• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.595-604
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• 2021

This research aimed to explore the relationship between the challenge and enjoyment dimensions of intrinsic motivation and employee creativity at an individual level. Besides, the study focused on investigating the moderating role of empowering leadership in promoting employee creativity at work. In particular, in the context of Vietnam's electricity industry, the power generation stage faces significant challenges, forcing to innovate and restructure strongly to respond flexibly to the requirements of the electricity market development in Vietnam as well as gradually integrate with other countries in Southeast Asia. The authors used structural equations modeling (SEM) combined with Hayes' moderator variable analysis method (2017) based on primary data. The data included 550 questionnaires from technicians, engineers, and experts directly involved in the operation and production of 36 power generation businesses Vietnam. The results showed the relationship between the enjoyment dimension of intrinsic motivation and employee creativity is not statistically significant, which partly explains the instability of the link between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity. Meanwhile, the challenge dimension is positively associated with employee creativity, but this relationship is more robust in empowering leadership. The study also indicated the challenge dimension of intrinsic motivation is an important predictor of employee creativity.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.356-365
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the influences of sport enjoyment factors on recreation specialization of water sports participants. The study conducted a research survey through purposive sampling method after selecting 4 water sports center in Busan. 260 questionnaires distributed and 246 were selected as final valid sample by removing 14 questionnaires that have insufficient answers. Then data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS Window ver. 20.0. The results were as followings. First, the enjoyment factors have a positive effect on recreation specialization. Second, escaping from daily routine and improving technical skill dimensions of enjoyment factors have an influence on centrality of life. Third, improving technical skill dimension of enjoyment factors have a positive effect on past experience. Lastly, flow and improving technical skill dimensions of enjoyment factors have an influence on economic investment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.560-576
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• 2023

Drawing on gamification affordance theory, this study examines the relationships among key affordances of avatar fashion styling, perceived enjoyment, and engagement behavior intentions-defined as the intention to share content on avatars in the metaverse platform-and the moderating role of metaverse familiarity. Based on survey data collected from 198 Korean ZEPETO users with avatar fashion styling experience, the hereby proposed research model was tested with structural equation modeling. The results demonstrated that self-expression and competition positively influenced perceived enjoyment, which subsequently affected customers' engagement behavior intention. Furthermore, metaverse familiarity as a moderating effect intensified the positive association between affordances and perceived enjoyment as well as between perceived enjoyment and engagement behavior intentions. The individual interaction effect of each affordance dimension on perceived enjoyment was different, with self-expression having a greater influence on enjoyment among the high-familiarity group and competition having a greater influence on enjoyment among the low-familiarity group. Considering that users with low metaverse familiarity might have higher needs for social interaction for adaptation, competition, being more socially triggering, might have affected these users more crucially.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.499-515
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• 2020

This study develops and empirically tests a comprehensive model of consumers' brand page experiences that illuminates dynamics among perceived values (practical value, stimulation, enjoyment, and social identification), brand page engagement dimensions (cognitive engagement, affective engagement, and behavioral engagement) and brand loyalty. An online survey was employed for data collection. We collected 358 usable responses for data analysis. Structural equation modeling results show that three dimensions of perceived values (practical value, perceived enjoyment, and social identification) positively affect brand engagement dimensions, while perceived stimulation affects affective engagement only. As for the roles of brand page engagement, affective and behavioral engagement positively influence brand loyalty. This study demonstrates how consumers' perceived values of brand page experience influence each dimension of brand page engagement and how each dimension has a different impact on brand loyalty. The results of this study provide substantive contributions to the consumers' brand page experience and engagement literature and brand page management on social media for developing brand loyalty.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.730-742
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• 2019

This study investigated the influence of the perceived characteristics of AR fashion retail technology on value co-creation and continued use intention. This study also examines the moderating role of technology readiness in the effects of the perceived characteristics of AR fashion retail technology on value co-creation. A total of 241 university students who had experience using AR fashion retail technology completed the questionnaire. The results were as follows. First, there were five factors in the perceived characteristics of AR fashion retail technology: presence, aesthetic attractiveness, ease of use, shopping usefulness, and perceived enjoyment. Second, aesthetic attractiveness, shopping usefulness, and perceived enjoyment had positive impacts on value co-creation. Third, value co-creation had a positive impact on continued use intention of AR retail technology. Fourth, there were significant differences in the effect of aesthetic attractiveness and shopping usefulness on value co-creation by the innovativeness dimension of technology readiness. Fifth, there was a significant difference in the effect of ease of use on value co-creation by the optimism dimension of technology readiness. The results of this study should provide guidance for marketers or retailers interested in the application of AR fashion retail technology in their stores.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.201-221
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• 2007

Recently price as an information clue on online shopping has become important and price dependency has been also increased. This study suggests the flow which customers experience on online shopping plays a leading role in a matter of revisiting intention, but price sensitivity has a possibility to decrease the flow on the basis of literature investigation. While telling the differences in types of shopping malls, this study also examines relationship verifications with price sensitivity, flow of internet shopping mall and revisiting intension. The results show the flow experience through temporal dissociation makes increase a revisiting intention. To the contrary, this study presents a price search dimension in price sensitivity has negative influence to each dimension of temporal dissociation, heightened enjoyment and curiosity and also the relationship between price importance and flow is rejected. In addition, this influence gets different results by internet auction, pure internet shopping mall, shopping mall which can show price comparisons. In the case of shopping mall which can show price comparisons, more price researches become less curiosities and more heightened enjoyments and curiosities get more revisiting intentions. In the internet auction's case, price search decreases a temporal dissociation and heightened enjoyment and improves a revisiting intention when a temporal dissociation and heightened enjoyment are increased. Price research reduces three types of flow dimensions such as a temporal dissociation, heightened enjoyment, and curiosity in the pure internet shopping mall. In addition, only heightened enjoyment affects to a revisiting intentions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 2007

