• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.3-26
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• 1996

Epidemiology and preventive medicine are changing together with Population and health and with ever expanding medical and non medical technologies. New technologies make epidemiology methodologically more sophisticated, but such advances risk overshadowing epidemiology's most important role: raising questions, providing answers, and helping the medical decision-making at ail levels of prevention. Epidemiology also plays a major role in the evaluation of new and other technologies whose effectiveness is poorly known. Epidemiological approaches, methods, techniques, and interpretations are widely used in new and rapidly expanding fields of medicine: research evaluation and synthesis (meta-analysis), establishment of guidelines for clinical preventive practices, new medical technology assessment, guidelines for national and international health policies, evidence-based medicine, outcomes research and disease management ('population-based' medicine and quality of care improvement). In the nearest future, infectious and noninfectious diseases may cease to be almost the sole subjects of epidemiology and they may share their place with other mass phenomena of the next millennium, such as medical practices and care, or political, social and economic actions and their consequences. Not only will primary, secondary, and tertiary Prevention will remain in the epidemiological mainstream, but health protection and health promotion will require perhaps a redefinition of epidemiology in these domains. Epidemiology and preventive medicine are both subjects of medical ethics and dilemma for right choices.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.311-319
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• 2015

Purpose: To reilluminate academic fundamentals and missions of child health nursing (CHN). Methods: Critical review of literature. Results & Conclusion: The academic fundamentals of CHN were analyzed for three different basis; philosophical, theoretical, and legal & ethical basis. The philosophical basis of CHN was summarized as six beliefs; A child is an important human resource and a valuable asset for future society; A child should be respected as a unique and dignified human being; A child has his/her own unique developmental needs; A child is a vulnerable client and should be advocated for; Atraumatic care should be provided to each child; Child health care should be family-centered. The essence of the theoretical basis were reilluminated into caring theory and client advocacy theory. The legal basis of CHN was stated as pertaining to the various child-related laws and international conventions, such as UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. The ethical basis were stated as 4 principles of biomedical ethics and The UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights. The mission of the CHN was stated and the role of CHN was described as one who is a child rights advocator, professional caring service provider, policy maker, health educator, researcher.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover attitudes toward organ donation in brain dead donors and nursing ethical values of staff nurses. Method: The subjects were 196 nurses with direct patient care in a university hospital. Data collection was carried out for one month in September, 2008 using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standards deviation, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation with SPSS program. Result: The mean score of a positive attitude toward organ donation in brain dead donors was 3.59 points, and a negative attitude score was 3.02 points. The mean score of nursing ethical value was 3.05 points. The age and the length of career had a reverse correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Nursing ethical values had a positive correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase understanding and recognition of brain death organs donation in the nurses who participate in direct patient care so as to help facilitate organ donation.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.35-51
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide information for research about residents' opinion toward the physical environments of elderly facilities, through the analysis and investigation on the research methodology of foreign academic journal articles from 1990 to 2014. The study results were as follows: Firstly, purposive sampling was a large majority of both facilities and elderly residents. In quantitative studies, many researchers have conducted simple random, cluster, or stratified sampling. Diverse facilities in area, size, location, and etc. should be considered for participation. The qualifications for residents' participation should be considered as well, so that they all could have autonomy for study participation. Secondly, questionnaire and semi-structured guide were likely to be used in independent and resident care facilities. On the other hand in assisted living and long-term care facilities, open questions and visual material were used as well. A compatible scale should be developed so that elderly having variable functional level could participate independently in the study. Thirdly, in data collection process, compliance with research ethics and well trained interviewer's skill were important for residents' active responses and minimization of response errors. Enough research period of time and mixed study in data collection will decrease the response error.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.187-201
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• 1999

A purpose of this study is to provide Rousseau's health theory and health education in 『Emil』. Though Rousseau was not so much a doctor as a philosopher, he was good at health care and health education. After he had thought over healthy children for 20 years, he had written 『Emil』 for 3 years. His health theory was included in the book. He was aware of the importance of mother's milk, clothes, and physical health. Especially, he told mothers to rear a child at the breast. He understood thoroughly the demerits of medicines, and made no account of doctors and medicines. But on the other hand, He emphasized natural healing power in human body. He thought that one oneself was a physician. He thought highly of inner healing. He thought that only hygiene of medicine was useful to mankind. He prescribed that hygiene was a kind of ethics education. Therefore, his hygiene was associated with mental health and moral evaluation. Because many years have passed, today we can not accept all his assertions. But we need to stress preventive medicines, spontaneous healing, and self-care in health education.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2022

