• 대한수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 1981

OK serogroups of 268 cultures of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with colibacillary diarrhea were determined by the use of the simplified routine diagnostic procedures of Sojka. The results obtained are summarised as follows: 1. Of 268 cultures of Escherichia coli tested, 190 cultures were classified into 15 OK groups and the remaining 78(29.1%) were untypable. 2. The most frequently isolated enteropathogenic E. coli in order of prevalence were 0157 : K 'Vl7' (14.2%), 0149 : K91, K88a, c (13.7%), 064 : K 'V142' (11.6%), 08 : K87, K88a, b (10.5%) and O141 : K85a, b, K88a, b (7.9%).

• 환경위생공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1999

Enteropathogenic Yersina enterocolitica is an important cause of human and animal disease. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics currently used to identify Yersinia enterocolitica are not necessarily sufficient to differentiate pathogenic from non-pathogenic strains or to analyze the epidemiology of yersiniae at a molecular level. To improve the characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica, A total of 65 isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica were examined with bioserotyping, antibiotic susceptibilities, PFGE, PCR-ribotyping. Genomic DNA pattern generated by PFGE are highly specific for different strains of an organism and have significant value in epidemiologic investigations. The PFGE analysis of Not I-digested chromosomal DNA of Y. enterocolitica were performed with a CHEF Mapper(Bio-Rad, USA). Not I generated 19 restriction endonuclease digestion profiles(REDP). PCR-ribotyping, performed with primers complementry to conserved regions of 16S and 23S rRNA gene, generated 13 ribotypes. PCR-ribotyping can be considered a good technich for subtyping strains of Y.enterocolitica.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2003년도 추계학술대회초록집
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• pp.30-30
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• 2003

Escherichia coli strains associated with diarrhea have been divided into the following six major categories on the basis of pathogenic mechanisms: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC) and diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC).$\^$15,18/ EPEC, EAggEC, and DAEC strains were classified by their ability to produce distinct patterns of adherence to cultured epithelial cells in virto: localized (LA), aggregative (AA), and diffuse (DA) adherence. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the adherence patterns with AIDA-positive E. coli isolated from diarrheic pigs. (omitted)

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.294-300
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• 2007

The mammalian glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor consists of three mannoses attached to acylated GlcN-(acyl)PI to form $Man_3$-GlcN-(acyl)PI. The first of the three mannose groups is attached to an intermediate to generate Man-GlcN-(acyl)PI by the first mannosyltransferase (GPI-MT-I). Mammalian and protozoan GPI-MT-I have different substrate specificities. PIG-M encodes the mammalial GPI-MT-I which has 423 amino acids and multiple transmembrane domains. In this work we cloned PIG-M homologues from humans, Plasmodium falciparum (PfPIG-M), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GPI14), to test whether they could complement GPI-MT-I-deficient mammalian cells, since this biosynthetic step is likely to be a good target for selective screening of inhibitors against many pathogenic organisms. PfPIG-M partially restored cell surface expression of the GPI-anchored protein CD59 in PIG-M deficient mammalian cells, and first mannose transfer activity in vitro; however, this was not the case for GPI14.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.137-149
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• 2005

2004년 1월부터 12월까지 충남지역 5개 지정 협력병원에서 수거한 설사환자의 대변가검물 787건에 대한 병원성세균, 설사바이러스 및 원충에 대한 검사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 병원성 세균 10종에 대한 검사결과 Salmonella spp. 27건, 병원성대장균 20건(EHEC 3건, EPEC 9건, ETEC 8건), Clostridium perfringens 18건, Staphy-lococcus aureus 6건, Vibrio parahaem-olyticus 4건과 Shigella spp. 4건 등 79건이 분리되었다. 병원성 바이러스 4종에 대한 검사결과 rotavirus 115건, norovirus 55건, astro-virus 5건, rotavirus 4건, norovirus 4건의 혼합감염, adenovirus 3건, rotavi-rus 2건과 astrovirus 2건의 혼합감염으로 총 190건이 검출되었다. 원충 3종에 대한 검사결과 Entam-oeba histolytica 5건, Giardia lamblia 1건으로 6건이 검출되었다. 병원성세균은 10세 이하에서 26.8%, 61세 이상에서 45.6%, 바이러스는 10세 이하에서 65.8%, 61세 이상에서 17.4% 그리고 원충은 10세 이하에서 83.3%, 61세 이상에서 16.7%로 모두 10세 이하와 61세 이상에서 높은 검출을 보였다. 특히, 5세 이하의 어린이 경우 세균은 20.3%, 바이러스는 63.7% 그리고 원충은 83.3%로 높은 검출을 보였다. 병원성세균은 월별, 계절별로 분리율 차이가 미미하나 1월과 3월에 각각 2.5%로 가장 적게 분리되었고 8월에 16.7%로 가장 많이 분리되었다. 병원성 바이러스는 9월에 1.6%로 가장 적게 4월에 14.7%로 가장 많이 검출 되었다. Salmonella spp.는 ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ticarcillin에 비교적 높은 내성을 나타냈고, Shigella spp.는 ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, chloram-phenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin에 비교적 높은 내성을 나타냈으며, 병원성대장균은 ampicillin, ceph-alothin, gentamicin, tetracycline, nalidi-xic acid, ampicllin/sulbactam, ticarcillin에 비교적 높은 내성을 나타내었다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2005

