• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2010

The evaporation heat transfer characteristics of propane(R-290) in horizontal small diameter tubes were investigated experimentally. The test tubes have inner diameters of 1 mm and 4 mm. Local heat transfer coefficients were measured at heat fluxes of 12, $24\;kW/m^2$, mass fluxes of 150, $300\;kg/m^2s$, and evaporation temperature of $15^{\circ}C$. The experimental results showed that the evaporation heat transfer coefficient of R-290 has an effect on heat flux, mass flux, tube diameter, and vapor quality. The evaporation heat transfer of R-290 has an influenced on nucleate boiling at low quality and convective boiling at high quality. The evaporation heat transfer coefficient of R-290 increases with decreasing inner tube diameter. And the evaporation heat transfer coefficient of R-290 is about 1~3 times higher than that of R-134a.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 내경 4.3 mm와 6.4 mm의 수평동관내 R-22와 R-407C의 증발 열전달과 압력강하를 실험적으로 조사하였다. 냉매 순환루프의 주요구성품은 수액기, 압축기, 질량유량계, 응축기, 이중관식 증발기 (시험부)로 구성된다. 시험부는 내경 4.3 mm와 6.4mm의 평활 동관으로 이루어져 있다. 냉매질량유속은 $100\;kg/m^2s$에서 $300\;kg/m^2s$까지 변화시켰고, 증발기 냉매포화온도는 $5^{\circ}C$이다. R-22와 R-407C의 증발 열전달계수는 질량유속과 증기건도의 증가와 함께 따라 상승한다. 내경 4.3 mm와 6.4mm관내 R-22의 증발 열전달계수가 R-407C에 비해 각각 $7.3{\sim}47.1%$와 $5.68{\sim}46.6%$ 정도 높다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1997

본 연구는 제설설비에 히트파이프를 사용할때 기술적, 경제적 문제에 대해서 고찰하고, 히트파이프식의 제설구조물를 제작 설비하는 경우의 적용범위와 작동조건에 따라 전열효과를 실험적으로 검토한 것이다. 제설 제빙용으로 개발된 히트파이프식 설비는 히트파이프 배열의 피치에 관계없이 상호보완적으로 작동하였으며 제설설비를 위해 충분한 성능을 보였다. 작동액체의 충전량은 증발기의 체적을 기준으로 하여 $0.96{\sim}1.3$배인 경우가 가장 적합 하였다. 가열액체의 온도가 증가할수록 안정한 운전이 가능하였고 경사도는 4.5도에서 9도사이가 가장 양호했다. 경사가 크고 가열매체 입구온도가 증가할 때 온도진동수는 증가하고 진폭은 감소하고 열전달 효과는 크게 나타났다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.360-369
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• 1992

A heat pump system is constructed to evaluate its performance and heat transfer characteristics with mixtures of R22/R142b as working fluids. The heat transfer in the evaporator and the overall performance are measured and analyzed in terms of the compositions and relevant variables. Possibility of capacity modulation by changing composition is observed without degradation of heat transfer coefficients and coefficient of performance. The cooling capacity is varied continuously within 200 percent based on minimum capacity at constant compressor speed. For similar cooling capacity, COP is improved by mixing two refrigerants and shows maximum value at 60％ mass fraction of R22. Average heat transfer coefficients of mixtures decrease in comparison with pure refrigerants at similar cooling capacity and mass flow rate. However, the overall heat transfer coefficients decrease moderately. A cycle simulation is performed in order to manifest the advantages of using refrigerant mixtures, considering experimentally observed heat transfer characteristics.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.252-259
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• 2001

It is derived for the temperature profile in a cylindrical and planar shape capillary pumped loop evaporators subject to a uniform heat flux prior to the initiation of boiling using the finite difference method. The results of the analysis allow for the determination of applied power levels for which nucleation is likely to occur only within the vapor grooves of the evaporator while maintaining subcooling in the liquid core, thereby increasing the likelihood of a successful startup. Also, limits are found for which additional increases in the applied heat flux do not increase the temperature difference between the vapor grooves and the wick-liquid core interface. Several advantages of larger diameter evaporators observed experimentally in startup are explained and quantified by the model. This analysis is appropriate for standard capillary pumped loop evaporators during a fully-flooded startup as well as starter pump designs and loop heat pipes.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.202-216
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• 1998

