• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

In this paper, entransy analysis is carried out for combined heat and power (CHP) generation system driven by low-grade heat source compared with energy and exergy analyses. The system consists of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and an additional process heater in a parallel circuit. Special attention is paid to the effects of the source temperature, turbine inlet pressure, and the working fluid on the thermodynamic performance of the system. Results showed that the work efficiency of entransy is higher than that of energy but lower than that of exergy, wheress the process heat efficiency of entransy is lower than that of energy but higher than that of exergy. Entrancy analysis showed the potential to complement the exergy analysis in the optimal design of the energy system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2928-2938
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• 2020

A light water nuclear Reactor has been exergy analyzed, and the rate of irreversible exergy loss and exergy destruction is calculated for each of its components. The ratio of these losses compared to the total input exergy loss is calculated, which shows that most irreversible losses occur in the reactors, turbines, steam generators, respectively, as well as in the downstream operations. The main aim of this paper is to optimize the power plant using an innovative firefly algorithm and then to propose a novel strategy to improve the overall performance of the plant. As shown in the results, the exergy destruction rate of the plant decreased by 1.18% using the firefly method, and the exergy efficiency of the plant reached 29.3% comparing to the operational amount of 28.99%. Also, the results of the firefly optimization process compared to the Genetic algorithm and gravitational search algorithm to study the accuracy of the model for exergy analysis fitness problems in the power plants and the results of this comparison has shown that the results are nearly similar in the mentioned methods. However, the firefly is faster and more accurate in limited iterations.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.550-560
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• 2000

In order to minimize compression power and analyze the cause of exergy loss for a dry ice production cycle with 3-stage compression, the variation of compression power was investigated and the exergy analysis was peformed for the cycle. In this cycle, $CO_2$, is used both as a refrigerant and as a raw material for dry ice. The behavior of compression power and irreversibility in the cycle were examined as a function of intermediate pressure. From this result, the conditions for the minimum compression power were obtained in terms of the first stage or the third stage pressure. In addition, the irreversibilities for the cycle were investigated with respect to the efficiency of compressor. Result shows that the optimum pressure is not consistent with the conventional pressure obtained from the equal-pressure-ratio assumption. This is mainly due to the change in mass flow rate of the intermediate stage compressor by the flash gas evaporation from the flash drums. Most important is that the present exergy analysis enabled us to find bad performance components for the cycle and informed us of methods to improve the cycle performance.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2021

During the hydrogen fueling process, hydrogen temperature inside the compressed tank were limited below 85℃ due to the allowable pressure of tank material. The chiller system to cool compressed hydrogen used R407C, greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential (GWP), as a refrigerant. To reduce greehouse gas emission, it should be replaced by refrigerant with a low GWP. This study proposes a chiller system for fueling hydrogen with R290, consisted in propane, by applying the C3 pre-cooled system use d in the LNG liquefaction process. The proposed system consisted of hydrogen compression and cooling sections and optimized the operating pressure through exergy analysis. It was also compared to the exergy efficiency with the existing system at the optimal operating pressure. The result showed that the optimal operating pressure is 700 kPa in 2-stage, 840 kPa/490 kPa in 3-stage, and the exergy efficiency increased by 17%.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.677-687
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• 2021

The tendency to renewables is one of the consequences of changing attitudes towards energy issues. As a result, solar energy, which is the leader among renewable energies based on availability and potential, plays a crucial role in full filing global needs. Significant problems with the solar thermal power plants (STPP) are the operation time, which is limited by daylight and is approximately half of the power plants with fossil fuels, and the capital cost. Exergy analysis survey of STPP hybrid with PCM storage carried out using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program with genetic algorithm (GA) for three different scenarios, based on eight decision variables, which led us to decrease final product cost (electricity) in optimized scenario up to 30% compare to base case scenario from 28.99 $/kWh to 20.27 $/kWh for the case study. Also, in the optimal third scenario of this plant, the inner carbon dioxide gas cycle produces 1200 kW power with a thermal efficiency of 59% and also 1000 m3/h water with an exergy efficiency of 23.4% and 79.70 kg/h with an overall exergy efficiency of 34% is produced in the tetrageneration plant.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.515-524
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• 2022