목적: 2004년 7월 13일 경상북도 성주군 소재 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$중 정보고등학교에서 집단 설사증 환자가 발생하여 발생 원인을 추정하고, 예방 대책을 수립하기 위하여 본 역학조사를 수행하였다. 방법: 2004년 7월 14일 전체 학생 및 교직원 및 조리원 345명 중 275명(79.7%)에 대하여 보건요원 5명이 직접 면담을 통해 설문조사를 시행하였다. 역학조사와 동시에 145명에 대해 직장도말검사를 시행하였고, 보존식, 조리기구, 식수 등의 71건의 가검물을 경상북도보건환경연구원에 검사를 의뢰하였다. 또한 식수 공급경로와 급식소 내 환경에 대하여 오염 여부를 조사하였다. 본 연구의 장병원성대장균 설사증 환례의 정의는 설사를 1회 이상 경험하고, 열, 구토, 뒤무직 중 1개 이상의 증상이 있는 설사증 의심 사례와 배양검사에서 확진된 설사증 확진자로 하였다. 통계는 SPSS 10.0을 이용하여, chi-square검사 및 chi-square 경향검사를 시행하였고, 섭취 음식별 설사증 발병의 위험도는 Taylor series를 이용하여 산출하였다. 결과: 275명 중에서 확진자는 8명이었고, 이중 3명은 불현성 감염자이었다. 확진자 8명과 설사증 의심 사례 93명을 포함하여 장병원성대장균 설사증 환례는 101명으로 발병률은 36.7%이었고, 남녀 설사증 발병률의 차이는 없었다. 고등학생이 39.1%로 중학생20.4%보다 설사증 발병률이 높았으며(p<0.05), 중학생과 고등학생 각각 학년이 증가할수록 설사증 발병률이 높았다(p<0.05). 기타 가검물에서는 균이 배양되지 않았다. 학교에 공급되는 모든 식수에서는 염소가 검출되었고, 학생들은 정수기를 이용하거나 급식소 내에 끓여놓은 보리차를 음용하였다. 설사증 환자의 발생일별 분포는 7월 9일 첫 설사증 환자가 발생 후 7월12일에 최대로 발생하였고, 설사의 평균 횟수는 $5.1{\pm}4.5$(중앙값: 4, 최소: 1, 최대: 30)회이었고, 평균 설사 기간은 $2.1{\pm}1.1$(중앙값: 2, 최소: 1, 최대: 5)일이었다. 식수 섭취별 설사증 발병률은 유의하지 않았으나, 7월 7일 제공된 급식의 경우 비섭취자에 대한 섭취자의 비교위험도가 4.12(95% 신뢰구간 1.39-12.2)로 다른 일자의 급식에 비해 매우 높았으며, 최종적으로 급식될 때 익히지 않은 상태에서 제공되는 음식들 중 유의한 음식은 샐러드로 비교위험도가 1.66(95% 신뢰구간 1.07-2.57)이었다. 7일 점심때 제공된 급식이 오염되었다고 가정하여 추정한 평균 잠복기는 $5.0{\pm}1.1$일(중앙값: 5.1, 최소: 22일, 최대 : 7.3)일이었다. 결론: 이번 장병원성대장균 유행은 물의 오염에 의한 가능성은 거의 없으며, 불현성 감염자인 조리보조원이 최종적으로 익히지 않은 상태에서 제공되는 샐러드와 다른 음식들을 조리하면서 구멍 난 조리장갑을 사용하여 여러 종류의 음식이 오염되었을 가능성이 높다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the epidemiological features of a food poisoning outbreak in a company cafeteria located in Chungcheongnam-do Province, Korea in June of 2020 and to suggest preventive measures for a similar incidence. Methods: A total of 84 patients with acute gastroenteritis were examined. Environmental samples were obtained from 16 food handlers, six food utensils, 135 preserved foods served over three days and nine menus, and six drinking water samples. These are analyzed to detect viruses and bacteria. Results: Ninety-four out of the 402 people who were served meals (23.4%) predominantly showed symptoms of diarrhea, and the number was over 3 times. Among the 84 patients under investigation, 17 cases (20.2%) were positive for Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and 18 cases were positive for Clostridium (C.) perfringens (21.4%). Based on the investigation, it was concluded that the main pathogens were EPEC and C. perfringens. For EPEC, it was detected in three of the food service employees and in the preserved food and curry rice. The results of pulsed field gel electrophoresis indicate that all EPEC cases are closely related except for one food service employee. Assuming that isolated EPEC originated from the preserved food, the incubation period is about 25 hours. The origin of the C. perfringens was not determined as it was not detected in the food service employees or environmental samples. Conclusions: This case suggests that food provided in group food service centers must be thoroughly managed. In addition, identifying the pathogens in preserved food is very important for tracing the causes of food poisoning, so food must be preserved in an appropriate condition. To prevent similar food poisoning cases, analyzing cases based on epidemiological investigation and sharing the results is needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.525-529
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• 2009

Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) represent an emerging family of newly described bacterial products that are produced by a number of pathogens. The genes encoding these toxins have been identified as a cluster of three adjacent genes, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC, plus 5 cdt genetic variants, designated as cdt-I, cdt-II, cdt-III, cdt-IV, and cdt-V, have been identified to date. In this study, a general multiplex PCR system designed to detect Escherichia coli cdts was applied to investigate the presence of cdt genes among isolates. As a result, among 366 E. coli strains, 2.7% were found to carry the cdtB gene. In addition, the use of type-specific primers revealed the presence of cdt-I, cdtIV, and cdt-V types of the cdt gene, yet no cdt-II or cdt-III strains. The presence of other virulence genes (stxl, stx2, eae, bfp, espA, espB, and espD) was also investigated using a PCR assay. Among the 10 cdtB gene-positive strains, 8 were identified as COT-producing typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains ($eae^+$, $bfp^+$), whereas 2 were identified as CDT-producing atypical EPEC strains ($eae^+$, $bfp^-$). When comparing the cytotoxic activity of the CDT-producing typical and atypical EPEC strains, the CDT-producing atypical EPEC strains appeared to be less toxic than the CDT-producing typical EPEC strains.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 1987

Salmonella typhi infection, which was the most frequent enteric infection in Korea, has been decreasing, while the infection of other serogroups of Salmonella has been increasing since the later part of 1970s. In 1986, the number of serogroup B isolated by us increased to 46, which corresponds 21.1% of all enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from stool specimens. Salmonella isolates resistant to antimicrobial agents were extremly rare in Korea, in the 1970s. However, 7 of 13 serogroup B isolates showed resistance to ampicillin or to chloramphenicol in 1984. Among the serogroup B isolates in 1986, 71.7% and 69.6% were resistant to ampicillin and to chloramphenicol respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin and chloramphenicol against these isolates were >$128\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $128\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.336-344
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• 1998

Eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs) against the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were produced and characterized. Four of the MAbs were produced against a reference TGEV, Purdue strain(P115) and the others were produced against the Korean vaccine virus, Pyungtaek strain. Only one MAb(5C8) produced against P115 had neutralizing activity and was found to be E2 protein-specific. The other seven MAbs(4E2, 4G8, 5H6, 1F8, 2C6, 5H5, and 3A6) had specificity of nucleocapsid protein and no neutralizing activity. All MAbs reacted with different strains of TGEV, but none of the MAbs was reactive with porcine enteropathogenic viruses such as rotavirus, epidemic diarrhea virus and enterovirus by fluorescence antibody(FA) test.