• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 2009

Excessive daytime sleepiness in childhood might be abnormal phenomenon and often related to the sleep disorders or insufficient sleep duration. The most common cause of excessive daytime sleepiness would be insufficient sleep. However, narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, medication, medical illness and other sleep disorders that could cause insomnia and poor quality of sleep also result in excessive daytime sleepiness. The misdiagnosed and untreated excessive daytime sleepiness in childhood can lead to serious developmental and educational problem.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2014

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among daytime sleepiness, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress response of students in a university Methods : A total of 557 students were recruited in this study. The participants filled out stress response inventory, Epworth sleepiness scale, overall anxiety severity and impairment scale, and quality of life scale. Results : Excessive daytime sleepiness group showed higher scores in all factors in stress response inventory, overall anxiety severity and impairment scale, and quality of life scale. Sleepiness might be correlated with somatization and depression and anger in Stress response inventory. Conclusion : Excessive daytime sleepiness group exhibited poor quality of life scale. Screening about overall quality of sleep, such as mood and anxiety should be considered for students in a university.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.125-144
• /
• 1994

Recently excessive daytime sleepiness was found to have relations with various social, occupational, and health problems. This condition is common symptom of several sleep disorders, among which sleep apnea syndrome is most contributive. It is essential to assess daytime sleepiness exactly for the diagnosis of such sleep disorders. Multiple sleep latency test which is a valid and objective measurement technique of sleepiness is time and cost consuming, and so there is increasing need of scales measuring general level of daytime sleepiness which are quick and simple to perform for clinical and research purpose. And also, there have been a lot of sleep researches viewing sleep as a chronobiological process, especially in the study of circadian type of shift workers. In these studies they used various techniques of multiple demensions to assess sleepiness or circadian rhythm which concerns various psychological variables. Of these measurement techniques circadian type questionnaires might have some problems in their psychometric properties. So some of these morningness-eveningness questionnaires have been revised and more valid scales are being suggested by different authors. The author briefly reviewed various measurement techniques of sleepiness and circadian rhythm and introduced recently developed scales which are more valid allegedly, and finally discussed psychometric properties of these morningness-eveningness questionnaires.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 1997

Sleep-related breathing disorders, especially sleep apnea syndrome are complicated by neuropsychiatric dysfunction such as excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction, and depression. As the determinants of daytime sleepiness, sleep fragmentation is more influential than nocturnal hypoxia. Daytime sleepiness can be improved by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or surgery in up to 95% of the treated subjects. Both sleepiness and nocturnal hypoxia would cause cognitive dysfunction. While impairments in attention and verbal memory are more related with sleepiness and prominent in mild to moderate sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), impairments in general intellectual function and executive function are more related with nocturnal hypoxia and prominent in severe SAS. Several cognitive deficits related with nocturnal hypoxia may be irreversible despite CPAP or surgical treatments. So, early detection and early appropriate treatment of SAS would prevent sleepiness and cognitive deterioration.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2003

Objectives：Sleep loss and excessive daytime sleepiness may have serious consequences, including traffic and industrial accidents, decreased productivity, learning disabilities and interpersonal problems. Yet despite these adverse effects, there are few epidemiological studies on sleep loss and daytime sleepiness in the general population of Korea. This study investigates the number of people who suffer from sleep insufficiency, how much recovery sleep occurs on weekends, and the relationship between the amount of recovery sleep and daytime sleepiness. Methods：A total 164 volunteers, aged 20 and over, were recruited by advertisement. The subjects were workers and college students living in Seoul, Korea. Subjects were excluded if they were aged over 60；if they had medical, neurological, psychiatric or sleep disorders that could cause insomnia or daytime sleepiness；if they were not following a regular sleep schedule；if they traveled abroad during the study；or if they did not leave home to work or were shift workers. They were interviewed and given a sleep log to complete on each of 14 consecutive mornings. They also completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) at noontime on the last day of the second week. All statistical data were analyzed by t-test, $X^2$-test or ANOVA, using SPSS/PC+. Results：The results showed that the subjects woke up at 6：50 (${\pm}1$：16) on weekdays, 7：09 (${\pm}1$：29) on Saturdays, and 8：12 (${\pm}1$：39) on Sundays and holidays. They took more frequent and longer naps on Sundays than on weekdays and Saturdays. The mean sleep duration was 6h 35 min. on week nights, with a mean increase of about 1h on weekends. Only 9.1% of the subjects spent more than 8h in bed on week nights, with 67% spending less than 7h, and 49.4% reported recovery sleep of more than 1h on Sundays. The subjects who reported recovery sleep of more than 2h on Sundays, showed significantly more excessive daytime sleepiness than those who reported less than 30 min (F=2.62, p<.05). Conclusions：These findings suggest that sleep insufficiency and excessive daytime sleepiness are relatively common in Korea, and that the people who get insufficient sleep on weekdays try to compensate for sleep loss with oversleeping and daytime napping on Sundays and holidays. It appeared that daily sleep insufficiency had a cumulative effect and increased daytime sleepiness.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.216-219
• /
• 2005

