• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2005

It is essential to establish the suitable position for artificial maxillary anterior teeth, because of not only esthetics, phonetics, mastication, but also optimal position of artificial posterior teeth for the construction of functional and esthetic prostheses. Anatomic landmarks have been used in the arrangement of artificial teeth. Such as incisive papilla and palatal rugae are useful landmarks for positioning occlusal rim and upper anterior artificial teeth because they are relatively stable and to be identified on master cast. Therefore, if average distance between maxillary anterior teeth and landmarks in dentate subjects are measured and applied, appropriate position of occlusal rim can be initially established. In this study, to present a guide to the position of the occlusal rim for upper anterior teeth of edentulous patients, horizontal distance between anatomic landmarks were measured. Maxillary casts were made in 72 Korean dentate subjects. Horizontal distance between central incisor and incisive papilla, between incisive papilla and intercanine line, and between primary palatine rugae and gingival margin of canine were measured on each cast. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The mean distance from the incisal edge of central incisor to the posterior border of incisive papilla was 12.1 mm (Male 12.2 mm, Female 11.9 mm). 2. The mean distance between posterior border of incisive papilla and intercanine line was 3.5 mm (Male 3.4 mm, Female 3.6 mm / Left 3.6 mm, Right 3.4 mm). 3. The mean distance from the palatal gingival margin of canine to the lateral border of primary palatine rugae was 2.4 mm (Male 2.4 mm, Female 2.4 mm / Left 2.4 mm, Right 2.3 mm). 4. On all measured items, there were no significant differencies in measured values between male and female, and between left and right sides. (P>0.05).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2004

Tooth is the most important element in esthetic consideration on facial area. Tooth alignment which is in harmony with gingiva, lips, and face is also key element. The purpose of this study was to give a clinical discipline for restoration of gingival contour, which contains a ratio of maxillary 6 anterior teeth, research for gingival contour etc., in case of rehabilitation of maxillary anterior teeth. 300 Dankook university dental school students ,who is their twenties and free from periodontitis, participate in this study. The result was from each 70 males and females who had normal occlusion and tooth alignment. Length, width and length/width ratio of maxillary 6 anterior teeth were 0.74-0.81 in male, 0.81-0.84 in female. There was significant difference between male and female. The most deepest position of gingiva in maxillary central incisor and canine was located in distal part of teeth and maxillary lateral incisor was middle portion. In maxillary central incisors, gingival line of the most deepest point appeared significant difference between male and female (p<0.01) whereas there was no difference in lateral incisors and canines. Distance between interdental papilla apex and the most deepest portion appeared significant difference between male and female. Distance of the deepest position of gingiva is statistically significant except maxillary central incisors and lateral incisors. Standard deviation and mean of the width of labio-lingual were measured in cervical area and there was a significant difference both male and female.(p<0.01) From this result, we could get the mean of maxillary anterior gingival line and these results have great value in clinical guidance in studying maxillary anterior teeth.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2018

Background: $Abb{\acute{e}}$ flap technique is one of the most challenging operations to correct horizontal deficiencies in secondary cleft lip deformity. Since its first introduction, the operative method was dynamically modified from simple variation to complete conceptual change, but conventional $Abb{\acute{e}}$ flap has many drawbacks in esthetic and functional aspect. Our purpose was reconstructing the symmetry of Cupid's bow and central vermilion tubercle with minimal sequalae. Methods: From 2008 to 2016, this technique was applied to 16 secondary cleft lip patients who had total or more than 60% of unilateral deficiency of Cupid's bow and central lip or tubercle pouting deficiency. A quadrangular-shaped flap was transferred from vermilion including skin and white line of central or contralateral lower lip. Pedicle division and insetting were made at 9 (unilateral) or 10 (bilateral) days after transfer. Secondary lip revision was done with open rhinoplasty after wound maturation. Results: Overall satisfaction was high with modified technique. Scar was minimally noticeable on both upper and lower lip especially. Balanced Cupid's bow and symmetric vermilion tubercle were made with relatively small size of flap compared to conventional $Abb{\acute{e}}$ flap. An accompanying benefit was reduced ectropion of lower lip, which made balanced upper and lower lip protrusion with more favorable profile. Conclusion: A new modified $Abb{\acute{e}}$ flap technique showed great satisfaction. It is worth considering in secondary cleft lip patient who has central lip shortage and asymmetry of upper lip vermilion border line. Our technique is one of the substitutes for correction of horizontal and central lip deficiency with asymmetric Cupid's bow.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.216-228
• /
• 2010