A computer simulation for the performance analysis of automobile air conditioning components is carried out for the various operating conditions. The automobile air conditioning system consists of laminated type evaporator, swash plate type compressor, parallel flow type condenser, externally equalized thermostatic expansion valve and receiver drier. The overall heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop in laminated type evaporator were obtained through experiments. In parallel flow type condenser, the performance analysis computer program using the empirical equation for heat transfer coefficient has been developed and the results are compared with experimental results. A model for matching the performance analysis programs of respective components .of automobile air conditioning system is introduced. Further, the effects of varying condenser size and refrigerant charge on the performance of automobile air conditioning system are discussed clearly.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2015

Thermal-fluid analysis is performed numerically to figure out the characteristics of heat transfer in a thermosyphon varying with the aspect ratio of geometry and the filling ratio of working fluid. The computational results are reasonable compared with the experimental data and visualized. The thermal resistance and the convective heat transfer coefficients are evaluated with the aspect ratio of thermosyphon and the filling ratio of working fluid, respectively. In conclusion, the thermal resistance decreases as the length of evaporator increases. However, the variation of a condenser length is nearly independent on the thermal resistance. In order to raise the performance of thermosyphon, the working fluid needs to be filled over 75%. In addition, Nusselt numbers in the evaporator and the condenser show 275 and 304, respectively.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 1994

This work studies for boiling and condensation heat transfer performance of trapezoidally shaped integral-fin tubes having fin densities from 748fpm to 1654fpm. For comparison, tests are made using a plain tube having the same inside and outside diameter as that of the root of fins of finned tubes. Hahne's theoretical model and Webb's theoretical model are used to predict the R-11 boiling heat transfer coefficient and condensing heat transfer coefficient respectively for plain tube and all integral-fin tubes. Experiments are carried out using R-11 as working fluid. This work is limited to film-wise condensation and pool boiling on the outside surface of plain tube and 4 low integral-fin tubes. In case of condensation, the refrigerant condenses at saturation state of 32$^{\circ}C$ on the outside tube surface cooled by coolant and in case of boiling. the refrigerant evaporates at saturation state of 1bar on the outside tube surface. The amount of non-con-densable gases in the test loop is reduced to a negligible value by repeated purging. The actual boiling and condensing processes occur on the outside tube surfaces. Hence the nature of this surface geometry affects the heat transfer performances of condenser and evaporator in refrigerating system. The condensation heat transfer coefficient of integral-fin tube is enhanced by both extended tube surface area and surface tension. The ratio of the condensation heat transfer coefficients of finned to plain tubes is greater than that of surface area of finned to plain tubes, while ratio of the boiling heat transfer coefficient of finned to plain tubes shows reverse result. As a result, low integral-fin tube can be used in condenser more effectively than used in evaporator.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.2358-2372
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• 1993

In this study, the computer modeling for prediction of the performance of fin-tube heat exchanger using alternative refrigerant, HFC-134a was developed and the computer program for calculating the various properties of HFC-134a and the existing refrigerant CFC-12 and HCFC-22 was made. The heat exchanger modeling is based on a tube-by-tube approach, which is capable of analysis for the complex coil array. Performance of each tube is analyzed separately by considering the cross-flow heat transfer with external airstream and the appropriate heat and mass transfer relationships. A performance comparison according to the different refrigerants is provided using this developed model. As the result of this study, total heat transfer rate of evaporator and condenser using HFC-134a were found higher than that of using CFC-12 for the same operating conditions. When the mass flow rate of HFC-134a was less than CFC-12 about 18. 16%, the cooling capacities of evaporator were found to be the same.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.702-708
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• 2006

This study shows the experimental characteristics of the double pipe inserted liquid pipe with small diameter in the gas pipe with large diameter for circulating of a liquid of high temperature, pressure and a gas of low temperature, pressure at the same time. So the functions of pipe and pipe's expansion and heat transfer are presented simultaneously. In the result, the temperature of gas refrigerant at the inlet of compressor increased about $5^{\circ}C$ by the heat transfer with liquid refrigerant in case of the double pipe. And liquid gas refrigerant which the temperature at the inlet of evaporator decreased about $3^{\circ}C$ comparing with the existing type flows into an evaporator COP of the double pipe increased about $7{\sim}10%$ comparing with that of the conventional pipe. And the noise of the double pipe at capillary tube is less than that of the conventional type about 3dB. Consequently. it is convinced the superiority of the double pipe in the heat loss and soundproofing aspect.