• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1936-1941
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• 2010

This purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology for optimal generating operation in power system to minimize the cost of generation subject to not only system constraints but also regional $CO_2$ emission constraints. To solve this ELD problem calculated range limit on minimum and maximum power outputs by regional Equal Generator how each regional capacity is connected into one and expressed Equal Fuel Cost Function considering regional $CO_2$ emission constraints. Accordingly, being modified regional load, new power outputs considering regional $CO_2$ emission constraints were calculated by ELD. The proposed model for evaluating availability is tested on IEEE RTS(Reliability Test System)-24 in detail.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.181-194
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• 1984

The in-core fuel management problem was studied by use of the calculus of variations. Two functions of interest to a public power utility, the profit function and the cost function, were subjected to the constraints of criticality, the reactor turnup equations and an inequality constraint on the maximum allowable power density. The variational solution of the initial profit rate demonstrated that there are two distinct regions of the reactor, a constant power region and a minimum inventory or flat thermal flux region. The transition point between these regions is dependent on the relative importance of the profit for generating power and the interest charges for the fuel. The fuel cycle cost function was then used to optimize a three equal volume region reactor with a constant fuel enrichment. The inequality constraint on the maximum allowable power density requires that the inequality become an equality constraint at some points in the reactor. and at all times throughout the core cycle. The finite difference equations for reactor criticality and fuel burnup in conjunction with the equality constraint on power density were solved, and the method of gradients was used to locate an optimum enrichment. The results of this calculation showed that standard non-linear optimization techniques can be used to optimize a reactor when the inequality constraints are properly applied.