• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 1999

Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an integral membrane protein with six transmembrane domains, which is essential for EBV-induced B cell transformation. LMP1 functions as a constitutively active tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) like membrane receptor, whose signaling requires recruitment of TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs) and leads to NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. NF-${\kappa}B$ activation by LMP1 is critical for B cell transformation and has been linked to many phenotypic changes associated with EBV-induced B cell transformation. Deletion analysis has identified two NF-${\kappa}B$ activation regions in the carboxy terminal cytoplasmic domains of LMP1, termed CTAR1 (residues 194-232) and CTAR2 (351-386). The membrane proximal C-terminal domain was precisely mapped to a PXQXT motif (residues 204-208) involved in TRAF binding as well as NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. In this study, we dissected the CTAR2 region, which is the major NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling effector of LMP1, to determine a minimal functional sequence. A series of LMP1 mutant constructs systematically deleted for the CTAR2 region were prepared, and NF-${\kappa}B$ activation activity of these mutants were assessed by transiently expressing them in 293 cells and Jurkat T cells. The NF-${\kappa}B$ activation domain of CTAR2 appears to reside in a stretch of 6 amino acids (residues 379-384) at the end of the carboxy terminus.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7459-7465
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• 2014

Background: A prior study showed blood type A/AB to be associated with an increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared to subjects with blood type O. However, the relationship between ABO blood groups and prognosis of NPC patients is still questionable. In addition, whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with prognosis of NPC patients with different ABO blood groups is unclear. Materials and Methods: We conducted univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses based on a consecutive cohort of 1,601 patients to investigate the above issues. Results: There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between different ABO blood groups (p=0.629), neither between A vs. non-A blood groups (p=0.895) nor AB vs. non-AB blood group (p=0.309) in univariate analyses and after adjusting for other factors. Interaction tests revealed that high immunoglobulin A against Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen (VcA-IgA) level was associated with a favorable prognosis in male patients with UICC stage II disease who had an A blood type (p=0.008), compared with those with non-A blood type. In addition, male patients with an A blood group with a high blood lymphocyte level showeda tendency towards better survival in UICC stage III (p=0.096). Conclusions: ABO blood group status is not associated with the prognosis of patients with NPC. Additionally, blood group A male NPC patients with high VcA-IgA level or high blood lymphocyte counts might be correlated with a favorable prognosis in UICC stage II or III, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.4927-4935
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• 2015

Northeastern India is a major nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) high risk-area although the rest of the country has very low incidence. A case-control study of 105 NPC cases and 115 controls was conducted to identify the potential risk factors for NPC development in this region. Information was collected by interviewer about socio-demographic characteristics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary history, occupational history, and a family history of cancer. Epstein-Barr viral load was assayed from the blood DNA by real time PCR. Associations between GSTs genotypes, cytochrome P450 family including CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and CYP2A6 polymorphisms and susceptibility to relationship between the diseases were studied using PCR-RFLP assay. Results indicate that Epstein-Barr virus load was significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p<0.0001). Furthermore, concentration of blood EBV-DNA was significantly higher in advanced stage disease (Stage III and IV) than in early stage disease (Stage I and II) (p<0.05). Presence of CYP2A6 variants that reduced the enzyme activity was significantly less frequent in cases than controls. Smoked meat consumption, exposure to smoke, living in poorly ventilated house and alcohol consumption were associated with NPC development among the population of Northeastern India. Thus, overall our study revealed that EBV viral load and genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6 along with living practices which include smoked meat consumption, exposure to smoke, living in poorly ventilated houses and alcohol consumption are the potential risk factors of NPC in north eastern region of India. Understanding of the risk factors and their role in the etiology of NPC are helpful forpreventive measures and screening.

• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한두경부종양학회 1992년도 제9차 학술대회 연제순서 및 초록집
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• pp.134.2-135
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• 1992

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.81-82
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• 2002

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2016

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) plays a pivotal in an EBV episome replication and persistence. Despite considerable attempts, there are no EBV drugs or vaccines. We attempted to eradicate EBV episomes by targeting EBNA1 using the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) (E1TN). E1TN-mediated transient knockout (KO) of EBNA1 reduced EBNA1 expression, and caused significant loss of EBV genomes and progressive death of EBV-infected cells. Furthermore, when a mixture of EBV-infected Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells and EBV-negative BL cells was targeted by E1TN, EBV-negative cells were counter-selected while most EBV-infected cells died, further substantiating that EBNA1 KO caused selective death of EBV-infected cells. TALEN-mediated transient targeting of EBNA1 attenuated the growth of EBV-infected cells, implicating a possible therapeutic application of E1TN for EBV-associated disorders.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2000

The extracts of Carica papaya (flower), Barringtonia macrostachya (leaves), Coleus tuberosus (tuber), Mangifera indica (fruit skin) and Eugenia polyantha (leaves) showed strong in vitro anti-tumor promoting activity when assayed using Raji cells (Mooi et al., 1999). The antitumor promoting activity of the crude extracts was further analyzed by immunoblotting analysis of Raji cells carving Epstein-Barr virus genome. The expression of early antigens diffuse (EA-D) and early antigens restricted (EA-R) was determined by performing western blotting of treated Raji cells with human sera of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. All the plant extracts were shown to be able to suppress both EA-D and EA-R.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2023

Peri-implantitis is a disease affecting the tissue surrounding dental implants, destroying both soft and hard tissues. A total of 2,015 studies were collected by searching items in the National Library of Medicine, including keywords, such as "peri-implantitis," "microbiota," and "microbiome." Of them, 62 studies were screened and considered eligible for analysis. Only 16 studies qualified all criteria mentioned here: "Using PCR methods for microorganism detection," "Suggesting quantified results," "Stating obvious clinical diagnosis criteria ("Bleeding on probing," "Probing pocket depth," "Suppuration," and "Radiographic bone loss")." Only 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis because the others had special issues. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Epstein-Barr virus were the microbiological subjects of analysis. The odds ratio (OR) between the healthy implants and peri-implantitis were calculated for each microorganism to compare two groups, and the forest plots were suggested as the visual materials. P. gingivalis (1.392 < OR < 2.841), T. forsythia (1.345 < OR < 3.221), T. denticola (2.180 < OR < 5.150), A. actinomycetemcomitans (1.975 < OR < 6.456), P. intermedia (1.245 < OR < 3.612), and Epstein-Barr virus (1.995 < OR < 9.383). The species showed that their 95% confidence interval of odds ratio was higher than 1, indicating that they were detected more frequently in periimplantitis than in healthy implants. Meanwhile, other species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococcus aureus, were not included in the meta-analysis because the number of studies was insufficient.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2003

