• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2020

Along with rapid global economic development, people are slowly becoming environmentally aware and green development is increasingly a vital topic of social concern. Academic circles are currently focusing on environmental protection and economic growth to explore the coordinated development of both and to achieve a win-win solution between them. To study the relationship between environmental protection experience and both cost and performance, this study empirically analyzes companies listing on the Shenzhen A-share market from 2014 to 2018. The results show that senior executives' environmental protection experience is negatively correlated with corporate costs, whereas it is positively correlated with business performance. These results provide empirical evidence of the importance of enterprises introducing and cultivating environmental personnel and insisting on sustainable development.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.229-239
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• 2018

Purpose: There is a difficulty in Environmental Stress Screening (ESS) test design for weapon system's electrical/electronic components/products in small and medium-sized enterprises. To overcome this difficulty, I propose an easy ESS test design approach algorithm that is optimized with only one environment tolerance design information parameter (${\Delta}T$). Methods: To propose the mass production weapon system ESS test design for cost-effective optimization, I define an optimum cost-effective mathematical model ESS test algorithm model based on modified MIL-HDBK-344, MIL-HDBK-2164 and DTIC Technical Report 2477. Results: I clearly confirmed and obtained the quantitative data of ESS effectiveness and cost optimization along our ESS test design algorithm through the practical case. I will expect that proposed ESS test method is used for ESS process improvement activity and cost cutting of mass production weapon system manufacturing cost in small and medium-sized enterprises. Conclusion: In order to compare the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, I compared the effectiveness of the existing ESS test and the proposed algorithm ESS test based on the existing weapon system circuit card assembly for signal processing. As a result of the comparison, it was confirmed that the test time was reduced from 573.0 minutes to 517.2minutes (9.74% less than existing test time).

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.173-189
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• 2005

A life-cycle assessment (LCA) is based on the attention given to the environmental protection and concerning the possible impact while producing, making, and consuming products. It includes all environmental concerns and the potential impact of a product's life cycle from raw material procurement, manufacturing, usage, and disposal (that is, from cradle to grave). This study assesses the environmental impact of the ultra pure water process of semiconductor manufacturing by a life-cycle assessment in order to point out the heavy environmental impact process for industry when attempting a balanced point between production and environmental protection. The main purpose of this research is studying the development and application of this technology by setting the ultra pure water of semiconductor manufacturing as a target. We evaluate the environmental impact of the Precoat filter process and the Cation/Anion (C/A) filter process of an ultra pure water manufacturing process. The difference is filter material used produces different water quality and waste material, and has a significant, different environmental influence. Finally, we calculate the cost by engineering economics so as to analyze deeply the minimized environmental impact and suitable process that can be accepted by industry. The structure of this study is mainly combined with a life-cycle assessment by implementing analysis software, using SimaPro as a tool. We clearly understand the environmental impact of ultra pure water of semiconductor used and provide a promotion alternative to the heavy environmental impact items by calculating the environmental impact during a life cycle. At the same time, we specify the cost of reducing the environmental impact by a life-cycle cost analysis.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.153-153
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• 2010

The world is moving towards a post-carbon society and needs clean and renewable energy for sustainable development. There are many methodological approaches which are helping this shift based on analyzed data about energy resources and which focus on limited types of energy including liquid fossil, solid fossil, gaseous fossil, and biomass (e.g. IPCC Guidelines, ISO 14064-1, WRI Protocol, etc.). We should also consider environmental impact (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions, water use, etc.) and the economic cost of the renewable energy to make a better decision. Recently, researchers have addressed the environmental impact of new technologies which include photovoltaics, wind turbines, hydroelectric power, and biofuel. In this work, we analyze the environmental impact with a carbon emission factor to present a correlation between $CO_2$ emission and the cost of energy resources standardized by the energy output. In addition, we reviewed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as another methodology. Researchers who are studying energy systems have ignored the impacts of entire energy systems, e.g. the extraction and processing of fossil fuels. In power sector, the assessment should include extraction, processing, and transportation of fuels, building of power plants, production of electricity, and waste disposal. Therefore LCA could be more suitable tool for energy cost and environmental impact estimation.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.188-197
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• 1997

MARKAL model was applied for assessment of iron and steel technology for the year of 2032 considering cost and environmental effects based on 1992. Technology, energy and material flows were analyzed in iron and steel sector. Reference iron and steel system was designed according to this analysis. Six scenarios were developed considering cost and environmental limitations such as CO$_2$emission control and SOx reduction cost. Competitiveness of technologies in iron and steel sector was assessed under different environmental limitations with cost minimization. Through this study, it was confirmed that MARKAL model can be applied to technology assessment in the field of iron and steel industry.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.359-371
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• 2022

