• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.28 no.spc
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

Sustainability is commonly recognized as one of the new paradigms or norms that will reign the new era after the modern age of revolutionary economic development. This global trend calls for the adoption of the sustainability concept to soil and groundwater management. In fact, there are several such ongoing movements in practicing soil and groundwater management. Through literature review, this paper discusses the concept, practices, and future research needs of sustainable soil and groundwater management. We first discuss the definition of sustainable soil and groundwater management and possible methodologies to gauge or improve the sustainability of soil and groundwater management. Then, we introduce the research topics, exemplary practices, and propose solutions to elaborate sustainability in three representative subfields including soil and groundwater remediation, groundwater management, and soil management. We conclude with suggestions on the future research directions for successful adoption of sustainability concept to soil and groundwater management in the Republic of Korea.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.51-67
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

This study compared with the object of designation and the management practices for Protection Forests between Korea and Japan to establish the management and development directions of Korea's Protection Forest. 1. Water conservation forest from total areas of Protection Forests occupied 90.6 % in Korea and 68.4 % in Japan, respectively. The water conservation forest was the most important function among the Protection Forest's functions in both countries. 2. The 10 million ha of Protection Forest in Japan increased for last 100 years. The 100 thousand ha per year was designated as Protection Forest. In contrast, The 655,535 ha of Protection Forest in Korea decreased for last 42 years with decreasing of 15,000 ha per year. 3. In Japan, Protection Forest can be managed by forest silvicultural practices such as forest harvest, thinning, and pruning to recover and improve the Protection Forest's functions. 4. In case of Korea, it is necessary to a mid- or long-term counter plan to increase the area of Protection Forest by the government, and needs to the recovery and improvement of Protection Forest's functions.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.180-184
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• 2008

A distributed hydrologic model of an urban drainage area on Bugok drainage area in Oncheon stream was developed and combined with a optimization method to determine the optimal location and number of best management practices (BMPs) for storm water runoff reduction. This model is based on the SCS-CN method and integrated with a distributed hydrologic network model of the drainage area using system of 4,211 hydrologic response units (HRUs). Optimal location is found by locating HRU combination that leads to a maximum reduction in peak flow at the drainage outlet in this model. The results of this study indicate the optimal locations and numbers of BMPs, however, for more exact application of this model, project cost and SCS-CN reduction rate of structural facilities such infiltration trench and pervious pavement will have to be considered.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.515-530
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• 2012

This research aims to audit foodservice sanitation management practices and to assess microbiological quality of foods and their food contact environments in kindergartens. Sanitation auditing was conducted in 10 kindergartens in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon areas to assess the levels of safety practices. Results revealed that the surveyed kindergartens scored 41.4 out of 100 points, on average. The average scores of each category were 6.4/11 (58.1%) for facilities sanitation, 4.2/12 (35.0%) for equipment sanitation, 2.4/10 (24.0%) for personal hygiene, 5.1/10 (51.0%) for food ingredients management, 6.0/17 (35.3%) for production process, 5.4/10 (54.0%) for environmental sanitation, 2.0/6 (33.3%) for kitchen utensils sanitation, and 2.2/6 (96.7%) for safety management. Microbiological quality of raw, prepared foods, personal sanitation (hands), environmental sanitation, and drinking water were assessed. Total plate counts (TPC) of the following menus exceeded the critical limit: seasoned leek (5 log CFU/g), cucumber (5.0 log CFU/g), panbroiled fish paste (TNTC at $10^4$), tangpyeongchae (5.3 log CFU/g), egg rolls (6.1 log CFU/g), panbroiled sausage (TNTC at $10^4$), and soft tofu pot stew (TNTC at $10^4$). Coliform which exceeded the standard limit were detected from seasoned leek (2 log CFU/g), cucumber (2.5 log CFU/g), panbroiled fish paste (2.0 log CFU/g), egg roll (3.8 log CFU/g), tangpyeongchae (4.0 log CFU/g), panbroiled sausage (2.3 log CFU/g), and soft tofu pot stew (3.7 log CFU/g). For seasoned foods (muchim), S. aureus ranged 2.2~2.9 log CFU/g. In food workers' hands, microbial profiles ranged 3.8~7.9 log CFU/hand for TPC, ND~4.5 log CFU/hand for coliforms, ND~4.7 log CFU/hand for S. aureus, and ND~5.3 log CFU/hand for Enterobacteriaceae. Microbiological profiles of food contact surface of knives, cutting boards, dish-clothes, and trays showed possibilities of cross-contamination. General bacteria were 2.1~4.5 logCFU/ml in 4 purified water samples and E. coli were found in the kitchen of one kindergarten. These results suggested that environmental sanitation management practices need more strict improvement: effective sanitation education methods and practices were strongly required, and more strict sanitation management for cooking utensils and equipment were required.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.256-267
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate food hygiene and safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among the elementary school children, and furthermore, to explain the interrelations among these three variables. A second purpose was to compare gender differences of KAP. Methods: A self-administered, structured questionnaire was designed and completed by 376 elementary school children. A five-point Likert scale with twenty questions was used to gather information. Data was analyzed by frequency analysis, Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance or Student's t-test. Results: Children generally had good knowledge of food hygiene and safety, and knowledge of children was superior to the attitudes and also to their practices (p < 0.05). The attitude score was mediated between knowledge and practice scores. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between boys and girls in an item of knowledge, three items of attitudes, and six items of practices. A significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.70, p < 0.001), and between attitudes and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.45, p < 0.001), as well as between attitudes and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.51, p < 0.001), revealing that increased knowledge and even attitudes toward food hygiene safety could result in positive change in practices or behaviors. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that despite good knowledge and attitudes of children, their practices toward food hygiene and safety are not acceptable. Gender differences in practices were highlighted. In order to create effective educational interventions on the food hygiene and safety of children, a better understanding of their awareness and the required related information is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.308-325
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• 2012

