• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.11-14
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• 2000

대부분 기존의 Multimedia 시스템은 응용프로그램이나 사용자에 의해 발생되는 Operation 을 수동적인 형태로 처리를 한다. 개발자는 시스템의 목적이나 전략에 따라 시스템을 구성하는 각각의 Module에 대해 작업을 해야 하지만 목적이나 전략이 변경되면 해당되는 각각의 Module을 찾아서 수정을 해야만 한다. 이러한 일은 상당히 번거롭고 Error를 발생시킬 수 있는 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 또한 Multimedia 시스템은 적절한 정보를 관리하고 다양한 응용프로그램을 지원하기 위해서 많은 기능을 가져야 한다. 이 논문은 Event-Condition-Action(ECA) rule의 Active특성을 Multimedia 시스템에 적용하는 것을 제안하고 있다. 이러한 접근 방법을 통해 코드를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있다. 또한, Operation으로부터 rule을 정의하고 관리하는 것을 분리함으로써 Multimedia 시스템에 대해 상위 계층의 새로운 개념을 제시한다. 이렇게 Multimedia 시스템 상에 Active Rule시스템을 계층화시킴으로써 진보된 Multimedia 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 시스템의 모든 기능은 Event에 의해 발생되고 Rule의 Condition이 만족할 때 해당하는 Rule의 Action이 실행된다. 여기서 제안한 Interactive Group Teaching System (IGTS) 시스템은 Active Rule 시스템인 Active Rule Management System(ARMS) 상에서 구현되었고, Active 속성을 가진 IGTS 을 설계하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 본 시스템은 ECA Rule 개념이 적용 가능함을 보여준다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.347-357
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• 2009

This study conducted a vulnerability assessment on Korea's physical infrastructure to provide base data for developing strategies to strengthen Korea's ability to adapt to climate change. The assessment was conducted by surveying professionals in the field of infrastructure and climate change science. A vulnerability assessment was carried out for seven climate change events: average temperature increases, sea level rise, typhoons and storm surges, floods and heavy rain, drought, severe cold, and heat waves. The survey asked respondents questions with respect to the consequences of each climate change event, the urgency of adaptation to climate change, and the scale of investment for adaptation to each climate change event. Thereafter, management priorities for infrastructure were devised and implications for policy development were suggested. The results showed that respondents expected the possibility of "typhoons and storm surges" and "floods and heavy rain" to be the most high. Respondents indicated that infrastructure related to water, transportation, and the built environment were more vulnerable to climate change. The most vulnerable facilities included river related facilities such as dams and riverbanks in the "water" category and seaports and roads in the "transport and communication" category. The results found were consistent with the history of natural disasters in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

Aquifer storage transfer and recovery (ASTR) is a type of managed aquifer recharge which entails injecting water into a storage well and recovering it from a different well. It has effects of natural purification when injected water passes through aquifer medium, and can be a good way of supplying water especially in a region with poor surface water quality. This study is about an on-going effort to introduce ASTR as a solution to source water problems in coastal areas. A pilot study is being conducted in the delta of the Nakdong River. A proactive management system is incorporated to ensure the water qulity in the process of drinking water process. The system is based on the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) which is a tool originated from the food industry in order to assess hazards and establish control systems for the safety of food product. In this paper, we analyze hazardous events which can occur in the entire water supply system using ASTR as a first step to the incorporation of HACCP to drinking water production process.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.101-108
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• 2017

Recently, the occurrence of landslides has been increasing over the years due to the extreme weather event. Developments of landslides monitoring technology that reduce damage caused by landslide are urgently needed. Therefore, in this study, a strain ratio sensor was developed to predict the ground behavior during the slope failure, and the change in surface ground displacement was observed as slope failed on the field model experiment. As a result, in the slope failure, the ground displacement process increases the risk of collapse as the inverse displacement approaches zero. It is closely related to the prediction of precursor. In all cases, increase in displacement and reverse speed of inverse displacement with time was observed during the slope failure, and it is very important event for monitoring collapse phenomenon of risky slopes. In the future, it can be used as disaster prevention technology to contribute in reduction of landslide damage and activation of measurement industry.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.173-184
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• 2018

This research was conducted to examine coffee shop customers' preference and satisfaction by different types of promotion. Research samples ware adults with experience of any form of coffee shop promotion (n=209). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the relations among variables. Results showed that 'free coupon' was the most preferred ones. SNS was the most frequently used search method for coffee shop coupon promotion information. The most preferred event promotion was 'freebies', and preference levels were significantly different by age and employment status. 'Barista experience' was ranked highest in preference among cultural experience events. Drinking coffee was the most important purpose of visiting coffee shops, especially among unemployed, twenties, and women respondents. Coupon was evaluated the highest in usefulness and satisfaction among the three promotion methods. Event and cultural experience were preferred more by respondents in their twenties than those in their thirties. Results indicated that all promotion strategies are effective for increasing customer satisfaction and for inducing revisit. Findings also showed that preference for promotion was affected by customer characteristics such as age and gender. Therefore, coffee shops should consider using the most effective and attractive promotion strategy for their target market, while maintaining a consistent service quality level to fulfill customer expectation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1171-1179
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• 2012