The use of animals heavily impacts the mental health of researchers performing the animal experiments. The animal researchers need to take care of animals but also give pain and sacrifice them at the same time. This circumstance can cause a variety of mental stress to the researchers. The stress generated in the laboratory would not only negatively affect the management of animals and the research results, but also would harm the researchers' physical and mental health. Because the feeling of sympathy for animals is a natural feature of humanity, psychological stress following a laboratory animal's death after use is not surprising. It is necessary to revise the relevant laws based on understanding the difficulties of animal researchers in society and to develop related educational programs at the national level to help the psychology and emotions of researchers who conduct animal experiments.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.140-142
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• 2004

As a molecular imaging is the most up-to-date technology in Nuclear Medicine, it has complicate ethical and regulatory problems. For animal experiment, we have to follow institutional animal care committee. for clinical experiment, we have to get approval of Institutional Review Board according to Helsinki declaration. In addition, approval from Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) is essential for manufacturing and commercialization. However, too much regulation would suppress development of new technology, which would result in the loss of national competitive power. In addition, most new radioactive ligands for molecular imaging are administered to human at sub-pharmacological and sub-toxicological level. In conclusion, a balanced regulation is essential for the safety of clinical application and development of new technology.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.599-608
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• 2011

Dentist-patient communication has long been recognized as an important part of dental care. It has many positive outcomes, including reducing patient dental anxiety and increasing patient satisfaction and patient compliance. Above all, the need to communicate through conversation with dentist must be perceived as a basic dental patient's need for good clinical outcomes. In the future, increasing geriatric dental patients will pose challenges to dental profession. Factors influencing dentist-geriatric patient communication should be researched and relevant techniques should be shared among dentists.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2015

The theory of landscape architecture applies environmental ethics in order to secure an ecological status. However, environmental ethics that focus on nature conservation excludes landscape architecture as artifacts. In the process, it is hard to identify what landscape architecture insists on as the middle position between humans and nature. Rather, landscape architecture pretends to be an 'agent of nature' and pushes the traditional moral values 'for people.' Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reestablish the anthropocentrism moral position of landscape architecture through critical analysis. Hargrove's weak anthropocentrism' of several environmental ethics branches accepts natural aesthetics(such as landscape architecture) as an ethical virtue. But environmental ethics makes landscape architecture a critical target. For that reason, this study looked into critical contents and objects that in a position to moral, aesthetic and landscape architecture. Critical details are as follows: First, nature is an absolute as an aesthetic and moral value, but landscape architecture is an imitation and takes a relaxed attitude about nature. Second, nature is full of aesthetic substance because it is self-creative, but landscape architecture is designed nature covered human flaws through imagination. Third, environmental management granting techniques in nature generate a moral nihilism. As an argument, environmental ethics overlooked the moral practices of landscape architecture beyond nature another moral aspect of creation and the imagination-and moral aspects of environmental management as 'care' because they rule out 'moral autonomy' and simplify what is considered 'good.' As a result, conservation cannot be the only virtue why the problem of nature in reality cannot be separated from human life. The moral position of landscape architecture based on a 'good life' is more appropriate under anthropocentrism than as a middle position.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.245-261
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• 2000

Based on the literature, status and role the music therapist in America was reviewed for this study. The process of developing a music therapy program in America suggests to us many things: In America, music therapists have sustained a mutually beneficial status with their clients for, over fifty years. Excellence in academic education and clinical training enable music therapists to continue to provide quality music therapy. The magnitude of change in to music therapy in the United States, however creates the challenge of providing real access to music therapy continues in the future. Music therapy is the use of music in the accomplishment of therapeutic aims: the restoration, maintenance, and improvement of mental and physical health. Music therapists work with individuals of all ages who require special services due to behavioral. social. learning, or physical disabilities. Employment may be in hospitals, clinics, day care facilities, schools, community mental health centers, substance abuse facilities, nursing homes, hospices, rehabilitation centers, correctional facilities, or private practices. The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) was founded in 1998 as a result of a union between the American Association for Music Therapy (founded in 1971) and the National Association for Music Therapy(founded in 1950). Music therapists are highly qualified professionals who have completed approved degree programs and had clinical training in order to receive Board Certification(MT-BC), with the designation of Registered, Certified, or Advanced Certified Music Therapist(RMT. CMT - or ACMT). AMTA provides several mechanism for monitoring the quality of music therapy programs: Standards of Practice. a Code of Ethics, a system for Peer Review, a Judical Review Board, and an Ethics Board. According to the results of this study, the suggestions were as follows: 1. It is concluded that music therapy as a nursing intervention can be effective for the clients. 2. It is a great challenge to develope a music therapy program for nursing intervention however, it is also task and responsibility to further the development of nursing.