• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.426-432
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• 2002

The purpose of the study was to identify the standards of quality management in contract foodservice companies. The subject companies were selected by convenient sampling and surveyed for their standards. The questionnaire consisted of 7 categories: managements of food procurement, menu, production, personnel, equipment, information system, and solid waste. As a result of the study, 60% of the respondents appeared to use standard recipes, 51.5% of them spent 21-30% of the total cost as a labor cost, and 70% were reluctant to answer the food cost. The half of the respondents had job description and specification, 74.76% had training manuals on foodservice and computer software program, and 80.6% had a training program for solid waste management.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2011

This paper proposes a new registry model for systematically referencing standards in e-Business field. We have many systems that provide standards and additional information. However, there are several problems such as inefficient standard information, dependency on a standard type, high standard information acquisition cost, no relations between standard information, and so on. In this paper, a new registry model and its prototype implementation are described. The proposed model is defined based on ISO/IEC 11179-Metadata registries, which is one of the international standards for interoperability between data. The proposed model provides an integrated- systematic standard information support, and also considers technology stack and business processes for e-Business systems. This paper develops a prototype for the proposed model and implementation result. Finally, to show the contribution of our proposal, this paper shows the comparative evaluation between previous systems and our proposal with various comparative items.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2021

This study aimed to ascertain whether electronic courses at the deanship of electronic learning and distance education at Umm Al-Qura University meet the quality standards developed by the Quality Matters (QM) organization. This endeavor adopted a mixed method of an explanatory sequential research design for an in-depth understanding of the topic under scrutiny. The sample of the study consisted of ten courses designed at the deanship and reviewed using an evaluation form. The results showed that the courses in focus did not meet the criteria of QM. Based on this finding, a semi-structured interview was designed to collect relevant data from the syllabus designers at the deanship. The interviews yielded information on the difficulties the course designers faced when designing QM-criteria-based courses. The results obtained from the interviews showed that the designers experienced administrative, technical, and faculty-member-related challenges that, when producing online courses, intercepted their way to achieving the QM standards. The study closed with some recommendations, the most important of which is a call for re-developing online courses in alignment with the well-recognized QM standards.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.494-502
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 문헌 연구, 설문 조사, 교사 면담 등을 통하여 현행 과학과 수업평가(장학) 실태를 진단하고, 과학과 수업평가의 필요성과 그 개선 방안(지향점)을 고찰하였다. 먼저 과학교사들이 경험한 수업평가의 유형, 현행 수업평가 결과의 활용 사례, 교사들이 진단한 현행 수업평가의 문제점 등을 살펴보았다. 현장 교사들은 관리자 중심의 관료적인 수업평가, 보여주기위한 공개 수업용의 수업 평가, 수업이 교사의 개인적인 영역이라는 교사들의 인식, 교사평가에서 낮은 비중을 차지하는 수업평가, 평가자의 비전문성, 객관적이고 전문적인 평가들의 부재 등을 현행 수업평가의 문제점으로 지적하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 형성평가로서의 과학과 수업평가의 필요성을 고찰하고, 바람직한 수업평가의 유형, 주체, 대상 등을 제안하였다. 앞으로 나아갈 길은 행정적 상부구조에서 시작되는 것이 아니라, 교사들 스스로 신뢰할만한 전문직으로서 자신들의 활동을 점검할 기초가 되는 교수활동 기준 개발 및 전문적 학습에 대한 책임을 지는 것이다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.107-127
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdominal surgery patient. The target subjects of the tool were adult patients having abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Process-outcome framework was selected for the development of the tool in this study. The results were as follows. 1. Nine standards. 40 criteria and 88 indicators were developed. A standard was summary statement of the ideal level of excellencein a dimension of quality of nursing care. which could be evaluated by criteria. Several criteria indicated a specific standard and each criterion could be measured by observable and measurable indicators. 2. The standards were divided into two dimensions. One was process dimension which contained four standards(23 criteria), the other was outcome dimension which contatined five standards(17 criteria). 3. Average CVI was .985 at 9 standards. .947 at 40 criteria. and .987 at 88 indicators. 4. The evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdminal surgery patients was a criterion-referenced tool. And data collection methods of the tool were investigation of patient's record and interview( or questionnaire) with the patients. 5. Interrater reliabilities of the tool were ; r= .7572 (agreement between two raters), and pI=.8487 (intraclass correlation between five raters who rated the 84 patients). 6. Internal consistency reliability ${\alpha}$ was .6194, which was obtained from 32 criteria. Eight criteria were missed in the analyzing process because of data omission. 7. Scores of the process and the outcome dimensions showed significant. but low correlation(r= .3759, p < .001). 8. There were significant differences in total scores between the hospitals and the departments of surgery(F = 15.233. p .0001). There was also significant interaction effect between hospitals and departments to total score(F = 8.396. p = .0001). Construct validity of the toool was verified by the known-group method. these kinds of difference were expected by the nursing experts participated in the study. From these results, more specific patient classification is suggested for the development of evaluation tool of the quallity of nursing care. And indicators to be used for objective measurement for the quality of nursing care must be developed.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.317-342
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of foodservice and clinical nutrition management in a hospital-based nutrition department. Nutritional guidelines and survey reports of hospital evaluation programs from 2004 to 2009 were analyzed. In total, 275 hospitals in the first period and 288 hospitals in the second period were evaluated. The division of knife and chopping board use decreased from 97.2% in 2005 to 89.7% in 2008, the maintenance of a proper freezer temperature (below $-18^{\circ}C$) increased from 82.1% in 2004 to 97.7% in 2007 (88.9% to 97.4% from large hospitals and 69.8% to 86.5% from small/medium hospitals in 2005 and 2008, respectively). In tube-feeding management, the performance rate of material cold storage and the offer rate of tube-feeding were 65.9% and 94.2% in 2007, respectively. The cold storage of material, proper use within 24 hours after opening or production, and the use of an appropriate label were 47.3%, 71.2% and 67.2% in 2009, respectively. The rate of a management system for undernourished patients was 86.0% in 2007 (56.4% for large hospitals, 18.9% for small/medium hospitals) and 14.3% in 2009. In standards of nutrition support management, the performance rates of constructing a nutrition support team, the nutrition support team activity, and organizing multidisciplinary team were 66.7%, 43.6%, and 64.1% respectively, in 2004. For large hospitals, those rates were 61.1%, 36.1%, and 58.3%, in 2005, 93.0%, 62.8%, and 91.9% in 2007, and 69.2%, 43.6%, and 69.2% in 2008, respectively. The results of this study suggest standards on sanitary foodservice preparation, production, and tube-feeding production need to correspond with HACCP regulations for small/meidium hospitals in standards of a healthcare accreditation system. It will be necessary to understand the operating conditions of nutrition departments in convalescent hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, and geriatrics hospitals. As the application of accreditation is required from 2013, standards will need to be improved and continuously updated for healthcare accreditation.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.102-112
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• 2024