Bridges are critical to the civil engineering infrastructure network as they facilitate movement of people, the transportation of goods and services. Given the aging of bridge infrastructure, federal officials mandate visual inspections biennially to identify necessary repair actions which are time, cost, and labor-intensive. Additionally, the expansion joints of bridges are rarely monitored due to cost. However, expansion joints are critical as they absorb movement from thermal effects, loadings strains, impact, abutment settlement, and vehicle motion movement. Thus, the need to monitor bridge expansion joints efficiently, at a low cost, and wirelessly is desired. This paper addresses bridge joint monitoring needs to develop a cost-effective, real-time wireless system that can be validated in a full-scale bridge structure. To this end, a wireless expansion joint monitoring was developed using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) sensors. An in-service bridge was selected as a testbed to validate the performance of the developed system compared with traditional displacement sensor, LVDT, temperature and humidity sensors. The short-term monitoring campaign with the wireless sensor system with the internet protocol version 6 over the time slotted channel hopping mode of IEEE 802.15.4e (6TiSCH) network showed reliable results, providing high potential of the developed system for effective joint monitoring at a low cost.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

In the location science, environmental effect becomes a new main consideration for site selection. For the unwanted facility location selection, decision makers should consider the cost of resolving the environmental conflict. We introduced the negative influence cost for the facility which was inversely proportional to distance between the facility and residents. An unwanted facility location problem was suggested to minimize the sum of the negative influence cost and the transportation cost. The objective cost function was analyzed as nonlinear type and was neither convex nor concave. Three GRASP (Greedy Randomized adaptive Search Procedure) methods as like Random_GRASP, Epsilon_GRASP and GRID_GRASP were developed to solve the unwanted facility location problem. The Newton's method for nonlinear optimization problem was used for local search in GRASP. Experimental results showed that quality of solution of the GRID_GRASP was better than those of Random_GRASP and Epsilon_GRASP. The calculation time of Random_GRASP and Epsilon_GRASP were faster than that of Grid_GRASP.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2005

Many Korean companies are challenged to reduce logistics cost and meet environmental-friendly logistics. The textile companies in harsh competition are requested to make improvement on their logistics environment to cut down the total cost. However, they have reached the limit on improving the manufacturing process. We believe that the logistics department is the most improvable part at present. Improving logistics will be highly effective to cut down the total cost. In this study, we present Pad Pool System(PPS) as the solution to save their logistics cost. PPS, which means the shared use of Styrofoam pads, will enable the textile companies to cut down their cost and strengthen enterprise competitiveness. Also, PPS will be helpful reducing environmental disruption because the system reuses retrieved Styrofoam pads many times.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.927-939
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• 2012

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. Although green roof has already gained nation-wide recognition as a typical method of energy saving in the roof, this approach did not provide a realistic evidence that is economically feasible in terms of installation cost. This research is primarily intended to compare installation cost between the two techniques. This research proposes a comparative evaluation framework in a more objective and quantitative way for an installation cost between the two techniques. Kyungpook National University (KNU) was selected as a survey objective and an exhaustive and realistic comparison of installation cost between the two techniques was conducted, based on Life Cycle Cost analysis (initial investment cost, maintenance cost, dismantling and waste disposal expense). It was possible to identify that installation cost of cool roofs is 4.7 times cheaper than that of green roof. Also present value based on probabilistic approach was identified as 0.25 (4.95) higher than the installation cost on the assumption of constant price and interest. It is expected that much more installation cost for the large scale green roof will be required since small-size green roof selected as a survey objective in this study could be operated under less initial installation and maintenance condition.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.459-472
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• 2015

A recently developed tunnel section enlargement method can maintain traffic flow during construction by using a protector. By keeping traffic flowing, it can minimize the lost time and costs associated with diversions and also the accompanying environmental pollution. On the other hand, installing the protector can lengthen the construction period and increase the direct cost. This paper presents a method for analyzing the economic feasibility of tunnel section enlargement methods considering the direct construction cost and the indirect social cost. The indirect costs are divided into categories of: vehicle driving cost, travel time delay cost, and environmental pollution cost. The economic efficiency of existing technology is compared with the new method in an case study of Namsan Tunnel 3.