Flow theory has been borrowed from psychology to address positive user experiences with computers and Internet. The flow experience in computer-mediated environment (CME) has been correlated to increased communication, loaming, exploratory behavior and positive affect. A comparative experiment between CME and traditional paper-pencil environment was conducted to verify whether particular environments or interfaces are more conducive to yielding flow among users. The results showed that there were no differences in flow dimensions except 'enjoyment' between CME and paper-pencil environment. But the distorted senses of time among users were significantly different between the media environments.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.461-480
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• 2008

There are innumerable studies on technology adoption and usage continuance; most examine cognitive factors while affective factors or the feelings of users are left relatively unexplored. Although attitude and user satisfaction are factors commonly considered in Information Systems(IS) research, they represent only some aspects of feelings. In contrast, researchers in diverse fields have begun to note the importance of feelings in understanding and predicting human behavior. Feelings are anticipated to be essential particularly in the context of modern applications, such as mobile internet(M-internet) services, where users are not simply technology users but also service consumers. Drawing on the support of consumer research, social psychology and computer science, this study proposes a balanced cognition-affect model of IS continuance. Prior works in relation to IS research have already considered the emotional factors. The common factors are enjoyment, anxiety, affect and satisfaction. The main difference in our study is that the factors that we used are the primary dimensions of affect according to Circumplex Model of Affect. The horizontal axis of the model represents the pleasure dimension and the vertical represents the arousal dimension. Other emotional factors such as enjoyment and anxiety can be viewed as a combination of these two dimensions, and they can be placed in the vector space formed by these two primary dimensions. Affect has been defined as the enjoyment a person derives from using computers. Satisfaction has different conceptualizations. It has been conceptualized as judgment based on the expectation disconfirmation theory. Thus, while prior works considered the direct and indirect effects of "feeling-related constructs"(enjoyment and anxiety) on usage behavior, our study proposes effects of "feeling-based constructs"(pleasure and arousal). The balanced cognition-affect model is tested in a survey of, M-internet service users. The results establish the validity of the model.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.5-23
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• 2003

To survive in the competitive environment, hospitals pay more attention to patient satisfaction than ever before. Nurses are the employee that have frequent interactions with patients in a hospital, and therefore, the effective management of nursing staff is crucial to maintain high level of patient satisfaction. Searching for a way to an effective human resource management in nursing, this study attempted to investigate the pre-dispositional factors of customer orientation of registered nurses in a hospital. The customer orientation concept is originated from marketing literature and defined as the attitude of employee that focus on establishing a long term relationship rather than short term gains in dealing with customers. The study hypothesized that the personal trait of individual and the perceived level of empowerment affect the level of customer orientation of nurses. We tested the hypothesis 10 a teaching hospital. Three-hundred seventy two nurses were surveyed and 235 responses were collected. Out of the 235 responses, 24 responses were discarded due to the incomplete answers to the questionnaire and 211 responses were analyzed. The data were analyzed using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the enjoyment dimension of customer orientation was affected by the agreeableness, consciousness, and openness of personal traits and the need dimension of customer orientation was affected by the agreeableness and level of empowerment. Based on the results the research and nursing resources management implications were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 2021

Purpose: According to the growth of technology in the service industry, the interaction service between customer and employee has recently been transformed into between customer and technology by Self Service Technology (SST) requiring direct interaction with customers. In this context, self service technology such as unmanned ordering system installed at the store is actively introduced at the work place to reduce labor costs by food and retail company and the research for self-service technology which is rapidly replacing existing face-to-face service is needed. As the growth speed of SST is rapid, many researchers have studied the characteristics of SST, in every sector of business worldwide. Among the characteristics, attributes, Self Service Technology Quality (SSTQUAL) to evaluate SST is important because it may cause the customer's behavior. Thus, this research focuses on the effects of SSTQUAL on SST Satisfaction and SST continuance usage intention. This research suggests the guidelines for how Restaurant Company should prepare SST and build their customer satisfaction and continuance usage that increase the sales. Research design, data and methodology: This study tests the structural relationship between SSTQUAL of unmanned ordering system, SST satisfaction and SST continuance usage. SSTQUAL divided into four sub-dimensions and two categories, cognitive service attributes (Convenience, Functionality) and affective service attributes (Enjoyment, Assurance). In order to achieve the purposes of this research, research model and hypotheses were developed based on previous researches. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. The data were collected from 524 customers experiencing SST and were analyzed through SPSS 25.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 statistical package program. Results: The findings of this research are as follows. First, all SSTQUAL have significant positive impacts on SST satisfaction. Second, SST satisfaction has significant positive impact on SST continuance intention. Third, cognitive service attributes and affective service attributes had wealth of explanation of service attribute more than a single dimension. Conclusions: The implications of this study are as follows. Overall, Restaurant Company should manage SSTQUAL consisting of not only cognitive service attributes (Convenience, Functionality) but also affective service attributes (Enjoyment, Assurance) to satisfy customers basically regardless of the type of restaurant.