• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6569-6573
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• 2015

Objective: To evaluate the application value of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer cases treated with concurrent chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: 52 patients with pancreatic cancer, 40 with benign pancreatic diseases and 40 healthy people were selected. The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for detecting levels of CA19-9, CEA and CA125, and a CanAg CA242 enzyme linked immunoassay kit for assessing the level of CA242. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for analyzing the prognostic factors of patients with pancreatic cancer. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied for analyzing the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidential interval (CI) for survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: The levels of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy people (P<0.001). The sensitivity of CA19-9 was the highest among these, followed by CA242, CA125 and CEA. The specificity of CA242 is the highest, followed by CA125, CEA and CA19-9. The sensitivity and specificity of joint detection of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125and CA242 were 90.4% and 93.8%, obviously higher than single detection of those markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The median survival time of 52 patients with pancreatic cancer was 10 months (95% CI7.389~12.611).. Patients with the increasing level of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125, CA242 had shorter survival times (P=0.047. 0.043, 0.0041, 0.029). COX regression analysis showed that CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer (P=0.001, 95%CI 2.591~38.243). Conclusions: The detection of serum tumor markers (CA19.9, CEA, CA125 and CA242) is conducive to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and joint detection of tumor markers helps improve the diagnostic efficiency. Moreover, CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.537-543
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• 2010

도파민은 카테콜아민류의 중요한 신경전달물질로서 부족하면 파킨스병과 정신분열증 등을 야기할 수 있다. 그러므로 조작이 비교적 간단하면서 감도가 우수한 분석법의 개발이 필요하다. 이에, 도파민에 대한 경쟁적인 효소면역분석법이 연구되었다. 경쟁적인 면역분석법의 분석감도는 일반적으로 두가지 요소에 의해 조절된다. 하나는 경쟁자의 특성과 농도이며, 다른 하나는 결합체, 즉 항체의 그것이다. 따라서, 경쟁자인 BSA-DA과 결합체인 항체-avidin 접합체의 최적화가 수행되었다. 두 접합체는 SATA와 SMCC를 이용한 dual heterobifunctional coupling법에 의해 합성되었으며, 최적화 과정을 통해 BSA-DA 접합체의 농도는 $6.66\;{\mu}g/mL$, 항체-avidin 접합체의 농도 $4.17{\times}10^{-10}\;M$로 결정되었다. 도파민에 대한 doseresponse curve와 calibration curve의 결과로써 도파민에 대한 검출 한계는 $2.3{\times}10^{-2}\;{\mu}g/mL$ 이고 검출 영역은 $1.0{\times}10^{-3}\;M\sim1.0{\times}10^{-7}\;M$ 이다. 직선성을 갖는 검출영역에서의 검정선을 얻은 결과 [Absorbance = -0.1098 log[DA]+0.0353 ($R^2$ = 0.9956)] 우수한 직선관계를 얻었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1997

전립선특이 항원 (PSA: Prostate Specific Antigen)은 전립선 세포에서 분비되는 단백질로서 장기 특이성이 높아 전립선암의 조기진단 및 치료의 예후를 판단하기 위해 임상에서 널리 사용되고 있는 혈청 종양표지검사의 대상항원이다. 그러나 혈청 PSA치는 전립선암 뿐 아니라 양성 전립선질환인 전립선비대증 (BPH), 전립선 경색, 전립선 염증 등에서도 상승될 수 있다. 혈청 내의 PSA는 여러 가지 분자형태로 이루어져 있으며 대표적으로 ${alpha}_1$-antichymotrypsin과 결합된 결합형 PSA(PSA-ACT)와 유리형 PSA (free PSA)로 나눌 수 있다. 전립선 암 환자의 혈청에는 결합형 PSA가 95% 이상으로 매우 높고 유리형 PSA의 분포는 매우 작은 반면 전립성비대증에서는 유리형 PSA의 농도가 높아지므로, 결합형 PSA와 동시에 유리형 PSA를 측정하면 종양표지검사로서의 특이성과 예민도를 높일 수 있다는 보고가 있어, 최근 혈청내의 유리형 PSA의 측정의 중요성이 임상적으로 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 sandwich 원리로 유리형 PSA 효소면역 측정법 (EIA) kit를 개발하고 그 유용성을 검토한 결과, 고, 저 농도에서의 일내, 일간 변이 계수 (CV)는 4% 이하였으며 상품화된 free PSA kit와 비교하였을 때 두 방법간의 상관계수는 0.9965으로 매우 양호하였다. 또한 농도가 높은 세 환자의 검체를 희석하여 직선성 검사를 하였을 때 상관계수가 모두 0.995이상으로 나타났다. 또한 microplate 법에서 문제될 수 있는 hook effect는 유리형 PSA농도가 40 ng/mL까지 나타나지 않았으며, 98.9%~104.1%의 회수율을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 면역측정법 kit는 혈청 중의 유리형 PSA를 정확하고 간편하게 분석할 수 있으므로 임상 실험실에서 전립선암이나 전립선질환의 진단 및 치료효과의 판정에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2355-2359
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• 2013

