• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.159-163
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• 1995

Double aortic arch is the most common among vascular structure anomalies in infancy. It's clinical manifestations vary from incidental discovery without symptoms to symptoms of tracheal or esophageal compression such as stridor, wheezing, excessive secretion, dyspnea and dysphagia. Characteristically many patients show little sign of respiratory difficulty during sleep and quiet monents but this symptom is frequently exacerbated by crying or exertion, which may be difficult to distinguish from bronchial asthma. CT and MRI are believed to be the most valuable methods of diagnosis and surgical intervention is necessary in severe cases. Recently, we experienced a case of dyspnea due to double aortic arch. So we report this case with review of literatures.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1977.06a
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• pp.9.3-9
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• 1977

Achalasia is the disease of nonorganic obstruction of the cardia associated with dilatation of the esophagus, and of unknown etiology characterized by failure of relaxation of the inferior esophageal sphincter and lack of normal peristalsis in the body of the esophagus. This disorder is primarily one of neuromuscular dysfunction, most probably due to a central nervous system lesion with consequent nerve, ganglion and muscle degeneration. The characteristic symptoms are dysphagia, regurgitation and epigastric pain etc. We have experienced a case of Achalasia in 43 aged female with good results by daily mercury bougienage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.811-815
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• 1989

Six cases of achalasia were treated by modified Hellers operation at the department of thoracic % cardiovascular surgery of Kosin medical college from April 1984 to July 1988. Among 6 cases, 4 were male and 2 were female. Preoperative main symptoms were dysphagia in 5 cases and regurgitation in 1 case, its duration was variable from 1.5 years to 40 years. Esophagocardiomyotomy was perfomed in all cases, and the results were excellent to good, but reoperation was needed in one case due to incomplete myotomy. One case of advanced achalasia was also experienced and the result was satisfactory. Antireflux procedures were not performed in all cases and there was no reflux esophagitis on follow-up study.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2016

Neurogenic tumors are the most prevalent tumors of the mediastinum, and schwannomas are the most common type of neurogenic tumor. Primary neurogenic neoplasm of the esophagus is uncommon and malignant schwannoma of the esophagus is extremely rare. We report a case of a 27-year-old female presenting with dysphagia and palpitations who was found to have a lobulated tumor in the mediastinum that was compressing the esophageal lumen. The tumor was successfully treated surgically without recurrence. The final diagnosis, on histopathological examination of the specimen, was malignant schwannoma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.482-487
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• 2001

A pancreatic pseudocyst with a mediastinal extension is a rare clinical entity. Intrathoracic symptoms such as dysphagia or dyspnea due to compression or associated pleural effusions are quite common. The pseudocysts transverse the diaphragm via the esophageal hiatus or aortic hiatus or by eroding directly through the diaphragm. Here, we report a case of a pancreatic pseudocyst with a mediastinal extension presenting as dysphagia and dyspnea. The diagnosis was confirmed by computerized axial tomography of the chest and abdomen. Usually, the proper management of a large pseudocyst includes percutaneous or surgical internal drainage, but in this case the mediastinal components disappeared with conservative medical treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

We retrospectively analyzed 54 patients with esophageal cancer treated surgically between 1992 and 1996. They composed of 51(94.4%)men, 3(5.6%)women, and the age ranged from 42 to 78, the mean was 58.7$\pm$8.37. Symptoms were varied with dysphagia(72.2%), epigastric discomfort(16.6%), chest pain (5.6%), and so on(5.6%). Transthoracic esophagectomy(TTE) with esophagogastrostomy was done in 36 case, TTE with esophagocologastrostomy in 4 case, and transhiatal esophagectomy(THE) with esophagogastrostomy in 14 case. The operative mortality was 12.9%(7/54); 6 underwent TTE with esophagogastrostomy, and 1 underwent TTE with esophagocologastrostomy. Postoperative complications were of anastomotic leakage in 7 case, wound infection in 10 case, anastomotic stricture in 9 case, vocal cord paralysis in 2 case, bronchial tearing in 1 case, and pneumothorax in 3 case. Locations of esophageal cancer were upper thoracic esophagus in 4 case, middle thoracic esophagus in 34 case and lower thoracic esophagus in 16 case. Histological types were adenocarcinoma in 1 case and squamous cell carcinoma in 53 case. During the follow-up period, 25 cases died. Cumulative survival rate was 52.7% in 1 year, 45.5% in 2 year, 45.5% in 3 year, 45.5% in 4 year, 45.5% in 5 year.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 1987