Recently, there is a new issue, among the contemporary people, for new life style, such as green design and well being. This trend brought up the necessity that there should be alternatives for interior spatial design. In order to catch up with these new issues, the new convenient and environment friendly methods are in need. Space composition using setting-up is skill that can express both the structural aspect and esthetic because it represents traditional beauty into the contemporary age through the structural rigidity and formal beauty. Also the lumber, as main materials for setting up, is in line with well being life style and environment friendliness. The construction of structure by setting-up has advantages in terms of the reuse and the convenience in that the construction of structure is adjustable according to environment. And setting-up has enough plasticity not only because of its own role as linking the objects but also because of being framed by itself. Therefore setting-up will be a design element, if it is expressed outward. Thus, this study aims to give a guide line about how to apply the result from the evaluating that "what is the most suitable setting-up" and "what is the most suitable detail setting-up", based on that structural rigidity, decorativeness and the ease of works. As a result of evaluation, the most excellent types of setting-up in terms of structural rigidity are "Jangbu" and "Panjae" and "Yeongui". The most excellent types of setting-up in terms of decorativeness are "Panjae" and "Yeongui", and the most excellent type of the ease of work is "Mat". And also the most applicable detail setting-up for the utilization of spatial composition is proposed.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 1996

이 연구는 악안면 영역의 심미적 개선에 필요한 미소의 형태에 대한 기준을 설정하기 위하여 시행하였다. 성인 정상교합자 62명(남자;30명, 평균연령;22.7세, 여자;32명, 평균연령;21.8세)을 대상으로 안정위시와 미소시의 얼굴 정면 사진을 촬영하였고, 미소시 입술의 형태변화, 그리고 입술과 치아와의 관계를 계측, 분석하였다. 이 연구로 부터 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 하순 상연의 만곡과 상악 절단연과의 평행관계인 smile line ratio는 0.09이었고, buccal corridor ratio는 0.63, smile symmetry ratio는 0.96이었다. 2. 미소시 양 구각주 간의 거리는 안정위시 구각부 간 거리의 1.31배였으며, 얼굴 폭의 0.48배였다. 3. 미소시 상순의 수직길이는 안정위시 길이의 0.69배였고, 하순의 수직길이는 안저위시 길이의 0.96배였다. 4. 상악 전치의 노출량은 9.96mm이었고, 상악 전치의 노출은 미소시 상순의 수직길이의 변화율이 었고, 미소시 구각부 길이의 비, buccal corridor ratio등과 관계 깊었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.353-359
• /
• 1999

Purpose : A new method of lateral cephalometric analysis for midface, focusing on zygomatic bone, was created in this study, and measured in Korean adults. The purposes of this study are understanding about new approach for midfacial depression, especially zygomatic bone, and using to make adequate diagnosis and treatment plan. Materials and methods : In this study, esthetic Korean adults, 25 males and 25 females who were between $0^{\circ}$ and $4^{\circ}$ in ${\angle}ANB$, and between 62% and 70% in P/A facial height ratio, and had normal overbite and overjet, were used. Orbitale(Or) and Soft tissue orbitale(Or') were used for indicators of anteroposterior position of zygomatic area. And, mean value and standard deviation of linear and angular measurements, and ratio about each linear measurements, were obtained. then, standard deviation diagram - wiggle diagram - was made for visualization of results. Results : Mean values, standard deviations and ranges of 19 measurements were obtained, and among them, 5 linear measurements that had large standard deviation were excluded and the others were used for making standard deviation diagram. In standard deviation diagram, the following results were obtained. 1. If the measurements are located on more left side of mean-value-vertical -line, the potential of midfacial hypoplasia are stronger, especially zygomatic area. 2. If the measurements are located on more right side of mean-value-vertical-line, the potential of midfacial hypoplasia are decreased. Conclusion : This study presented a new method of lateral cephalometric analysis focusing on zygomatic bone in Korean adults. We expect that the results of this study can be used as parameter when clinicians make decisions about diagnosis and treatment plan for rehabilitation of esthetics and function. But, it is necessary to prove its usefulness, and to further evaluate the results.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 2004