This research aimed to survey foodservice hygiene management practices performed by principals and teachers as well as examine foodservice employees' hygiene knowledge in kindergartens. Surveys were administered to principals, teachers, and foodservice employees at 392 kindergartens. The total average score of six categories was 4.28 out of 5.0. Average score of the production process management category was the lowest at 3.90 while safety management was the highest at 4.69. Other average scores were as follows: facilities and equipment 4.20, personal hygiene 4.14, food ingredient control 4.35, and environmental sanitation 4.39. Teachers' foodservice hygiene management practices scored 3.8 points out of 5 on average. Hygiene knowledge of foodservice employees was also tested. The mean score of foodservice hygiene knowledge was 76.29%. The lowest scoring category was personal hygiene, suggesting that foodservice employees require more knowledge on proper personal hygiene practices. Possession rates of dish sterilizer, ultraviolet sterilizer, and hand washing facilities in the kitchen were low. These equipment installation rates should be raised accordingly. To enhance control of foodservice hygiene, kindergarten management should pay more attention to education and training related to foodservice sanitation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2012

This study sought to discover new directions for management and operation national urban parks in Korea by analyzing the reality of the national government parks of Japan where these parks are already well established and managed. In the case of a Japanese national government park, its supporting system was established after the park was built. The means of management also shifted their direction from putting more priority to the administrative body to the residents. The management practices are changing process of its character with focus on residents as the main entity of activity from their existing position of participants. In other words, the national government parks of Japan are going beyond the previous practice of providing maintenance activities to providing experience, interpretation functions to these activities. Especially, they were establishing local networks to plan and execute programs in collaboration with the park management and NPOs. However, they fall short of tangible outcomes despite their continuous efforts to expand the community involvement and reduce the cost in maintenance. To facilitate the effective management of the urban parks in Korea in the near future, much thought needs to go into the management practices ensuring conservation of resources in the land of Korea, as well as people's use of recreation, community revitalization, and development and transfer of advanced technology to provide appropriate preparations to create urban parks in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 1999

Applicability of LCA in establishing the integrated solid waste management were examined. Data were collected from current waste management system. LCA method was then applied to find environmentally sustainable waste management. The process comprises five steps : (1) collecting data, comparing the data with comprehensive urban planning as well, (2) analyzing the current waste treatment procedure leading to the database establishment, (3) LCA for the waste management system, (4) finding alternative scenarios based on the former steps, (5) establishing the optimum method in Ecopolis, best fitted to the local situation. The results and suggestions in this study are expected to yield comprehensive analysis as to current practices in waste management. More importantly it will be a valuable data in minimizing environmental burdens in connecting with living environments of Ecopolis. Information regarding the urban system and total environmental quality are expected from this study.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.762-772
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• 2016

Purpose: Adolescence is a critical period for growth and development; hence, knowledge about good food habits is essential amongst children. This study was conducted to investigate prevalence of awareness among food sellers, which could probably influence children's health and perceptions on food around schools towards adulterated food management beliefs, competencies, and food safety practices. Methods: Data was collected from 195 dealers around 25 elementary, middle and high schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces using a self-administered questionnaire in July and August, 2015. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, $x^2$-test, factor analysis, and reliability analysis by SPSS Statistics (ver. 23.0). Results: A total of 121 people (62.1%) reported satisfaction of providing information and education on adulterated food. The perception of hazardous substances was found to be related to food poisoning bacteria and viruses (65.6%), heavy metals (42.1%), environmental hormones (36.4%), residual pesticides (27.2%), and irradiated food (26.7%). The perceived score on hygiene practices for processed food seller was $4.04{\pm}0.56/5.00$ and for cooked food seller was $4.09{\pm}0.45$. The capacity of adulterated food management practice of food sellers was significantly correlated with food knowledge on adulteration and public relation capacity, necessity of adulterated food management, and perception of hygiene practices (p<0.01). Similarly, knowledge and public relation capacity were significantly different according to ages (p<0.01). The perception of the necessity of adulterated food management was significantly different according to education levels (p<0.05), and the evaluation of hygiene practices was significantly different according to age (p<0.01). Conclusion: In order to solve the problem of adulterated food, which is one of the four social evils, and to strengthen the capacity of children to solve social problems, various practices like campaign on health promotion, goof food habits, education, and adulterated food management, should be actively promoted not only for children but also for food sellers around the schools.