From March, 1983 to March, 1987, 16 patients with esophageal steno-obstruction due to nonesophageal tumors were treated in the Division of Therapeutic Radiology, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College. The patient characteristics, effect of radiotherapy (XRT) on esophageal steno-obstruction and survival were evaluated. The most common primary tumor was lung cancer (14/16) and the middle third of the esophagus was most frequently involved (14/16). Improved clinical response was observed in $80\%$ of the patients who finished the planned courses of XRT. The mean radiation dose evoking the improvement of dysphagia was 2,993 cGy given over a period of 3 to 4 weeks. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival at 15 and 30 weeks of follow-up were $60\%$ and $46\%$, respectively. In the completed group who finished the whole planned courses of XRT, survival rates were $77\%\;and\;51\%$, respectively. Four patients were alive over 90 weeks with normal passage of food.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.7 s.252
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• pp.514-517
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• 2005

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is documented on every part of the gastrointestinal tract. It develops in the stomach and the small intestine most commonly, and also in the esophagus. A 44 year-old male patient was admitted due to dysphagia and weight loss. Chest CT showed about $15\times11\times11cm$ sized, well-defined, and lobulated soft tissue mass with central necrosis was noted in the posterior wall of lower esophagus throughout the lesser curvature of upper stomach. We performed the distal esophagectomy and total gastrectomy using thoracoabdominal incision. The tumor was positive at CD117 (c-kit) and CD 34, and was diagnosed as malignant GIST of the distal esophagus and upper stomach. The patient is on routine follow up at the out patient department for nineteen months up to now.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2000

Purpose :We peformed the retrospective analysis to find the outcome of external beam radiotherapy alone in advanced esophageal cancer patients. Methods and Materials : One hundred and six Patients treated with external beam radiotherapy alone between July 1990 and December 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. We limited the site of the lesions to the thoracic esophagus and cell type to the squamous cell carcinoma. Follow-up was completed in 100 patients (94$\%$) and ranged from 1 month to 92 months (median; 6 months). Results :The median age was 62 years old and male to female ratio was 104 2. Fifty-three percent was the middle thorax lesion and curative radiotherapy was peformed in 83$\%$. Mean tumor dose delivered with curative aim was 58.6 Gy (55$\~$70.8 Gy) and median duration of the radiation therapy was 53 days. The median survival of all patients was 6 months and )-year and 2-year overall survival rate was 27$\%$ and 12$\%$, respectively, Improvement of dysphagia was obtained in most patients except for 7 patients who underwent feeding gastrostomy. The complete response rate immediately after radiation therapy was 32$\%$ (34/106). The median survival and 2-year survival rate of the complete responder was 14 months and 30$\%$ respectively, while those of the nonresponder was 4 months and 0$\%$ respectively (p=0.000). The median survival and 2-year survival rate of the patients who could tolerate regular diet was 9 months and 16$\%$ while those of the patients who could not tolerate regular diet was 3 months and 0$\%$, respectively (p=0.004). The survival difference between the patients with S cm or less tumor length and those with more than 5 cm tumor length was marginally statistically significant (u=0,06). However, the survival difference according to the periesophageal invasion or mediastinal tyrnphadenopathy in the chest CT imaging study was not statistically significant in this study. In a multivariate analysis, the statistically significant covariates to the survival were complete response to radiotherapy, tumor length, and initial degree of dysphagia in a decreasing order. The complication was observed in 10 patients (9$\%$). Conclusion :The survival outcome for advanced esophageal cancer patients treated by external beam radiotherapy alone was very poor. In the treatment of these patients, the brachytherapy and chemotherapy should be added to improve the treatment outcome.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.12 s.257
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• pp.870-872
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• 2005

Bronchogenic cysts are anomalous cystic lesions of foregut and usually located in the lung or mediastinum. Generally intramuscular cysts of the esophagus are considered as enterogenous foregut malformations. We report a young adult with an intramural bronchogenic cyst causing dysphagia and heartburn. It was located in the muscular layer of the esophagus and was removed without any damage to the mucosa. Histopathologic findings revealed that it was a bronchogenic cyst.