An organoid is a self-organized three-dimensional structure derived from stem cells that mimics the structure, cell composition, and functional characteristics of specific organs and tissues and is used for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of drugs and the toxicity of industrial chemicals. Organoid technology is a new methodology that could replace testing on animals testing and accelerate development of precision and regenerative medicine. However, large variations in production can occur between laboratories with low reproducibility of the production process and no internationally agreed standards for quality evaluation factors at endpoints. To overcome these barriers that hinder the regulatory acceptance and commercialization of organoids, Korea established the Organoid Standards Initiative in September 2023 with various stakeholders, including industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and standard development experts, through public and private partnerships. This developed general guidelines for organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation and for quality evaluation guidelines for organoid-specific manufacturing for the liver, intestines, and heart through extensive evidence analysis and consensus among experts. This report is based on the common standard guideline v1.0, which is a general organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation to promote the practical use of organoids. This guideline does not focus on specific organoids or specific contexts of use but provides guidance to organoid makers and users on materials, procedures, and essential quality assessment methods at end points that are essential for organoid production applicable at the current technology level.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2011

In this study, we measured the wind data as new and renewable energy resources and carried out the evaluation of uncertainty about these data with the authentic standards. These data collected at the 20 locations in korea. We carried out the processing and evaluation about these data with standards as ISO, GUM, and IEC. Whereby these data become standards data and the credibility are gained. These data include some information as direction, humidity, pressure, temperature, and energy density. The annual average of wind speed(in Hamo) was measured as 9.5m/s, then the uncertainty was evaluated as ${\pm}0.88m/s$. We judge the credibility of data by expression of reliability quantitatively. In additional, the standards data is able to approach anywhere and it will be used to support of related research and industry.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.255-270
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• 2004

미국의 대학평가인정제를 개관하였다. 그리고 2000년을 전후하여 대폭적으로 개정된 여섯 개 지역별 대학평가 인정기준을 대학도서관에 대한 평가기준을 중심으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 여섯 가지 특징적 변화 경향을 파악 하였다. 즉 목적 기반의 평가, 성과 중심의 정성적 평가, 학생의 학습성과 강조, 도서관의 가르치는 역할 강조, 원격교육 서비스 강화, 그리고 규범성과 구체성의 후퇴가 그것이다. 연구자는 이러한 최신 경향에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 우리나라의 대학평가기준 중 도서관 관련 평가항목이 지향해야 할 방향을 제안하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2018

Currently in the drought evaluation, which is a supplier-oriented standard that applies storage rates of reservoirs, evaluation for users that use agricultural water is not done. Therefore, this study established drought evaluation items for drought evaluation based on farmers' judgement, conducted a survey on farmers and experts, compared and analyzed weighted value between two groups, and then classified the evaluation standards per each evaluation item. The agricultural drought evaluation items are 5 major items of water supply lapse rate, agricultural weather, agricultural irrigation facility, crop and soil, and 12 subsections for regional characteristics and opinions of consumers that use water to be reflected. The result of analyzing weighted value of farmers and experts' major items shows that farmers is agricultural irrigation facility(0.219), water supply lapse rate(0.211), agricultural weather(0.204), crop(0.183) and soil(0.183). Experts is agricultural weather(0.297), agricultural irrigation facility(0.202), water supply lapse rate(0.189), crop(0.162) and soil(0.150), which displays difference between the two groups. The agricultural drought criteria standards are established based on precedent studies and cases, and grades of evaluation items are 1st grade(extreme stage), 2nd grade(warning stage), 3rd grade(alert stage) and 4th grade(attention stage). The above analysis per each consumer-oriented agricultural drought evaluation item and the analysis on the standards of evaluation grades are expected to be used as a basic resource for establishing agriculture drought policy and selecting drought area in the future.