• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

Government efforts for green growth policy initiatives demand low-carbon technologies in the road construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm of a road alignment design solution for establishing the multi-dimensional information, and to calculate carbon emission quantity due to the geometric design elements in the planning phase of road alignment. The paper developed a calculation method for carbon emission quantity by drawing a speed profile reflected in the operating speed, acceleration and deceleration, which are majors factor of carbon emissions while driving and by applying a carbon emission factor. From this effort, it enabled alignment planning to reduce carbon emission. Object-based parametric design methods of the cross-sections were proposed for alignment planning, and the paper demonstrated a BIM-based road alignment planning solution. The proposed solutions can provide multi-dimensional information on carbon emission quantity and cross section elements through driving simulation. It is expected to allow construction of eco-friendly roads by deriving optimal road alignment to minimize environmental costs.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2015

Recently, R&D demand for environmental friendly vehicle has rapidly increased due to its global environmental issues such as global warming, energy and economic crisis. Under this situation, the most realistic alternative way for environmental friendly vehicle is a clean diesel vehicle. The common-rail fuel injection system, as key technology of clean diesel vehicle, consists of a high pressure pump, common-rail, high pressure fuel line and electronic control injector. In common-rail high-pressure fuel injection system, high pressure wave of injection system and geometry of injector elements have a major effects on high-pressure fuel spray. Therefore, in this study, the numerical model was developed for analysis about the common-rail fuel pressure pulsation by using AMESim code. We could secure stability of common-rail high-pressure fuel injection system through optimal design of fuel line.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.7
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

The present research aims to suggest the design of a new direction that copes with the changing environment. For example, the design for outdoor wear can be made through various methods that allows it to be worn for anytime and anywhere. Also, the research aimed to seek a development direction of outdoor wear design with environment-friendly expanded function that handles unpredictable environmental changes. The analysis of this research is as follows. First, it can be said that the trend of the outdoor wear design according to climate and environment changes is a design that seeks an efficient and rational role in functional aspects such as complex multi-functionality and minimum decorations as well as enhancing economic efficiency. Second, the outdoor wear design provides the optimal climate for the human body even in a continuously changing artificial environment. Its easy and comfortable function also helps to keep defense from possible risk elements. Lastly, this research seeks interactions among design, the body and environment. It also tries shape change using buttons and zippers, etc. according to expansion of a structural form of clothes as multi-functionality and versatility tools, and seeks a design form that can be reconstructed. The research that geared toward environmental changes should be further progressed in order to produce apparel that have efficient adaptability of any climate situations.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.234-242
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• 2010

In order to make an effective use of spatial resources in the city, detailed environmental plan strategies based on 'culture' are needed. An integral part of city spaces-'underground space' serves as one of the spatial resources with much effective usage potentials. Hence, 'underground space' needs cultural vitality. The purpose of this study is to propose an thorough indoor environmental plan guideline for the cultural vitality of 'underground space'. The methods used to conduct research include precedent study reviews and survey. Through this research, following conclusions are drawn. First, to promote cultural vitality at the 'underground space', it must be transformed into the cultural public place to be utilized for cultural activities by residents. Second, the 'underground space' requires 'concept of eco-friendly space for clean environment'. Third, 'safe environment' concept must be installed in the 'underground space' to promote the cultural vitality. Fourth, the 'underground space' requires 'complex/block level network plans between cultural spaces in addition to horizontal/vertical walking network between cultural environments in ground level and underground spaces. Fifth, the 'underground space' requires underground public cultural space plan through 'reasonable underground development with considerations of the facilities related to education, culture and history'. Sixth, 'public cultural space plan for various cultural spaces' and 'supply of space for cultural activities for residents and design plan for mutual culture exchange' are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.275-284
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• 2017

As the 3D Greenery system is known to improve the urban environment, it works as new alternative for eco-friendly building and warrants further study for application to the domestic field. This study aimed to apply the design components for eco-friendly composition by investigating the spatial characteristics of the 3D Greenery System reflected in interior and exterior of buildings and to analyze the organization and design elements of domestic and foreign cases. The results showed that instances of the Greenery System tended to be a large scale and high-density development in order to expand various exterior spaces. Although its early forms were often found in such public facilities as exhibition and education purpose, cases of multi-unit dwelling have been growing. Allowing apartment residents to prefer intimate space by providing various such spaces for residential units and offering independent green spaces would induce diverse residents' lifestyles rather than monotonous design. The analysis also indicated that community space composed of various outdoor spaces and atmosphere would change life patterns of multi-housing and establish a real neighborhood through social interaction. Moreover, further investigation of the design patterns of outdoor space arrangement is needed since the Greenery system actively reflects the environmental characteristics of building sites and clearly shows a tendency to utilize natural terrain and slope in building shapes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

