• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2015

This study aims to clarify the difference between scores for time management practice and the self-evaluation of time use according to time rules in families. This study used data obtained from the first survey on after-school activities in 2008, conducted by the Benesse Educational Research and Development Institute in Japan. The study sample consists of 3,372 middle school students. First, scores for independence and planning were highest in third grade, yet the score for regularity was also lowest in third grade. There will be different lifestyles even among middle school students of the same grade, so it is necessary to consider their characteristics and family rules. Second, the scores for independence, regularity and planning were lowest in groups whose families had rules about time (time rules for curfew, time rules for watching television, time rules for playing games), but in which those rules were not kept. These results were similar for both boys and girls and show that it is more important keep rules rather than to make rules.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권s01호
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• pp.124-138
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• 1988

This paper comprised a review of published literature dealing with the evaluation of tobacco quality and usability. Evaluation of tobacco quality and usability seems to be difficult not only due to our inability to define them in simple and easily measurable term but also due to their relations to the profitability of tobacco companies and safety of comsumers. Chemical constituents and smoking taste and aroma of the tobacco represent the underlying basis for tobacco quality: however, tobacco is still purchased upon its physical appearance. Grade and value system is very convenient for evaluating the tobacco quality, if the system is based on the triangular relationship of physical appearance, chemical and smoking properties of tobacco, and also based on intrinsic quality of the tobacco independent of external influences. Grade and value system for tobacco in Korea is thought to be influenced by external factors besides intrinsic quality. Therefore, we have to concern new systems that could be supplement to, or replacement for currently available grade and value system.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2003

In this study, the feasibility of magnetic resonance techniques for nondestructive internal quality evaluation of Korean red ginseng was examined. Relaxation time constants were measured using various grades of red ginsengs. Solid state magnetic resonance imaging technique was applied to image dried red ginsengs which have low moisture contents (about 13%). A 7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging system operating at a proton resonant frequency of 300 ㎒ was used for acquiring MR images of dried Korean red ginseng. The comparison test of cross cut digital images and magnetic resonance images of heaven grade, good grade with cavity inside, and good grade with white part inside red ginseng suggested the feasibility of the internal quality evaluation of Korean red ginsengs using MRI techniques. A good grade red ginseng included abnormal tissues such as cavities or white parts inside was observed by the signal intensity of MR image based on magnetic resonance properties of proton nucleus. Analysis on an one dimensional profile of acquired MR image of Korean red ginseng showed easy discrimination of normal and abnormal tissues. MR techniques suggested ways to detect internal defects of red ginsengs effectively.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2014

This research is aimed at analyzing the evaluation for the design and satisfaction/unsatisfaction of the autumn and winter school uniform targeting junior students and sophomore students at academical and vocational high schools located in Ulsan, Korea. For this research, SPSS 12.0 was used to measure the frequency and the t-test analysis of 396 data. The results of this study are as follows. The most important factor of autumn-winter school uniforms was heat-retainment. It was showed significant differences between sphere and grade. They also answered body shape' faults and figure emphasis as the most distressed factors. In the design of the school uniform, It was not show significant differences between sphere and grade. They considered the silhouette when they worn the school uniform as the most important factor. The primary factors in purchasing a uniform appeared to be price. Repair experiences after purchasing a school uniform found to count more among students. Examination about transformed parts of uniforms for the students with experiences in uniform modification showed that many students in the academic sphere modified length and width of upper wears, and length of skirt, while many students in the vocational sphere modified waist and hip. Junior grade than sophomore grade appeared to have modified in all parts.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.117-123
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• 1998

초크랄스키 실리콘 기판의 뒷면에 형성된 기계적 손상이 미치는 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 기계적 손상의 정도는 레이저 여기/극초단파 반사 광전도 감쇠법에 의한 소수반송자 재결합 수명, 광열범위, X-선 단면 측정 및 습식산화/선택적 식각 방법으로 평가하였다. 그 결과, 웨이퍼 뒷면에 가해지는 기계적 손상의 세기가 강할수록 소수반송자 재결합 수명은 짧아지고, 광열 변위의 평균값은 비례적으로 증가하였으며, 손상된 웨이퍼에서 Grade 1의 과잉 광열 변위값을 1로 봤을 때 과잉 광열 변위의 정규화한 상대 정량 비는 Grade 1: Grade 2:Grade 3 = 1:19.6:41이다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2023