Vulva cancer is rare among all gynecological cancer worldwide, including Thailand, and mainly affects older women. Persistent high risk type infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the one important factor for developing cancer. In this study, we focused on HPV DNA investigation and type-specific distribution of HPV in 25 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples collected from Thai women with vulva cancer histologically confirmed by the National Cancer Institute, Thailand, during 2003-2011. HPV DNA detection and genotyping were undertaken with polymerase-chain reaction and enzyme-immunoassay using GP5+/bio6+ consensus specific primers and digoxigenin-labeled specific oligoprobes, respectively. Human ${\beta}$-globin genes was used as the internal control. Our results showed that 44% (11/25) of all vulva cancer samples were HPV-positive. All of them are high risk HPV type infection, detected as single (63.64%, 7/11) and/or double infections (4/11, 36.36%). HPV 16 was the most common type identified in vulva cancer, followed by HPV 35, 33, 18 and 58. In conclusion, this study presented that HPV-16 is observed at the highest frequency in this cancer, similar to cervical cancer, with HPV 18 being less frequent. Although the sample size was small and could not represent overall incidence and prevalence in Thai women, these preliminary data for vulva cancer are of interest since they reinforce the necessity for HPV screening or vaccination in Thailand.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

Objectives : The objective of this study is to study the effects of hot aqueous extract and ethanol extract from Paeoniae Radix Rubra on nitric oxide(NO) and prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ production in macrophage. Methods : Paeoniae Radix Rubra were extracted in 2 ways. one was extracted with hot aqueous for 4 hr in $100^{\circ}C$ and the other one was extracted with 70% ethanol for 4 hr in $70^{\circ}C$. RAW264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage lines, were incubated with different concentrations of the extract for 30 min and then stimulated with LPS at indicated times. Cell toxicity was determined by MTT assay. The concentrations of NO and $PGE_2$ were measured by griess assay and enzyme immunoassay(EIA). Results : The hot aqueous and ethanol extracts of Paeoniae Radix Rubra significantly inhibited the NO productions in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The hot water extract of Paeoniae Radix Rubra significantly inhibited the $PGE_2$ productions in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Conclusions : Our results demonstrated that Paeoniae Radix Rubra extract is able to significantly inhibit the production of NO, $PGE_2$ expression. Hot aqueous extract of Paeoniae Radix Rubra has more effective anti-inflammation than ethanol extract.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.897-906
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• 2016

Objectives: Periodontitis is multifactorial disease mainly caused by microbial community. Recently, some research has been conducted to find other possible risk factors including stress hormones related to periodontitis. Psychological stress can affect the periodontal health by a variety of biological mechanisms. This study compared the stress hormone levels in healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease using saliva in order to investigate the association between periodontitis and stress. Methods: The human saliva was collected from 38 periodontally healthy individuals and 34 patients with chronic periodontitis under Institutional Review Board. Their age was 20-60 years ($40.3{\pm}10.45$). From these samples, determination of salivary levels of cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) performed by enzyme immunoassay kit (Salimetrics Europe, Suffolk, UK). The independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test for trend was applied using IBM SPSS statistics version 12.0 Program to analyze statistically significant differences. Results: Salivary cortisol levels of periodontitis patients were higher than those levels of healthy subjects (P < 0.001), while salivary DHEA levels of periodontitis patients were not significantly different (P = 0.431). Salivary cortisol/DHEA ratio of periodontitis patients was higher than those levels of healthy subjects (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the high levels of cortisol concentrations and cortisol/DHEA ratio in saliva of periodontitis patients than those of healthy subjects. Since cortisol levels and cortisol/DHEA ratio can be significant factors related to the severity of periodontal disease, our study would be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.848-855
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• 2020