Headwaters initiate material export to downstream environments. A nested headwater study examined the flux of dissolved constituents and water from a perennial stream and four ephemeral/intermittent streams in the Upper Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi. Water was collected during storm and baseflow conditions. Multiple linear regression was used to model constituent concentration and calculate flux. Event was the major source of water discharged from the ephemeral and intermittent streams however, baseflow was the major source for water discharged by the perennial stream during events. The perennial stream had an area weighted average yields of 10.1, 0.01, 1.03, 0.65 kg/ha/yr of DON (dissolved organic nitrogen), $NO_3^-$-N, $NH_4^+$-N and $PO_4^{-3}$, respectively while large variabilities existed between the ephemeral and intermittent streams. These findings highlight the importance of headwaters in protecting the low order drainage basins as a key to water quality within perennial streams.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.327-348
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• 2008

A risk-informed regulatory approach implies that risk insights be used as supplement of deterministic information for safety decision-making purposes. In this view, the use of risk assessment techniques is expected to lead to improved safety and a more rational allocation of the limited resources available. On the other hand, it is recognized that uncertainties affect both the deterministic safety analyses and the risk assessments. In order for the risk-informed decision making process to be effective, the adequate representation and treatment of such uncertainties is mandatory. In this paper, the risk-informed regulatory framework is considered under the focus of the uncertainty issue. Traditionally, probability theory has provided the language and mathematics for the representation and treatment of uncertainty. More recently, other mathematical structures have been introduced. In particular, the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is here illustrated as a generalized framework encompassing probability theory and possibility theory. The special case of probability theory is only addressed as term of comparison, given that it is a well known subject. On the other hand, the special case of possibility theory is amply illustrated. An example of the combination of probability and possibility for treating the uncertainty in the parameters of an event tree is illustrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.271-273
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• 2005

많은 글로벌 기업들이 비용절감 및 효율성 증대를 위하여 RFID 시스템을 도입하거나 도입을 적극 검토 중에 있다. RFID 시스템으로부터 획득된 수많은 정보들이 기업의 업무효율을 증대시킬 수 있도록 하기 위해서는 상위 응용 서비스에서 RFID 데이터를 효율적으로 사용할 수 있도록 리더와 응용 서비스 간의 중계 역할을 할 수 있는 RFID 미들웨어의 역할이 매우 중요하다. 이러한 요구사항에 맞춰 최근 EPCglobal에서는 RFID 미들웨어인 ALE(Application Level Event)를 제시하고 있다. ALE는 RFID 리더에 의해 읽혀진 EPC 이벤트 데이터를 실시간으로 수집하여 원본 데이터의 오류를 보정한 후에 사용자와 응용 서비스의 요구에 따라 특정 이벤트 데이터를 필터링하여 보고하는 역할을 한다. 본 논문에서는 ALE의 실시간 EPC 이벤트 데이터 처리를 위한 EMS(Event Management System) 컴포넌트를 제시하며 EMS에 대한 요구사항을 분석하고 설계하였다. EMS 컴포넌트는 RFID 리더를 통해서 끊임없이 들어오는 스트링 형태의 EPC 이벤트 데이터를 블록킹 없이 수집하는 역할을 한다. 또한, RFID 리더에서 수집한 데이터의 보정 및 필요 데이터 추출을 위한 다양한 필터링 기능을 제공함으로써 수집된 데이터의 정확성을 높이며 신속한 데이터 제공을 가능하게 한다.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.577-586
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• 2013

In a shipyard, it is hard to predict block movement due to the uncertainty caused during the long period of shipbuilding operations. For this reason, block movement is rarely scheduled, while main operations such as assembly, outfitting and painting are scheduled properly. Nonetheless, the high operating costs of block movement compel task managers to attempt its management. To resolve this dilemma, this paper proposes a new block movement analysis framework consisting of the following operations: understanding the entire process, log clustering to obtain manageable processes, discovering the process model and detecting exceptional processes. The proposed framework applies fuzzy mining and trace clustering among the process mining technologies to find main process and define process models easily. We also propose additional methodologies including adjustment of the semantic expression level for process instances to obtain an interpretable process model, definition of each cluster's process model, detection of exceptional processes, and others. The effectiveness of the proposed framework was verified in a case study using real-world event logs generated from the Block Process Monitoring System (BPMS).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.547-549
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose context-aware system for semiconductor equipment that acquires information from multiple sensors in indoor environment. This proposed system acquires information from acceleration, pressure, temperature and gas sensors then the acquired information send to server. The data transmitted to server generates an alarm via context-aware algorithm of unit event and multi event. From that result, high-quality real-time monitoring is possible because of the reduced unnecessary alarms, and the efficient management is possible because the surrounding information is recognized at once.