In this study, the on-site hydrogen production process for refueling stations that were not energy-optimized was improved through exergy analysis and heat exchange network synthesis. Furthermore, the process was scaled up from 30 Nm3/h to 150 Nm3/h to improve hydrogen production capacity. Exergy analysis results show that exergy destruction in the SMR reactor and the heat exchanger accounts for 58.1 and 19.8%, respectively. Thus, the process is improved by modifying the heat exchange network to reduce the exergy loss in these units. As a result of the process simulation analysis, thermal and exergy efficiency is improved from 75.7 to 78.6% and 68.1 to 70.4%, respectively. In conclusion, it is expected to improve the process efficiency when installing on-site hydrogen refueling stations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.829-835
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• 2013

본 논문은 제안된 고효율 R717용 해양온도차 발전 시스템의 운전변수에 대한 최적의 설계를 위해 엑서지 효율을 이론적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 고려된 작동변수로는 증발기 출구압력, 고단터빈 출구압력, 응축기 입구압력 그리고 냉각기 출구건도이다. 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. R717용 OTEC 발전 사이클의 증발기 출구압력, 냉각기 출구건도가 증가할수록 엑서지 효율은 증가한다. 그러나 고단터빈 출구압력, 응축기 입구압력이 증가할수록 엑서지 효율이 감소한다. 그리고 이러한 작동변수들 중에서 증발기 출구압력이 R717용 OTEC 발전 사이클의 엑서지 효율에 가장 크게 영향을 미치고, 고단터빈 출구압력이 가장 적게 영향을 미친다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2019

지구 온난화 문제 해결과 온실가스 감축을 위해 순산소 연소를 통한 $CO_2$ 포집기술이 개발되었으나, 산소 생산비용이 높아 경제성이 떨어지는 문제를 가지고 있다. 순산소 연소에 필요한 대량의 산소 생산은 초저온 공기분리장치(ASU: Air Separation Unit)가 가장 적합한 방법으로 산소 생산 비용 절감을 위해 ASU의 효율을 높이는 것이 필요하다. ASU의 효율 향상을 위해서는 현재 공정의 효율 평가 및 에너지 소비 형태를 확인해야 하며, 이를 위해 엑서지 분석이 사용될 수 있다. 엑서지 분석은 공정에서 사용된 에너지의 정보, 에너지 손실의 위치, 크기 등을 확인 시켜주며, 에너지 손실을 최소화 할 수 있는 공정 최적화를 가능하게 해준다. 본 연구에서는 초대형 규모의 ASU 공정개발 및 최적화를 위해 엑서지 분석을 이용하였다. ASU의 공정모사를 수행하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 엑서지 값을 계산하였다. 그 결과 ASU의 cold box에서 엑서지 손실을 줄이기 위해 운전압력을 낮추는 방법을 제안하였고, cold box의 열침입 및 열손실 감소의 필요성을 확인하였다. 또한 ASU의 단위 공정 중 다른 공정과 열통합이 필요한 위치를 확인 하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.593-600
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• 2012

대형 선박의 추진용 디젤엔진에서 버려지는 배기가스의 열을 회수하기 위한 랭킨사이클이 적용된 발전시스템에 대하여 R245fa 및 water의 작동유체에 따른 그 엑서지 특성을 분석하였다. 그 이론적인 계산 결과로, R245fa에 대하여 터빈입구의 압력이 증가할수록 엑서지 효율 및 시스템의 엑서지 효율이 증가하였고, 엑서지 파괴율은 주로 응축기 및 증발기에서 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 그리고 질량유량의 증가에 따라 시스템의 엑서지 효율이 증가하는 특성을 보였다. Water의 경우에, 증발기에서의 엑서지 파괴율은 R245fa의 경우와 유사하게 나타났지만, 터빈입구의 압력 및 질량유량 비율의 변동에 대하여 열원에 대한 엑서지 손실률이 가장 큰 폭으로 변동하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

Rankine cycle using ammonia-water mixture as a working fluid has attracted much attention, since it may be a very useful device to extract power from low-temperature heat source. In this work, the thermodynamic performance of regenerative ammonia-water Rankine cycle is thoroughly investigated based on the second law of thermodynamics and exergy analysis, when the energy source is low-temperature heat source in the form of sensible energy. In analyzing the power cycle, several key system parameters such as ammonia mass concentration in the mixture and turbine inlet pressure are studied to examine their effects on the system performance including exergy destructions or anergies of system components, efficiencies based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The results show that as the ammonia concentration increases, exergy exhaust increases but exergy destruction at the heat exchanger increases. The second-law efficiency has an optimum value with respect to the ammonia concentration.