목 적 : EBV는 전 세계적으로 다양한 질환을 일으키고, EBV는 지역과 EBV에 노출된 사람의 면역 또는 병적 상태에 따라 감염형이 달라 EBV 감염형에 관한 연구는 EBV의 역학연구와 EBV 관련 질환의 병인연구에 제일 기본적이다. EBV의 잠복감염 유전인자들에 의한 세포독성 T 림프구 면역상태는 EBV에 의한 다양한 질환의 병인적 역할이 있으며 HLA에 의하여 유발되어지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 과거에 시행한 많은 연구에서 EBV 감염과 HLA형과의 연관성은 객관적으로 입증되지 않았으나, HLA II형에 속한 항원이 EBV의 인체 내 침투에 관여한다는 사실이 최근에 보고됨으로써 이에 대한 관심이 재조명되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 EBV 감염에 의한 국내 급성 전염성 단핵구증 환아에서 주된 EBV 감염형의 분포를 확인하고, 급성 전염성 단핵구증의 발생이 HLA형과 연관성이 있는 지를 분자생물학적 분류법으로 알아보고자 이 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 연구 대상은 6세에서 13세 사이의 급성 전염성 단핵구증으로 확진된 24명의 환아 이었다. 감염형의 비교 대조군은 건강한 정상 소아 중 면역혈청학적 검사로 EBV 노출이 확인된 동일한 연령의 58명이었고, HLA형 분류의 비교 대조군은 연구대상 환아와 동일한 연령의 정상 소아 200명을 대상으로 실시하였다. EBV에 의한 급성 전염성단핵구증 환아에서 중합 효소 연쇄반응법으로 EBV 감염형을 분류하여 주된 감염형을 확인하고, ARMs PCR법으로 HLA-A, B, C 항원형을, PCR-SSOP법으로 HLA-DRB 항원형을 분류하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결 과 : 1) EBV 감염형 결과 : 연구 대상 환아 24명에서 EBV A형이 20명(83.3%)이었고, B형은 4명(16.7%)이었다. 비교 대조군의 경우에는 58명 중 14명(24.1%)이 EBV가 검출되고 이들 중 A형은 11명(78.6%)이었고, B형이 3명(21.%)이었다. 2) HLA 형 분류 결과 : HLA I형 결과는 HLA-A24형에서 비교 대조군 200명 소아 중 69명이 양성이었고, 연구 대상 환아 24명 중 14명이 양성을 보여 RR치가 3.5724, chi-square치가 5.26, P<0.05으로 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 그러나 HLA-B, C항원형에서는 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 없었다. HLA II형 결과는 HLA-DRB1*07형에서 비교 대조군 200명 소아 중 18명이 양성이었고, 연구 대상 환아 24명 중 8명이 양성을 보여 RR치가 5.6173, chi-square치가 9.73, P<0.01로 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 결 론 : 위의 연구 결과를 통하여 국내 급성 전염성 단핵구증 환아의 EBV 감염형은 정상 비교 대조군의 소아에서 주된 감염형인 A형과 동일한 감염형임을 확인하였다. 그리고 HLA형 연구에서 HLA-A24형과 HLA-DRB1*07형이 정상 대조군과 비교하여 통계적 유의성을 보여 EBV에 의한 급성 전염성단핵구증 발생이 HLA형과 연관성이 있음을 추정하였다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2020

목적: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)는 초감염 연령이 사회, 문화 및 경제적인 환경에 따라 다르게 나타나며, 이에 따른 임상 양상도 다르다. 우리나라도 점차 EBV 감염의 발생 시기가 늦어짐에 따라 초감염시 전형적인 양상의 전염성 단핵구증 임상증상을 보이는 환자들의 수가 증가하고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 전 연령의 EBV 항체검사 결과를 분석함으로써 현재 우리나라 항체 보유율 현황을 파악하는 것이다. 방법: 2000년부터 2017년까지 삼성서울병원에서 EBV 항체검사를 시행한 전 연령의 환자들의 성별, 거주지, 검사 시행 당시 환자의 나이 및 검사 시행 년도에 따른 항체 양성률을 분석하였다. EBV-viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG 혹은 EBV-VCA IgM이 양성인 경우를 항체 보유율이 양성인 환자로 분류하였다. 결과: 전체 환자 26,527명을 대상으로 한 EBV 항체 양성률은 81.0% (21,485/26,527)였으며 0-9세의 EBV 항체 양성률이 44.4% (2,716/6,122), 10-19세의 경우 75.8% (2,077/2,739), 만 20세 이후부터는 94.5% (16,692/17,666)이상으로 확인되었다. 검사 시행 시기에 따라 EBV 항체 양성률의 변화는 2000-2008년에 비해 2009-2017년 사이의 항체 양성률이 89.4%, 76.2%로 통계학적으로 유의미하게 감소하였다(P<0.001). 특히 0-19세 사이의 소아청소년의 경우 2000-2008년에 비해 2009-2017년 사이의 EBV 항체 양성률이 두드러지게 감소하였다(0-9세: 2000-2008년 62.8% [1,172/1,866], 2009-2017년 36.3%[1,544/4,256]; 10-19세: 2000-2008년 83.8% [745/858], 2009-2017년 70.8% [1,332/1,881]) (P<0.001). 결론: 2000년 이후 전체 인구의 EBV 항체 보유율은 81.0%로 높게 유지되고 있으나, 초감염이 발생하는 소아청소년기의 항체 보유율은 감소추세를 보이고 있어 EBV 초감염이 발생하는 연령이 늦어지고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 EBV 초감염 발생 연령의 증가에 따른 청소년 및 젊은 성인에서의 전염성 단핵구증과 같은 임상 양상 발현에 대한 관심이 필요하다.