기후변화로 이상강우 발생이 증가하고 있으며, 매년 폭우로 인한 피해 강도와 규모가 커지고 있는 실정이다. 또한, 폭우의 발생 빈도가 잦아지면서 폭우가 연속적으로 발생하는 경우도 많아지고, 이로 인해 도심지역에서는 전에는 없던 큰 침수 피해가 발생하고 있다. 하천과 해안 인근 지역이 불투수 지역일 경우에 강우강도가 높아질수록 최대 흐름이 급격히 높아지기 때문에 유역특성을 고려한 종합적인 침수위험도 평가가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 지하철 역사의 침수방지 대책으로 평가요소에 대한 점수를 부여하여 침수위험도 평가를 분석하였다. 종합적인 평가 지수를 고려한 침수 위험도 평가 과정을 거쳐 과거 침수가 발생한 유동인구 및 교통량이 많은 5개의 도시철도역에 대한 침수 위험도 평가를 실시하였다. 이를 종합적으로 분석하여 침수위험 등급(1~4등급)을 설정함으로써 위험등급에 맞는 침수대책을 수립해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2016

Background: Failure to maintain a patent airway can result in brain damage or death. In patients with mandibular prognathism or retrognathism, intubation is generally thought to be difficult. We determined the degree of difficulty of airway management in patients with mandibular deformity using anatomic criteria to define and grade difficulty of endotracheal intubation with direct laryngoscopy. Methods: Measurements were performed on 133 patients with prognathism and 33 with retrognathism scheduled for corrective esthetic surgery. A case study was performed on 89 patients with a normal mandible as the control group. In all patients, mouth opening distance (MOD), mandibular depth (MD), mandibular length (ML), mouth opening angle (MOA), neck extension angle (EXT), neck flexion angle (FLX), thyromental distance (TMD), inter-notch distance (IND), thyromental area (TMA), Mallampati grade, and Cormack and Lehane grade were measured. Results: Cormack and Lehane grade I was observed in 84.2%, grade II in 15.0%, and grade III in 0.8% of mandibular prognathism cases; among retrognathism cases, 45.4% were grade I, 27.3% grade II, and 27.3% grade III; among controls, 65.2% were grade I, 26.9% were grade II, and 7.9% were grade III. MOD, MOA, ML, TMD, and TMA were greater in the prognathism group than in the control and retrognathism groups (P < 0.05). The measurements of ML were shorter in retrognathism than in the control and prognathism groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Laryngoscopic intubation was easier in patients with prognathism than in those with normal mandibles. However, in retrognathism, the laryngeal view grade was poor and the ML was an important factor.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.108-117
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• 1995

The primary purpose of this extensive test effort was to observe real-time operational performance characteristics associated with automotive grade fuel utilized by piston engine powered light aviation aircraft. In fulfillment of this effort, baseline engine operations were established with 100LL aviation grade fuel followed by four blends of automotive grade fuel. A comprehensive sea-level-static test cell/flight test data collection and evaluation effort were conducted to review operational characteristics of a carbureted light aircraft piston engine as related to fuel volatility, fuel temperature, and fuel system pressure. Presented herein are results, data, and conclusions drawn from test cell engine operation as well as flight test operation on 100LL aviation grade and four blends of automotive grade fuel.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.591-595
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• 2002

Three hundred thirty five progeny testing steers of Korean beef cattle were evaluated ultrasonically for back fat thickness (BFT), longissimus muscle area (LMA) and intramuscular fat (IF) before slaughter. Class measurements associated with the Korean yield grade and quality grade were also obtained. Residual standard deviation between ultrasonic estimates and carcass measurements of BFT, LMA were 1.49 mm and $0.96cm^2$. The linear correlation coefficients (p<0.01) between ultrasonic estimates and carcass measurements of BFT, LMA and IF were 0.75, 0.57 and 0.67, respectively. Results for improving predictions of yield grade by four methods-the Korean yield grade index equation, fat depth alone, regression and decision tree methods were 75.4%, 79.6%, 64.3% and 81.4%, respectively. We conclude that the decision tree method can easily predict yield grade and is also useful for increasing prediction accuracy rate.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 2016

자전거 이용 활성화를 위해 자전거도로 이용자의 안전성 및 승차감을 고려한 포장상태 평가 기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 자전거도로는 주행환경의 변화에 민감하게 반응하기 때문에 일반적인 도로에 적용하는 포장상태 평가기준을 도입하기에 무리가 있다. 본 연구에서는 자전거도로에 적합한 새로운 포장상태 평가기준을 제시하였다. 제시된 자전거도로 포장상태 평가기준은 자전거 조사장비(RMSI; Road Monitoring System using ICT)를 통해 측정된 충격가속도 값을 기준으로 5등급으로 구분하였으며, 자전거도로 이용자의 만족도조사를 통해 제시 기준의 타당성을 검토하였다. 제시된 기준의 등급은 포장상태가 매우 양호한 A 등급부터 즉각적인 보수가 필요한 E 등급으로 구분된다. 이용자 만족도조사 결과 A 등급의 경우 91%, E 등급은 95%의 상관성을 보여 만족도조사 결과와 제시된 기준의 상관성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 자전거도로 조사장비를 이용한 자전거도로 유지관리에 상당히 효과적이며 자전거도로 이용자의 안전성 및 주행성을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.