Objective: Shearing is one of the practices that is applied periodically to fiber producing animals, which can also alter resistance of animals to high temperatures in especially summer months. This study aimed to investigate effects of shearing on some physiological and hormonal parameters in Akkaraman sheep during summer season. Methods: This study was carried out on 39 non-pregnant Akkaraman ewes (aged 1.5 years at the beginning of experiment). The 39 ewes were chosen randomly from the flock belonging to the Erciyes University and they were assigned to two groups as follows: i) group A (n = 20) designed as the control group, they were shorn and group B (n = 19) designed as the experimental group, they were unshorn. Prior to the shearing (-1 day) and on days 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 following the shearing, blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis of each sheep. Cortisol, β-endorphin, growth hormone (GH), thyroxine (T₄), triiodothyronine (T₃), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) concentrations were determined using the enzyme immunoassay method. Body weight (BW), rectal temperature (RT), pulse rate (PR), and respiratory rate (RR) of each sheep were recorded at the same time. The data obtained were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant effect of shearing×period interaction (p<0.01) and a significant effect of period (p<0.01) on BW, HSP-70, cortisol, T₄ and RT, PR, GH, β-endorphin, T₃, respectively. Also these analysis showed no significant effect of shearing×period interaction or period on RR. Conclusion: The results showed that the thermoregulation abilities of sheep were affected by shearing treatment and the shorn ewes were less affected by heat stress. In conclusion, based on the data of this study, shearing can be considered as a necessary management practice that requires protection for sheep from the effect of heat stress.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was aimed to analyze the correlation of clinical characteristics of cancer patients treated with Korean Medicine and their natural killer cell activity (NKA). Methods: The medical records of 52 cancer patients who conducted NKA test at Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University from March 2016 to May 2018 were reviewed. NKA was determined at Seegene Medical institute using NK Vue Gold(R) kit, evaluating activated $IFN-{\gamma}$ by enzyme immunoassay after incubation of whole blood. Careful investigations were conducted by categorizing the patients by their sex, origin, stage, ECOG scale, and conventional treatment type. We used data from the medical records and statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0 V. Results: The average NKA of all patients was $623.1{\pm}722.0pg/mL$. The NKA value was higher for females than for males. No correlation was evident between age and NKA, but patients aged over 70 years had the lowest NKA average result. Stage III and IV patients showed clearly lower NKA values when compared to stage I and II patients. NKA and ECOG scale values showed no evident relationship. Conclusions: This study presented the characteristics of NKA in cancer patients treated with Korean medicine. The NKA result differed by gender and stage. Based on these findings, further study is needed regarding the clinical meaning of NKA.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.485-488
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• 2013

The performance values of available techniques used in serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis are satisfactory but they raise problems of equivocal and discordant results for very low IgG titers. Recently marketed, LDBio-Toxo II IgG Western blot (IB) showed an excellent correlation with the dye test. We estimated the proportion of equivocal and discordant results between the enzyme immunoassay Platelia Toxo IgG (EIA-IgG) and fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and assessed the usefulness of the IB as a confirmatory test. Out of 2,136 sera collected from pregnant women, 1,644 (77.0%) tested unequivocally positive and 407 (19.0%) were negative in both EIA-IgG and FAT. The remaining 85 (4%) sera showed equivocal or discordant results. Among them, 73 (85.9%) were positive and 12 (14.1%) were negative in IB. Forty-one (89.1%) equivocal sera in EIA-IgG and 46 (86.8%) equivocal sera in FAT were positive in IB. Reducing the cut-off values of both screening techniques improved significantly their sensitivity in detecting very low IgG titers at the expense of their specificity. In conclusion, equivocal results in routine-used techniques and their discordance in determination of the immune status in pregnancy women were not uncommon. IB test appeard to be highly useful in these situations as a confirmatory technique.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.529-532
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• 2005

Expanding cells ex-vivo is very important in tissue-engineering. Culture medium is usually supplemented with fetal bovine serum(FBS) in most of the experiments. However, cells grown in bovine serum media may posses the possibilities of disseminating bovine diseases and/or stimulating the patient's immune reactions. To overcome these problems, autologous or homologous serum should be used instead of the FBS. The purpose of this study is to compare cell proliferation and collagen synthesis depending on the kind of sera mixed on media and to provide a guideline on applying established experimental data to clinical cases. Human dermal fibroblasts were obtained from four patients. Five thousand cells per well in 96-well plates were incubated DMEM/F-12 Nutrient with varying serum mixture; 10% autologous serum, 10% homologous serum, and 10% FBS. Five days after incubation fibroblast proliferation and collagen production were determined by MTT assay and CICP enzyme immunoassay. The mean cell number were; $3.95{\times}10^4/well$, $2.97{\times}10^4/well$ and $2.30{\times}10^4/well$, respectively. The average amounts of collagen synthesized were; 238.13 ng/ml, 204.88 ng/ml, and 163.88 ng/ml in each. These results show that the use of human serum mixture may contribute to, not only preventing disseminated infection of bovine diseases. but also increase cell proliferation and collagen synthesis without simulating the patient's immune reactions.