Bird collisions with glass are a substantial source of human-caused avian mortality. It has been estimated that between 100 million and 1 billion birds die in collisions with windows every year, and bird-window collisions can have a particularly serious impact on populations because glass is dangerous for strong, healthy, breeding adults. The purpose of this study are to address the bird-window collision issue and to provide suggestions for bird-safe development by reviewing precedent studies on bird collision and analyzing bird-friendly design guidelines. Typically reflections of the sky, clouds or trees on glass, green plants in lobbies, and lights attract and confuse both migrating and resident birds. Therefore birds fatally fly into the glass because they do not recognize that reflections are false and that glass is a barrier. Many cities such as Toronto, Chicago and New York have made efforts on reducing the bird collision by encouraging the creation of environmentally conscious and bird-safe buildings. The USGBC also introduced a bird-safety credit as part of its environmental certification process, called LEED. The results of the study presented that architects and builders can help reduce or prevent bird from collisions in both new construction and existing structures with creative use of design elements. The measures to reduce bird collisions include using glass with an embedded pattern, opaque or translucent films, decals, dot patterns, awnings, louvers, and grilles. Turning off lights after midnight during the spring and fall migrations can be part of the solution as well. In order to reduce bird mortality, the most important thing is to generate awareness of the issue among designers, builders, as well as the public. Also local governments need to develop bird-friendly design guidelines and planning mechanisms to encourage bird-safe development and building operation.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.93-104
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• 2017

Purpose: Korean society has already entered an aged society but there aren't many evidence-based studies on the elderly-friendly design elements in the apartment environment, which is the main residential type in Korea. The main purpose of this study is to verify the necessity and expandability of the outdoor environment design in the public rental apartment complex through the evaluation of the effectiveness and satisfaction of SMG(Seoul Metropolitan Government) Cognitive Health Design Project in GR 1 apartment complex. Methods: The research subjects were GR 1-complex as experimental group and the nearby Wolgye Deer 1-complex as control group, both public rental apartment and located in Seoul. As a research method, the survey was conducted before and after the implementation of SMG project for residents of the apartment. A total of 200 preliminary surveys and 203 post surveys were conducted. Results: As a result of this study, residents' accidents related safety have decreased, and both the frequency of use and satisfaction of most facilities have increased. It is noteworthy that the increase in cognitive items in the post-survey. Also, 74.5% of the residents evaluated that the complex was better to live after the project was implement. Implications: The fact that the preliminary surveys were not conducted for the same person is considered as the limitation of the study, but it is meaningful in that it systematically assesses the effectiveness of the project on the cognitive health of the outdoor residential environment towards age-friendly city.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.215-226
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• 2019

This study analyzed the healing effect of the design elements of healing environment from the perspective of environmental stress, which is one of the contents of environmental psychology. By examining the objective healing effects of the design elements of the healing environment, this study attempted to prepare a theoretical basis for contributing to the construction of a systematic and systematic healing environment. This study consists of three phases. Firstly, three environmental stress theories (Attention Recovery Theory, Evolutionary Psychology, and Environmental Stress Model) were examined to review the academic basis of which the theoretical concept of the healing environment has been derived and developed. Second, we analyzed 16 previous research on the design elements of healing environment and used them as an analysis framework of this study. Thirdly, 11 foreign studies that proved the healing effects of healing environment design elements through objective research methods were considered and analyzed as an analysis framework, and the basis for applying design elements in constructing healing environment was prepared. The research results are as follows. First, the concept of healing environment was developed from Lazarus's psychological stress theory and Ulrich's theory of evolutionary psychology, suggesting that it can be used as one of the noninvasive healing tools that affect stress reduction. Second, the healing environment design elements could be divided into 15 factors and categorized as physical environment, psychological environment, and social environment, and it was found that most of them were mentioned and studied in the previous research in order of nature-friendly, aesthetic, and openness. Third, most of the previous research on the healing effects of the design elements of the healing environment were related to natural affinity and aesthetics, and it was found that the visual elements of the healing environment could affect the actual stress reduction.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.903-913
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• 2016

Paris Agreement of Climate Change seem affect to Korea eco-policy. Meanwhile the eco-design for reduce carbon emission have been applied in design phase of construction. However eco-design have applied passively except the project of eco-building system. For reflect eco-component in design, design VE that be appling to basic design and executing design phase of all construction project of over 10 billion should be use. But present applying VE Job Plan is reflecting partly eco-component, so the effect is small. Therefor new eco-VE development that reflect eco-elements to exist VE need. As the result of this study, the concept of environmental cost is defined to accounting. The calculation of the cost was using methods that apply $CO_2$ emission trading price, WTP, carbon productivity concept and carbon tax based on $CO_2$ emission. However, in order to apply eco-friendly VE at design phase, the model of new concept included carbon productivity concept is necessary. The eco-friendly VE model of new concept is model using $CO_2$ emission and potential environmental pollution index (PEPI). This study tried define eco-value model and environmental cost definition that become the major axle of eco-VE.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.189-197
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was to analyze the improvement elements depended on housing quality measurement tool related to mental health. The data for the analysis was collected through questionnaire survey method from November 1, 2012 to January 17, 2013, and the sample consisted of 720 respondents living in single detached houses, multi-families detached houses, apartments, and town houses in 4 cities, Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, and Kwangju. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of improvement elements are as follows: 1) Pedestrian-threaten street from cars in physical safety 2) A secluded or dark spot and fear of walking at night in social security, 3) Indoor noise, outdoor noise, and evidence of abandoned trash heap/bottle in neighborhood in health & sanitation, 4) Illegal parking and heating control system in facility convenience, 5) Extra kitchen, number of bathrooms, and community spaces in space convenience, 6) Openness and spaciousness of indoor room, and satisfaction of house and neighborhood in comfort, 7) Management common/sharing space in maintenance, 8) Energy saving facility and environment friendly materials use in sustainability, 9) Burden on housing cost, asset value on house, and school district in economic value, 10) Reflection of residents style, surrounding building's number of layers, and neighborhood appearance of preference in housing environment image.