We report a case of narcolepsy. A 25-year-old man has had excessive daytime sleepiness of about 10 years durations. He awakens daily feeling exhausted and continually falls asleep during the day while engaged in such situation like reading and watching television. He has exhibited cataplexy, a sudden loss of muscular tone, brought on by emotion, usually laughter. Polysomnogram revealed increased sleep stage 1, 2 and decreased deep sleep. Multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) showed that sleep latency was 1.33 minutes and there were 3 noted sleep onset rapid eye movement (SOREM) on 5 trials. The epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) was 17/24. Typing of HLA haplotype that was positive for the $DQB1^{\ast}0602$ allele, and hypocretin-1 (orexin A) could not be detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Brain MRI showed normal image. We diagnosed his case as narcolepsy based on history of cataplexy, and three occurances of SOREM, and positive of HLA haplotype.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.225-233
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted in an attempt to determine the factors that cause excessive daytime sleepiness among 927 subway station employees located in Seoul. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire through the web site and were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results showed that marital status made a statistically significant difference in general characteristics, and hobby/leisure activities made a statistically significant difference in health-related characteristics. Workplace and satisfaction with the organization made a significant difference in job-related characteristics, and physical environment, job demand, job autonomy, relationship conflicts, organizational system, inappropriate compensation, and organizational culture made a statistically significant difference in job stress factors. Factors that affect excessive daytime sleepiness were hobby and leisure activities, satisfaction with the organization, physical environment, job demand, job autonomy, organizational system and organizational culture, showing a 20.5% explanatory power. This study proposes the operation of programs that can improve the physical environment, change the organizational system and increase satisfaction with the organizational culture among station employees in order that they can enjoy their hobby/leisure life and relieve job stress so that they can avoid excessive daytime sleepiness.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.425-433
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate sleep patterns and predictors of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Methods: Participants were 120 university students who were attending two universities in S-city and C-city. Data were collected from May 20 to June 15, 2012 using self-report questionnaires which included Johns' Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Yi's Sleep Quality Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory. Data were digitalized and analyzed using frequency, percentages, means and standard deviations, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression with SAS 9.0. Results: Mean total sleep time was 6.6 hours on weekdays, 8.1 hours on weekends. Mean sleep latency was 19.1 minutes and the score for mean sleep quality was 22.6. Prevalence of EDS was 12.5%. Depression was significantly different between EDS and Non-EDS students (t=2.17, p=.030). Multiple logistic regression showed that the only factor associated with EDS was depression (adjusted odds ratio of depression=5.33, 95% Confidence Interval=1.49-19.04). Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that university students experience short sleep time, low sleep quality, and common EDS with depression, suggesting that students with complaints of EDS should be completely assessed for depression as well as sleep problems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.829-836
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to identify prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS) and its associations with sleep habits, sleep problems, depression, subjective health status and obesity in community dwelling adults. Method: Data was collected from adults aged 20-59 years by random sampling. Subjects completed a questionnaire which was composed of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and questions that included items about sleep habits, sleep problems, subjective health status and sociodemographic characteristics. Height and weight were measured for calculation of body mass index. The statistical analyses was based on 3,302 adults (51.5% males and 48.5% females). Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression were used. Result: The prevalence of EDS was 17.1% Multiple logistic regression showed that the associated factors of EDS were depression, obesity, dissatisfaction with sleep time, irregular sleep, and habitual snoring. Depression was the most significant associated factor(adjusted odds ratio for severe depression=2.27, 95% Confidence Interval=1.73-2.96). Conclusion: EDS is a common symptom in adults. Our finding suggested that persons with a complaint of EDS should be completely assessed for depression and obesity as well as sleep problems.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2003

Sleep apnea syndrome is a common clinical disorder characterized by intermittent cessation of airflow at nose and mouth during sleep. The clinical significance of this syndrome is that it is one of the most common causes of excessive daytime sleepiness. It can also cause neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular complications. The standard for diagnosis of sleep apnea syndrome is nocturnal polysomnography. Because polysomnography is a time-consuming and expensive test, many efforts have been made to replace polysomnography with a simpler system of monitoring, but no method has yet been approved as a definitive investigation method. The goals of treatment for this syndrome are to eliminate excessive daytime sleepiness and to reduce the risk of possible cardiovascular complications. Continuous positive airway pressure is the most definite and widely accepted treatment for achieving these goals. Other treatments such as surgical treatment, oral appliances, and behavioral therapy may be useful for selected patients who are mildly affected.