천연물로부터 치은에 생성되는 멜라닌의 양을 효과적으로 조절하여 치은 미백을 목표로 하는 물질을 분리하고자 문헌에 소개되고 있는 미백 효과를 가진 전통한약을 비롯하여, 민간에서 사용되고 있는 약 100여 종의 고등식물을 대상으로 B-16 mouse melanoma cell lines에서 melanin 생성 억제 효과를 screening하였다. 그 결과 천궁의 methylene chloride 분획에서 활성을 나타내어 실험재료로 선택하여 2개의 화합물을 분리하였으며 각종 spectral data를 검토하여 linoleic acid methyl ester(1), 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-stearoyl glycerol(2)로 구조를 규명하였다. 이들 화합물은 B-16 mouse melanoma cell lines에서의 melanin 생성억제 활성을 Kojic acid를 비교 물질로하여 측정하였다. 2종의 화합물 중 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-stearoyl glycerol은 높은 활성을 보이지 않았으나 linoleic acid methyl ester는 Kojic acid에 비하여 강한 활성을 나타내었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this article is to present the clinical and laboratory procedures for single tooth restoration using 'Combination Implant Crown'. It is cemented on implant abutment and that abutment is screw-retained over implant body. This type of implant restorations has the advantages of cement-retained restoration while being antirotational and retrievable. And, more esthetic and functional result can be achieved by minimizing the size of access hole. The results were as follows : 1. Preparation of abutment below the cuff line should be avoided 2. Axial reduction of implant abutment should not be excessive because it may weaken the abutment 3. More esthetical and functional occlusal surface was achieved with a minimal access hole which is slightly larger than the diameter of hex driver to enable future total retrievability. 4. Combination Implant Crown has the advantages of both the cement-retained and screw-retained type implant restoration. 5. Cementation between implant crown and abutment reduces screw loosening through even force distribution

• 복식
• /
• 제66권5호
• /
• pp.16-32
• /
• 2016

This study examines music visualization characteristics appearing in Giorgio Armani's S/S 2000 Collection and Genny's F/W 2000 Collection, which elicited and reinterpreted the characteristics through an analysis of Kandinsky's paintings. Study results are as follows. First, music visualization characteristics were extracted through an analysis of Kandinsky's works to examine music visualization that appears in contemporary fashion. Further analysis of Kandinsky's works were done in regards to music visualization (Impression, Improvisation, and Composition), and music visualization characteristics were categorized into 'spatial element', 'mobility', and 'overlap'. Second, the analysis of contemporary fashion with a spatial component showed that space was often clothed through color contrasts that highlighted concise and playful effects. Emphasis on line and three-dimensional effects were shown by overlapping lines and costume pleats with exposure expressed by semiotic forms and fabric character4istics. Third, the analysis of clothes that express mobility shows that they commonly express mobility through free color arrangements and a shading of colors with playfulness. The effects of emphasis, uniformity, and exposure were shown through the gloss and transformation of fabric that emphasized fabric characteristics; in addition, the effect of simplicity, three-dimensionality, and uniformity were expressed by adopting the forms of geometric shapes. Fourth, the analysis of clothes that manifest the overlap showed a predominant overlapping of colors and fabric. The esthetic effects of playfulness and exposure were emphasized through colors, shapes, and lines.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 1999

The need for reconstruction of large bone, soft tissue defect of mandible has greater emphasis due to development of industry, traumatic accident and increase of tumor. The mandibular reconstruction had greatly progressed through the first and the second World Wars. The Fibular free flap by using microscope was reported in 1970 and many maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons had used. In 1988, Dr. Hidalgo first reported mandibular reconstruction by using fibular free flap. Mandibular reconstruction by using fibular free flap has several advantages. First, it provides up to 25 cm of bone, enough to reconstruct any length of mandible defect. Second, a skin island, based on a septocutaneous blood supply, is available in a size large enough to simultaneously reconstruct internal and external soft tissue defect. Third, The fibular donor site morbidity is low, fourth, it provides a esthetic effect of mandible line. And finally bone viability is good. The Fibular osteocutaneous free flap was performed after COMMANDO operation due to squamous cell cancer in oral cavity (15 cases). Therefore we report out successful operation of the mandible reconstruction by using fibular osteocutaneous free flap.