existence. Categorizing the collected forest sensibility words based on this Korean language classification system resulted in the extraction of 40 representative sensibility words. This experiment enabled us to determine from where our sensibilities that find expressions in the forest are derived, that is, from sight, hearing, smell, taste, or touch, along with various other aspects of how our human sensibilities are expressed such as whether the subject of a word is person-centered or object-centered. We believe that the results of this study can serve as foundational data about forest sensibility.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.279-286
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• 2021

Recently, We are carrying out a policy of physical distancing of at least 1m from each other to prevent the spreading of COVID-19 disease in public places. In this paper, we propose a method for measuring distances between people in real time and an automation system that recognizes objects that are within 1 meter of each other from stereo images acquired by drones or CCTVs according to the estimated distance. A problem with existing methods used to estimate distances between multiple objects is that they do not obtain three-dimensional information of objects using only one CCTV. his is because three-dimensional information is necessary to measure distances between people when they are right next to each other or overlap in two dimensional image. Furthermore, they use only the Bounding Box information to obtain the exact coordinates of human existence. Therefore, in this paper, to obtain the exact two-dimensional coordinate value in which a person exists, we extract a person's key point to detect the location, convert it to a three-dimensional coordinate value using Stereo Vision and Camera Calibration, and estimate the Euclidean distance between people. As a result of performing an experiment for estimating the accuracy of 3D coordinates and the distance between objects (persons), the average error within 0.098m was shown in the estimation of the distance between multiple people within 1m.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.173-218
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• 2009

Bring this analysis down to people-centered development perspective and looking through democratization in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia, we find similarities and differences among them related with the intensity of conflicts between development and human rights in the process of democratization in line with global transformation. Civil society in the Philippines criticized the developmental path in the Philippines which failed to implement land reform and eradication of poverty under the transition from 'patrimonial oligarchy' to democracy. In Thailand the coalition of military and the royalists had consolidated its power since Sarit military regime, which later paved the way 'hybrid oligarchy' era. Most Thai civil society organizations has regarded their developmental experience rather as 'maldevelopment' which disregarded economic and social rights. It has been especially believed by Thai localists that the stimulation of local markets and the building of autonomic community society will form the alternative economy without going against the conservative banner of nation, religion and king. Thaksin as a populist successfully took advantage of Thai localist ethos in favour of taking the seat of power. He projected himself as a modernizer focused on economic growth and cleaner politics. However Thaksin's procedural legitimacy was overthrown by counterattacking from military-royalist alliance, pretexting that Thaksin caused internal conflicts and lacked morality. Soeharto's New Order regime which can be called 'administrative oligarchy' had an antipathy towards notions of economic and social rights as well as civil and political rights. In spite of the fact that the fall of Soeharto opened the political space for democratic civil society organizations which had long struggled with development aggression and human rights abuses, there have been continuously a strong political and military reaction against human rights activists, NGOs and ethnic minorities such as Aceh and Papua. Nevertheless, Indonesian democracy is more promising than Philippine's and Thai democracy in terms of comparatively less pre-modern legacies.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2017

Energy source of a piezo-electric harvester is vibration. Sources of vibration are machineries operated with high frequencies, constructions and people operated with low frequencies and etc. In this study, we tried to figure out power generation properties over vibrations upon angles of a piezo-cantilever for applying them to movements of the construction and/or people, which are vibration sources at low frequencies. A uni-morph cantilever with a $59mm{\times}29mm{\times}0.2mm$ piezo-electric element attached on a $71mm{\times}46mm{\times}0.25mm$ copperplate was used. A spring was attached to the lower side of the cantilever and a mass was attached on the opposite side. Also, a structure with a specific angle which is an angle in between the ground and the cantilever was prepared and then, connected to a spring or the cantilever. Then, this structure was divided into the A-type and B-type and excited in the direction of z- axis. After that, the angle between the ground and the cantilever was changed and excited by 1 to 10 Hz upon the existence of a spring and/or a mass to compare power generation properties.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.212-221
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how the level of religious activity and participation in religious activities affect the satisfaction of the lives of the elderly. To this end, based on the 20th data of the labor panel survey, 3,261 people aged 65 or older were analyzed for technical statistics, average differences, and regression analysis. The research results are as follows. First, the existence of religion did not have a statistically significant effect on the satisfaction of the elderly's life. Second, the level of participation in religious activities was shown to have a statistically significant effect on the satisfaction of senior citizens' lives. In other words, the older people actively participate in religious activities, the more satisfied they were with Third, by type of religion, it was found that the Christian elderly had a statistically higher level of satisfaction in life than the Buddhist elderly. Based on these results, implications were drawn and policy suggestions were made.